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Add stage 06: Lua bootstrap

Browse source 
The goal of stage 06 is to try parse zig synax in lua. I pulled in
lpeglable 1.2.0 and parser-gen off github to get started. All of this
needs to be cleaned up rather soon.

Lua boostraps using tcc and musl from the previous stage. Since musl
0.6.0 doesn't support dynamic linking this build of lua doesn't support
shared libraries. I couldn't easily patch musl with dlopen and friends
so instead I link statically and call deps with c api.
This commit is contained in:
Dawid Sobczak 2023-07-06 11:48:59 +01:00
parent 2ae045cf8a
commit e6b88d5a0f
170 changed files with 72518 additions and 2 deletions
Download patch file Download diff file Expand all files Collapse all files

2
05/Makefile
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@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ TCCDIR=tcc-0.9.27
TCC=$(TCCDIR)/tcc
TCC0=$(TCC)0
TCCINST=tcc-bootstrap
all: out04 a.out tcc
all: out04 a.out $(TCCDIR)/lib/libtcc1.a
in04: *.b ../04a/out04
../04a/out04 main.b in04
out04: in04 ../04/out03

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06/.gitignore vendored Normal file
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lua-bootstrap
**/*.o
zsh

128
06/Lexer.lua Normal file
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Reverse = {
"addrspace", "align", "allowzero", "and", "anyframe", "anytype", "asm", "async",
"await", "break", "callconv", "catch", "comptime", "const", "continue", "defer",
"else", "enum", "errdefer", "error", "export", "extern", "fn", "for", "if",
"inline", "noalias", "noinline", "IDENTIFIER", "nosuspend", "opaque", "or",
"orelse", "packed", "pub", "resume", "return", "linksection", "struct", "suspend",
"switch", "test", "threadlocal", "try", "union", "unreachable", "usingnamespace",
"var", "volatile", "while", "INVALID", ".**", "!", "|", "||", "|=", "=", "==",
"=>", "!=", "(", ")", ";", "%", "%=", "{", "}", "[", "]", ".", ".*", "..", "...",
"^", "^=", "+", "++", "+=", "+%", "+%=", "+|", "+|=", "-", "-=", "-%", "-%=", "-|",
"-|=", "*", "*=", "**", "*%", "*%=", "*|", "*|=", "->", ":", "/", "/=", ",", "&",
"&=", "?", "<", "<=", "<<", "<<=", "<<|", "<<|=", ">", ">=", ">>", ">>=", "~",
"STRING_LITERAL", "CHAR_LITERAL", "EOF", "BUILTIN", "NUMBER_LITERAL", "DOC_COMMENT",
"CONTAINER_DOC_COMMENT",
}
Tokens = {
ADDRSPACE = 1, ALIGN = 2,
ALLOWZERO = 3, AND = 4,
ANYFRAME = 5, ANYTYPE = 6,
ASM = 7, ASYNC = 8,
AWAIT = 9, BREAK = 10,
CALLCONV = 11, CATCH = 12,
COMPTIME = 13, CONST = 14,
CONTINUE = 15, DEFER = 16,
ELSE = 17, ENUM = 18,
ERRDEFER = 19, ERROR = 20,
EXPORT = 21, EXTERN = 22,
FN = 23, FOR = 24,
IF = 25, INLINE = 26,
NOALIAS = 27, NOINLINE = 28,
IDENTIFIER = 29, NOSUSPEND = 30,
OPAQUE = 31, OR = 32,
ORELSE = 33, PACKED = 34,
PUB = 35, RESUME = 36,
RETURN = 37, LINKSECTION = 38,
STRUCT = 39, SUSPEND = 40,
SWITCH = 41, TEST = 42,
THREADLOCAL = 43, TRY = 44,
UNION = 45, UNREACHABLE = 46,
USINGNAMESPACE = 47, VAR = 48,
VOLATILE = 49, WHILE = 50,
INVALID = 51, INVALID_PERIODASTERISKS = 52,
BANG = 53, PIPE = 54,
PIPE_PIPE = 55, PIPE_EQUAL = 56,
EQUAL = 57, EQUAL_EQUAL = 58,
EQUAL_ANGLE_BRACKET_RIGHT = 59, BANG_EQUAL = 60,
L_PAREN = 61, R_PAREN = 62,
SEMICOLON = 63, PERCENT = 64,
PERCENT_EQUAL = 65, L_BRACE = 66,
R_BRACE = 67, L_BRACKET = 68,
R_BRACKET = 69, PERIOD = 70,
PERIOD_ASTERISK = 71, ELLIPSIS2 = 72,
ELLIPSIS3 = 73, CARET = 74,
CARET_EQUAL = 75, PLUS = 76,
PLUS_PLUS = 77, PLUS_EQUAL = 78,
PLUS_PERCENT = 79, PLUS_PERCENT_EQUAL = 80,
PLUS_PIPE = 81, PLUS_PIPE_EQUAL = 82,
MINUS = 83, MINUS_EQUAL = 84,
MINUS_PERCENT = 85, MINUS_PERCENT_EQUAL = 86,
MINUS_PIPE = 87, MINUS_PIPE_EQUAL = 88,
ASTERISK = 89, ASTERISK_EQUAL = 90,
ASTERISK_ASTERISK = 91, ASTERISK_PERCENT = 92,
ASTERISK_PERCENT_EQUAL = 93, ASTERISK_PIPE = 94,
ASTERISK_PIPE_EQUAL = 95, ARROW = 96,
COLON = 97, SLASH = 98,
SLASH_EQUAL = 99, COMMA = 100,
AMPERSAND = 101, AMPERSAND_EQUAL = 102,
QUESTION_MARK = 103, ANGLE_BRACKET_LEFT = 104,
ANGLE_BRACKET_LEFT_EQUAL = 105, ANGLE_BRACKET_ANGLE_BRACKET_LEFT = 106,
ANGLE_BRACKET_ANGLE_BRACKET_LEFT_EQUAL = 107, ANGLE_BRACKET_ANGLE_BRACKET_LEFT_PIPE = 108,
ANGLE_BRACKET_ANGLE_BRACKET_LEFT_PIPE_EQUAL = 109, ANGLE_BRACKET_RIGHT = 110,
ANGLE_BRACKET_RIGHT_EQUAL = 111, ANGLE_BRACKET_ANGLE_BRACKET_RIGHT = 112,
ANGLE_BRACKET_ANGLE_BRACKET_RIGHT_EQUAL = 113, TILDE = 114,
STRING_LITERAL = 115, CHAR_LITERAL = 116,
EOF = 117, BUILTIN = 118,
NUMBER_LITERAL = 119, DOC_COMMENT = 120,
CONTAINER_DOC_COMMENT = 121,
}
State = {
START = 1, IDENTIFIER = 2,
BUILTIN = 3, STRING_LITERAL = 5,
STRING_LITERAL_BACKSLASH = 6, MULTILINE_STRING_LITERAL_LINE = 7,
CHAR_LITERAL = 8, CHAR_LITERAL_BACKSLASH = 9,
CHAR_LITERAL_HEX_ESCAPE = 10, CHAR_LITERAL_UNICODE_ESCAPE_SAW_U = 11,
CHAR_LITERAL_UNICODE_ESCAPE = 12, CHAR_LITERAL_UNICODE_INVALID = 13,
CHAR_LITERAL_UNICODE = 14, CHAR_LITERAL_END = 15,
BACKSLASH = 16, EQUAL = 17,
BANG = 18, PIPE = 19,
MINUS = 20, MINUS_PERCENT = 21,
MINUS_PIPE = 22, ASTERISK = 23,
ASTERISK_PERCENT = 24, ASTERISK_PIPE = 25,
SLASH = 26, LINE_COMMENT_START = 27,
LINE_COMMENT = 28, DOC_COMMENT_START = 29,
DOC_COMMENT = 30, INT = 31,
INT_EXPONENT = 32, INT_PERIOD = 33,
FLOAT = 34, FLOAT_EXPONENT = 35,
AMPERSAND = 36, CARET = 37,
PERCENT = 38, PLUS = 39,
PLUS_PERCENT = 40, PLUS_PIPE = 41,
ANGLE_BRACKET_LEFT = 42, ANGLE_BRACKET_ANGLE_BRACKET_LEFT = 43,
ANGLE_BRACKET_ANGLE_BRACKET_LEFT_PIPE = 44, ANGLE_BRACKET_RIGHT = 45,
ANGLE_BRACKET_ANGLE_BRACKET_RIGHT = 46, PERIOD = 47,
PERIOD_2 = 48, PERIOD_ASTERISK = 49,
SAW_AT_SIGN = 50,
}
Lexer = {
Reverse,
Tokens,
State,
x = 0,
}
function Lexer:new()
local l = {}
setmetatable(l, self)
self.__index = self
return l
end
function Lexer:lex(char)
end
return Lexer

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06/Makefile Normal file
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CC= ../05/tcc-0.9.27/tcc
TCCINST= ../05/tcc-bootstrap
MUSLINST= ../05/musl-bootstrap
LUAINST= lua-bootstrap
CFLAGS= -I $(MUSLINST)/include -I $(LUAINST)/include -I lpeglabel
SRCS = $(sort $(wildcard **/*.c))
OBJS = $(SRCS:.c=.o)
all: zsh
lua-bootstrap/lib/liblua.a:
$(MAKE) -j8 -C lua-5.4.6
$(MAKE) -C lua-5.4.6 install
%.o: %.c lua-bootstrap/lib/liblua.a
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c -o $@ $<
zsh: $(OBJS) lua-bootstrap/lib/liblua.a
$(CC) -nostdlib -B $(TCCINST) -o zsh $(OBJS) $(LUAINST)/lib/liblua.a $(MUSLINST)/lib/*.[oa]
run: zsh
./zsh
c:
rm -f zsh
rm -f src/*.o
rm -f lpeglabel/*.o
clean: c
rm -rf lua-bootstrap
$(MAKE) -C lua-5.4.6 clean

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06/README.md Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
TODO: Fix 05 stage tcc compiler that causes some non-descript linker error whenever a generated executable is executed
Error
> Inconsistency detected by ld.so: dl-fini.c: 92: _dl_fini: Assertion `ns != LM_ID_BASE || i == nloaded' failed!

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lpeglabel.so
*.o

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06/lpeglabel/HISTORY Normal file
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HISTORY for LPegLabel 1.2.0-1
* Changes from version 1.1.0-1 to 1.2.0-1
---------------------------------
+ fixes bug when reporting the error position of an ordinary failure
+ reports the farthest failure position for ordinary failures
* Changes from version 1.0.0-1 to 1.1.0-1
---------------------------------
+ new semantics of lpeglabel.Rec
- labeled ordered choice removed
+ examples updated
* Changes from version 0.12.2-2 to 1.0.0-1
---------------------------------
+ base code updated to LPeg 1.0
+ new functions: lpeglabel.Rec and relabel.calcline
+ improved documentation
+ new examples
+ some bugs fixed
* Changes from version 0.12.2-1 to 0.12.2-2
---------------------------------
+ in case of a failure, "match" also returns a suffix of the input
+ improved error reporting for "relabel", thanks to Matthew Allen
+ limit of labels increased from 32 to 64, thanks to André Maidl
+ compiles with Lua 5.1, thanks to Matthew Allen
+ the throw operator now throws only one label
+ some bugs fixed

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The MIT License (MIT)
Copyright (c) 2014-2016 Sérgio Medeiros
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.

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<p align="center"><img src="https://github.com/sqmedeiros/lpeglabel/raw/master/lpeglabel-logo.png" alt="LPegLabel" width="150px"></p>
## LPegLabel - Parsing Expression Grammars (with Labels) for Lua
---
### Introduction
LPegLabel is a conservative extension of the
[LPeg](http://www.inf.puc-rio.br/~roberto/lpeg)
library that provides an implementation of Parsing
Expression Grammars (PEGs) with labeled failures.
Labels can be used to signal different kinds of errors
and to specify which recovery pattern should handle a
given label. Labels can also be combined with the standard
patterns of LPeg.
Besides that, LPegLabel also reports the farthest
failure position in case of an ordinary failure
(which is represented by label **0**).
This document describes the new functions available
in LpegLabel and presents some examples of usage.
With labeled failures it is possible to distinguish
between an ordinary failure and an error. Usually, an
ordinary failure is produced when the matching of a
character fails, and this failure is caught by ordered choice.
An error (a non-ordinary failure), by its turn, is produced
by the throw operator and may be caught by the recovery operator.
In LPegLabel, the result of an unsuccessful matching
is a triple **nil, lab, sfail**, where **lab**
is the label associated with the failure, and
**sfail** is the suffix input being matched when
**lab** was thrown.
When **lab** is an ordinary failure and no error was thrown before,
**sfail** is formed according to the farthest position where an
ordinary failure occurred.
In case **lab** is an ordinary failure and an error
was thrown before, **sfail** is the farthest suffix
where an ordinary failure occurred after the last error.
Below there is a brief summary of the new functions provided by LpegLabel:
<table border="1">
<tbody><tr><td><b>Function</b></td><td><b>Description</b></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#f-t"><code>lpeglabel.T (l)</code></a></td>
<td>Throws a label <code>l</code> to signal an error</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#f-rec"><code>lpeglabel.Rec (p1, p2, l1 [, l2, ..., ln])</code></a></td>
<td>Specifies a recovery pattern <code>p2</code> for <code>p1</code>,
when the matching of <code>p1</code> gives one of the labels l1, ..., ln.</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#re-t"><code>%{l}</code></a></td>
<td>Syntax of <em>relabel</em> module. Equivalent to <code>lpeglabel.T(l)</code>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#re-rec"><code>p1 //{l1 [, l2, ..., ln} p2</code></a></td>
<td>Syntax of <em>relabel</em> module. Equivalent to <code>lpeglabel.Rec(p1, p2, l1, ..., ln)</code>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#re-line"><code>relabel.calcline(subject, i)</code></a></td>
<td>Calculates line and column information regarding position <i>i</i> of the subject</code>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="#re-setl"><code>relabel.setlabels (tlabel)</code></a></td>
<td>Allows to specicify a table with mnemonic labels.
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
### Functions
#### <a name="f-t"></a><code>lpeglabel.T(l)</code>
Returns a pattern that throws the label `l`.
A label must be an integer between 1 and 255.
This pattern always causes a failure, whose associated
position will be used to set **sfail**, no matter
whether this is the farthest failure position or not.
#### <a name="f-rec"></a><code>lpeglabel.Rec(p1, p2, l1, ..., ln)</code>
Returns a *recovery pattern*.
If the matching of `p1` gives one of the labels `l1, ..., ln`,
then the matching of `p2` is tried from the failure position of `p1`.
Otherwise, the result of the matching of `p1` is the pattern's result.
#### <a name="re-t"></a><code>%{l}</code>
Syntax of *relabel* module. Equivalent to `lpeg.T(l)`.
#### <a name="re-lc"></a><code>p1 //{l1, ..., ln} p2</code>
Syntax of *relabel* module. Equivalent to `lpeglabel.Rec(p1, p2, l1, ..., ln)`.
The `//{}` operator is left-associative.
#### <a name="re-line"></a><code>relabel.calcline (subject, i)</code>
Returns line and column information regarding position <i>i</i> of the subject.
#### <a name="re-setl"></a><code>relabel.setlabels (tlabel)</code>
Allows to specicify a table with labels. They keys of
`tlabel` must be integers between 1 and 255,
and the associated values should be strings.
### Examples
Below there a few examples of usage of LPegLabel.
The code of these and of other examples is available
in the *examples* directory.
#### Reporting the farthest failure
This example illustrates the new values returned
by the *match* function in case of an unsuccessful
matching. As no error is thrown, when the matching
fails *sfail* represents the farthest suffix where
an ordinary failure occurred.
```lua
local m = require'lpeglabel'
function matchPrint(p, s)
local r, lab, sfail = p:match(s)
print("r: ", r, "lab: ", lab, "sfail: ", sfail)
end
local p = m.P"a"^0 * m.P"b" + m.P"c"
matchPrint(p, "abc") --> r: 3 lab: nil sfail: nil
matchPrint(p, "c") --> r: 2 lab: nil sfail: nil
matchPrint(p, "aac") --> r: nil lab: 0 sfail: c
matchPrint(p, "xxc") --> r: nil lab: 0 sfail: xxc
```
#### Matching a list of identifiers separated by commas
The following example defines a grammar that matches
a list of identifiers separated by commas. A label
is thrown when there is an error matching an identifier
or a comma.
We use function `newError` to store error messages in a
table and to return the index associated with each error message.
```lua
local m = require'lpeglabel'
local re = require'relabel'
local terror = {}
local function newError(s)
table.insert(terror, s)
return #terror
end
local errUndef = newError("undefined")
local errId = newError("expecting an identifier")
local errComma = newError("expecting ','")
local g = m.P{
"S",
S = m.V"Id" * m.V"List",
List = -m.P(1) + (m.V"Comma" + m.T(errComma)) * (m.V"Id" + m.T(errId)) * m.V"List",
Id = m.V"Sp" * m.R'az'^1,
Comma = m.V"Sp" * ",",
Sp = m.S" \n\t"^0,
}
function mymatch (g, s)
local r, e, sfail = g:match(s)
if not r then
local line, col = re.calcline(s, #s - #sfail)
local msg = "Error at line " .. line .. " (col " .. col .. "): "
return r, msg .. terror[e] .. " before '" .. sfail .. "'"
end
return r
end
print(mymatch(g, "one,two")) --> 8
print(mymatch(g, "one two")) --> nil Error at line 1 (col 3): expecting ',' before ' two'
print(mymatch(g, "one,\n two,\nthree,")) --> nil Error at line 3 (col 6): expecting an identifier before ''
```
In this example we could think about writing rule <em>List</em> as follows:
```lua
List = ((m.V"Comma" + m.T(errComma)) * (m.V"Id" + m.T(errId)))^0,
```
but when matching this expression against the end of input
we would get a failure whose associated label would be **errComma**,
and this would cause the failure of the *whole* repetition.
#### Error Recovery
By using the `Rec` function we can specify a recovery pattern that
should be matched when a label is thrown. After matching the recovery
pattern, and possibly recording the error, the parser will resume
the <em>regular</em> matching. For example, in the example below
we expect to match rule `A`, but when a failure occur the label 42
is thrown and then we will try to match the recovery pattern `recp`:
```lua
local m = require'lpeglabel'
local recp = m.P"oast"
local g = m.P{
"S",
S = m.Rec(m.V"A", recp, 42) * ".",
A = m.P"t" * (m.P"est" + m.T(42))
}
print(g:match("test.")) --> 6
print(g:match("toast.")) --> 7
print(g:match("oast.")) --> nil 0 oast.
print(g:match("toward.")) --> nil 0 ward.
```
When trying to match subject 'toast.', in rule `A` the first
't' is matched, then the matching of `m.P"est"` fails and label 42
is thrown, with the associated inpux suffix 'oast.'. In rule
`S` label 42 is caught and the recovery pattern matches 'oast',
so pattern `'.'` matches the rest of the input.
When matching subject 'oast.', pattern `m.P"t"` fails, and
the result of the matching is <b>nil, 0, oast.</b>.
When matching 'toward.', label 42 is thrown after matching 't',
with the associated input suffix 'oward.'. As the matching of the
recovery pattern fails, the result is <b>nil, 0, ward.</b>.
Usually, the recovery pattern is an expression that does not fail.
In the previous example, we could have used `(m.P(1) - m.P".")^0`
as the recovery pattern.
Below we rewrite the grammar that describes a list of identifiers
to use a recovery strategy. Grammar `g` remains the same, but we add a
recovery grammar `grec` that handles the labels thrown by `g`.
In grammar `grec` we use functions `record` and `sync`.
Function `record`, plus function `recorderror`, will help
us to save the input position where a label was thrown,
while function `sync` will give us a synchronization pattern,
that consumes the input while is not possible to match a given
pattern `p`.
When the matching of an identifier fails, a defaul value ('NONE')
is provided.
```lua
local m = require'lpeglabel'
local re = require'relabel'
local terror = {}
local function newError(s)
table.insert(terror, s)
return #terror
end
local errUndef = newError("undefined")
local errId = newError("expecting an identifier")
local errComma = newError("expecting ','")
local id = m.R'az'^1
local g = m.P{
"S",
S = m.V"Id" * m.V"List",
List = -m.P(1) + m.V"Comma" * m.V"Id" * m.V"List",
Id = m.V"Sp" * id + m.T(errId),
Comma = m.V"Sp" * "," + m.T(errComma),
Sp = m.S" \n\t"^0,
}
local subject, errors
function recorderror(pos, lab)
local line, col = re.calcline(subject, pos)
table.insert(errors, { line = line, col = col, msg = terror[lab] })
end
function record (lab)
return (m.Cp() * m.Cc(lab)) / recorderror
end
function sync (p)
return (-p * m.P(1))^0
end
local grec = m.P{
"S",
S = m.Rec(m.Rec(g, m.V"ErrComma", errComma), m.V"ErrId", errId),
ErrComma = record(errComma) * sync(id),
ErrId = record(errId) * sync(m.P",")
}
function mymatch (g, s)
errors = {}
subject = s
local r, e, sfail = g:match(s)
if #errors > 0 then
local out = {}
for i, err in ipairs(errors) do
local msg = "Error at line " .. err.line .. " (col " .. err.col .. "): " .. err.msg
table.insert(out, msg)
end
return nil, table.concat(out, "\n") .. "\n"
end
return r
end
print(mymatch(grec, "one,two"))
-- Captures (separated by ';'): one; two;
-- Syntactic errors found: 0
print(mymatch(grec, "one two three"))
-- Captures (separated by ';'): one; two; three;
-- Syntactic errors found: 2
-- Error at line 1 (col 4): expecting ','
-- Error at line 1 (col 8): expecting ','
print(mymatch(grec, "1,\n two, \n3,"))
-- Captures (separated by ';'): NONE; two; NONE; NONE;
-- Syntactic errors found: 3
-- Error at line 1 (col 1): expecting an identifier
-- Error at line 2 (col 6): expecting an identifier
-- Error at line 3 (col 2): expecting an identifier
print(mymatch(grec, "one\n two123, \nthree,"))
-- Captures (separated by ';'): one; two; three; NONE;
-- Syntactic errors found: 3
-- Error at line 2 (col 1): expecting ','
-- Error at line 2 (col 5): expecting ','
-- Error at line 3 (col 6): expecting an identifier
```
##### *relabel* syntax
Below we describe again a grammar that matches a list of identifiers,
now using the syntax supported by *relabel*, where `//{}` is the
recovery operator, and `%{}` is the throw operator:
```lua
local re = require 'relabel'
local errinfo = {
{"errUndef", "undefined"},
{"errId", "expecting an identifier"},
{"errComma", "expecting ','"},
}
local errmsgs = {}
local labels = {}
for i, err in ipairs(errinfo) do
errmsgs[i] = err[2]
labels[err[1]] = i
end
re.setlabels(labels)
local g = re.compile[[
S <- Id List
List <- !. / Comma Id List
Id <- Sp {[a-z]+} / %{errId}
Comma <- Sp ',' / %{errComma}
Sp <- %s*
]]
local errors
function recorderror (subject, pos, label)
local line, col = re.calcline(subject, pos)
table.insert(errors, { line = line, col = col, msg = errmsgs[labels[label]] })
return true
end
function sync (p)
return '( !(' .. p .. ') .)*'
end
local grec = re.compile(
"S <- %g //{errComma} ErrComma //{errId} ErrId" .. "\n" ..
"ErrComma <- ('' -> 'errComma' => recorderror) " .. sync('[a-z]+') .. "\n" ..
"ErrId <- ('' -> 'errId' => recorderror) " .. sync('","') .. "-> default"
, {g = g, recorderror = recorderror, default = "NONE"}
)
function mymatch (g, s)
errors = {}
subject = s
io.write("Input: ", s, "\n")
local r = { g:match(s) }
io.write("Captures (separated by ';'): ")
for k, v in pairs(r) do
io.write(v .. "; ")
end
io.write("\nSyntactic errors found: " .. #errors)
if #errors > 0 then
io.write("\n")
local out = {}
for i, err in ipairs(errors) do
local msg = "Error at line " .. err.line .. " (col " .. err.col .. "): " .. err.msg
table.insert(out, msg)
end
io.write(table.concat(out, "\n"))
end
print("\n")
return r
end
print(mymatch(grec, "one,two"))
-- Captures (separated by ';'): one; two;
-- Syntactic errors found: 0
print(mymatch(grec, "one two three"))
-- Captures (separated by ';'): one; two; three;
-- Syntactic errors found: 2
-- Error at line 1 (col 4): expecting ','
-- Error at line 1 (col 8): expecting ','
print(mymatch(grec, "1,\n two, \n3,"))
-- Captures (separated by ';'): NONE; two; NONE; NONE;
-- Syntactic errors found: 3
-- Error at line 1 (col 1): expecting an identifier
-- Error at line 2 (col 6): expecting an identifier
-- Error at line 3 (col 2): expecting an identifier
print(mymatch(grec, "one\n two123, \nthree,"))
-- Captures (separated by ';'): one; two; three; NONE;
-- Syntactic errors found: 3
-- Error at line 2 (col 1): expecting ','
-- Error at line 2 (col 5): expecting ','
-- Error at line 3 (col 6): expecting an identifier
```
#### Arithmetic Expressions
Here's an example of an LPegLabel grammar that matches an expression.
We have used a function `expect`, that takes a pattern `patt` and a label as
parameters and builds a new pattern that throws this label when `patt`
fails.
When a subexpression is syntactically invalid, a default value of 1000
is provided by the recovery pattern, so the evaluation of an expression
should always produce a numeric value.
In this example, we can see that it may be a tedious and error prone
task to build manually the recovery grammar `grec`. In the next example
we will show how to build the recovery grammar in a more automatic way.
```lua
local m = require"lpeglabel"
local re = require"relabel"
local labels = {
{"ExpTermFirst", "expected an expression"},
{"ExpTermOp", "expected a term after the operator"},
{"MisClose", "missing a closing ')' after the expression"},
}
local function labelindex(labname)
for i, elem in ipairs(labels) do
if elem[1] == labname then
return i
end
end
error("could not find label: " .. labname)
end
local errors, subject
local function expect(patt, labname)
local i = labelindex(labname)
return patt + m.T(i)
end
local num = m.R("09")^1 / tonumber
local op = m.S("+-")
local function compute(tokens)
local result = tokens[1]
for i = 2, #tokens, 2 do
if tokens[i] == '+' then
result = result + tokens[i+1]
elseif tokens[i] == '-' then
result = result - tokens[i+1]
else
error('unknown operation: ' .. tokens[i])
end
end
return result
end
local g = m.P {
"Exp",
Exp = m.Ct(m.V"OperandFirst" * (m.C(op) * m.V"Operand")^0) / compute,
OperandFirst = expect(m.V"Term", "ExpTermFirst"),
Operand = expect(m.V"Term", "ExpTermOp"),
Term = num + m.V"Group",
Group = "(" * m.V"Exp" * expect(")", "MisClose"),
}
function recorderror(pos, lab)
local line, col = re.calcline(subject, pos)
table.insert(errors, { line = line, col = col, msg = labels[lab][2] })
end
function record (labname)
return (m.Cp() * m.Cc(labelindex(labname))) / recorderror
end
function sync (p)
return (-p * m.P(1))^0
end
function defaultValue (p)
return p or m.Cc(1000)
end
local grec = m.P {
"S",
S = m.Rec(m.V"A", m.V"ErrExpTermFirst", labelindex("ExpTermFirst")),
A = m.Rec(m.V"Sg", m.V"ErrExpTermOp", labelindex("ExpTermOp")),
Sg = m.Rec(g, m.V"ErrMisClose", labelindex("MisClose")),
ErrExpTermFirst = record("ExpTermFirst") * sync(op + ")") * defaultValue(),
ErrExpTermOp = record("ExpTermOp") * sync(op + ")") * defaultValue(),
ErrMisClose = record("MisClose") * sync(m.P")") * defaultValue(m.P""),
}
local function eval(input)
errors = {}
io.write("Input: ", input, "\n")
subject = input
local result, label, suffix = grec:match(input)
io.write("Syntactic errors found: " .. #errors, "\n")
if #errors > 0 then
local out = {}
for i, err in ipairs(errors) do
local pos = err.col
local msg = err.msg
table.insert(out, "syntax error: " .. msg .. " (at index " .. pos .. ")")
end
print(table.concat(out, "\n"))
end
io.write("Result = ")
return result
end
print(eval "90-70-(5)+3")
-- Syntactic errors found: 0
-- Result = 18
print(eval "15+")
-- Syntactic errors found: 1
-- syntax error: expected a term after the operator (at index 3)
-- Result = 1015
print(eval "-2")
-- Syntactic errors found: 1
-- syntax error: expected an expression (at index 1)
-- Result = 998
print(eval "1+()+")
-- Syntactic errors found: 2
-- syntax error: expected an expression (at index 4)
-- syntax error: expected a term after the operator (at index 5)
-- Result = 2001
print(eval "1+(")
-- Syntactic errors found: 2
-- syntax error: expected an expression (at index 3)
-- syntax error: missing a closing ')' after the expression (at index 3)
-- Result = 1001
print(eval "3)")
-- Syntactic errors found: 0
-- Result = 3
```
#### Automatically Building the Recovery Grammar
Below we rewrite the previous example to automatically
build the recovery grammar based on information provided
by the user for each label (error message, recovery pattern, etc).
In the example below we also throw an error when the grammar
does not match the whole subject.
```lua
local m = require"lpeglabel"
local re = require"relabel"
local num = m.R("09")^1 / tonumber
local op = m.S("+-")
local labels = {}
local nlabels = 0
local function newError(lab, msg, psync, pcap)
nlabels = nlabels + 1
psync = psync or m.P(-1)
pcap = pcap or m.P""
labels[lab] = { id = nlabels, msg = msg, psync = psync, pcap = pcap }
end
newError("ExpTermFirst", "expected an expression", op + ")", m.Cc(1000))
newError("ExpTermOp", "expected a term after the operator", op + ")", m.Cc(1000))
newError("MisClose", "missing a closing ')' after the expression", m.P")")
newError("Extra", "extra characters found after the expression")
local errors, subject
local function expect(patt, labname)
local i = labels[labname].id
return patt + m.T(i)
end
local function compute(tokens)
local result = tokens[1]
for i = 2, #tokens, 2 do
if tokens[i] == '+' then
result = result + tokens[i+1]
elseif tokens[i] == '-' then
result = result - tokens[i+1]
else
error('unknown operation: ' .. tokens[i])
end
end
return result
end
local g = m.P {
"Exp",
Exp = m.Ct(m.V"OperandFirst" * (m.C(op) * m.V"Operand")^0) / compute,
OperandFirst = expect(m.V"Term", "ExpTermFirst"),
Operand = expect(m.V"Term", "ExpTermOp"),
Term = num + m.V"Group",
Group = "(" * m.V"Exp" * expect(")", "MisClose"),
}
function recorderror(pos, lab)
local line, col = re.calcline(subject, pos)
table.insert(errors, { line = line, col = col, msg = labels[lab].msg })
end
function record (labname)
return (m.Cp() * m.Cc(labname)) / recorderror
end
function sync (p)
return (-p * m.P(1))^0
end
function defaultValue (p)
return p or m.Cc(1000)
end
local grec = g * expect(m.P(-1), "Extra")
for k, v in pairs(labels) do
grec = m.Rec(grec, record(k) * sync(v.psync) * v.pcap, v.id)
end
local function eval(input)
errors = {}
io.write("Input: ", input, "\n")
subject = input
local result, label, suffix = grec:match(input)
io.write("Syntactic errors found: " .. #errors, "\n")
if #errors > 0 then
local out = {}
for i, err in ipairs(errors) do
local pos = err.col
local msg = err.msg
table.insert(out, "syntax error: " .. msg .. " (at index " .. pos .. ")")
end
print(table.concat(out, "\n"))
end
io.write("Result = ")
return result
end
print(eval "90-70-(5)+3")
-- Syntactic errors found: 0
-- Result = 18
print(eval "15+")
-- Syntactic errors found: 1
-- syntax error: expected a term after the operator (at index 3)
-- Result = 1015
print(eval "-2")
-- Syntactic errors found: 1
-- syntax error: expected an expression (at index 1)
-- Result = 998
print(eval "1+()+")
-- Syntactic errors found: 2
-- syntax error: expected an expression (at index 4)
-- syntax error: expected a term after the operator (at index 5)
-- Result = 2001
print(eval "1+(")
-- Syntactic errors found: 2
-- syntax error: expected an expression (at index 3)
-- syntax error: missing a closing ')' after the expression (at index 3)
-- Result = 1001
print(eval "3)")
-- Syntactic errors found: 1
-- syntax error: extra characters found after the expression (at index 2)
-- Result = 3
```

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local m = require"lpeglabel"
local re = require"relabel"
local labels = {
{"ExpTermFirst", "expected an expression"},
{"ExpTermOp", "expected a term after the operator"},
{"MisClose", "missing a closing ')' after the expression"},
}
local function labelindex(labname)
for i, elem in ipairs(labels) do
if elem[1] == labname then
return i
end
end
error("could not find label: " .. labname)
end
local errors, subject
local function expect(patt, labname)
local i = labelindex(labname)
return patt + m.T(i)
end
local num = m.R("09")^1 / tonumber
local op = m.S("+-")
local function compute(tokens)
local result = tokens[1]
for i = 2, #tokens, 2 do
if tokens[i] == '+' then
result = result + tokens[i+1]
elseif tokens[i] == '-' then
result = result - tokens[i+1]
else
error('unknown operation: ' .. tokens[i])
end
end
return result
end
local g = m.P {
"Exp",
Exp = m.Ct(m.V"OperandFirst" * (m.C(op) * m.V"Operand")^0) / compute,
OperandFirst = expect(m.V"Term", "ExpTermFirst"),
Operand = expect(m.V"Term", "ExpTermOp"),
Term = num + m.V"Group",
Group = "(" * m.V"Exp" * expect(")", "MisClose"),
}
function recorderror(pos, lab)
local line, col = re.calcline(subject, pos)
table.insert(errors, { line = line, col = col, msg = labels[lab][2] })
end
function record (labname)
return (m.Cp() * m.Cc(labelindex(labname))) / recorderror
end
function sync (p)
return (-p * m.P(1))^0
end
function defaultValue (p)
return p or m.Cc(1000)
end
local grec = m.P {
"S",
S = m.Rec(m.V"A", m.V"ErrExpTermFirst", labelindex("ExpTermFirst")), -- default value is 0
A = m.Rec(m.V"Sg", m.V"ErrExpTermOp", labelindex("ExpTermOp")),
Sg = m.Rec(g, m.V"ErrMisClose", labelindex("MisClose")),
ErrExpTermFirst = record("ExpTermFirst") * sync(op + ")") * defaultValue(),
ErrExpTermOp = record("ExpTermOp") * sync(op + ")") * defaultValue(),
ErrMisClose = record("MisClose") * sync(m.P")") * defaultValue(m.P""),
}
local function eval(input)
errors = {}
io.write("Input: ", input, "\n")
subject = input
local result, label, suffix = grec:match(input)
io.write("Syntactic errors found: " .. #errors, "\n")
if #errors > 0 then
local out = {}
for i, err in ipairs(errors) do
local pos = err.col
local msg = err.msg
table.insert(out, "syntax error: " .. msg .. " (at index " .. pos .. ")")
end
print(table.concat(out, "\n"))
end
io.write("Result = ")
return result
end
print(eval "90-70-(5)+3")
--> 20
print(eval "15+")
--> 2 + 0
print(eval "-2")
--> 0 - 2
print(eval "1+3+-9")
--> 1 + 3 + [0] - 9
print(eval "1+()3+")
--> 1 + ([0]) [3 +] [0]
print(eval "8-(2+)-5")
--> 8 - (2 + [0]) - 5
print(eval "()")
print(eval "")
print(eval "1+()+")
print(eval "1+(")
print(eval "3)")
print(eval "11+())3")

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local m = require"lpeglabel"
local re = require"relabel"
local num = m.R("09")^1 / tonumber
local op = m.S("+-")
local labels = {}
local nlabels = 0
local function newError(lab, msg, psync, pcap)
nlabels = nlabels + 1
psync = psync or m.P(-1)
pcap = pcap or m.P""
labels[lab] = { id = nlabels, msg = msg, psync = psync, pcap = pcap }
end
newError("ExpTermFirst", "expected an expression", op + ")", m.Cc(1000))
newError("ExpTermOp", "expected a term after the operator", op + ")", m.Cc(1000))
newError("MisClose", "missing a closing ')' after the expression", m.P")")
newError("Extra", "extra characters found after the expression")
local errors, subject
local function expect(patt, labname)
local i = labels[labname].id
return patt + m.T(i)
end
local function compute(tokens)
local result = tokens[1]
for i = 2, #tokens, 2 do
if tokens[i] == '+' then
result = result + tokens[i+1]
elseif tokens[i] == '-' then
result = result - tokens[i+1]
else
error('unknown operation: ' .. tokens[i])
end
end
return result
end
local g = m.P {
"Exp",
Exp = m.Ct(m.V"OperandFirst" * (m.C(op) * m.V"Operand")^0) / compute,
OperandFirst = expect(m.V"Term", "ExpTermFirst"),
Operand = expect(m.V"Term", "ExpTermOp"),
Term = num + m.V"Group",
Group = "(" * m.V"Exp" * expect(")", "MisClose"),
}
function recorderror(pos, lab)
local line, col = re.calcline(subject, pos)
table.insert(errors, { line = line, col = col, msg = labels[lab].msg })
end
function record (labname)
return (m.Cp() * m.Cc(labname)) / recorderror
end
function sync (p)
return (-p * m.P(1))^0
end
function defaultValue (p)
return p or m.Cc(1000)
end
local grec = g * expect(m.P(-1), "Extra")
for k, v in pairs(labels) do
grec = m.Rec(grec, record(k) * sync(v.psync) * v.pcap, v.id)
end
local function eval(input)
errors = {}
io.write("Input: ", input, "\n")
subject = input
local result, label, suffix = grec:match(input)
io.write("Syntactic errors found: " .. #errors, "\n")
if #errors > 0 then
local out = {}
for i, err in ipairs(errors) do
local pos = err.col
local msg = err.msg
table.insert(out, "syntax error: " .. msg .. " (at index " .. pos .. ")")
end
print(table.concat(out, "\n"))
end
io.write("Result = ")
return result
end
print(eval "90-70-(5)+3")
--> 18
print(eval "15+")
--> 2 + 0
print(eval "-2")
--> 0 - 2
print(eval "1+3+-9")
--> 1 + 3 + [0] - 9
print(eval "1+()3+")
--> 1 + ([0]) [+] 3 + [0]
print(eval "8-(2+)-5")
--> 8 - (2 + [0]) - 5
print(eval "()")
print(eval "")
print(eval "1+()+")
print(eval "1+(")
print(eval "3)")
print(eval "11+()3")
--> 1 + ([0]) [+] 3 + [0]

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local m = require'lpeglabel'
function matchPrint(p, s)
local r, lab, sfail = p:match(s)
print("r: ", r, "lab: ", lab, "sfail: ", sfail)
end
local p = m.P"a"^0 * m.P"b" + m.P"c"
matchPrint(p, "abc") --> r: 3 lab: nil sfail: nil
matchPrint(p, "c") --> r: 2 lab: nil sfail: nil
matchPrint(p, "aac") --> r: nil lab: 0 sfail: c
matchPrint(p, "xxc") --> r: nil lab: 0 sfail: xxc

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local m = require'lpeglabel'
local re = require'relabel'
local id = m.R'az'^1
local g = m.P{
"S",
S = m.V"Id" * m.V"List",
List = -m.P(1) + m.V"Comma" * m.V"Id" * m.V"List",
Id = m.V"Sp" * id + m.T(1),
Comma = m.V"Sp" * "," + m.T(2),
Sp = m.S" \n\t"^0,
}
function mymatch (g, s)
local r, e, sfail = g:match(s)
if not r then
local line, col = re.calcline(s, #s - #sfail)
local msg = "Error at line " .. line .. " (col " .. col .. ")"
if e == 1 then
return r, msg .. ": expecting an identifier before '" .. sfail .. "'"
elseif e == 2 then
return r, msg .. ": expecting ',' before '" .. sfail .. "'"
else
return r, msg
end
end
return r
end
print(mymatch(g, "one,two"))
print(mymatch(g, "one two"))
print(mymatch(g, "one,\n two,\nthree,"))

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local m = require'lpeglabel'
local re = require'relabel'
local terror = {}
local function newError(s)
table.insert(terror, s)
return #terror
end
local errUndef = newError("undefined")
local errId = newError("expecting an identifier")
local errComma = newError("expecting ','")
local id = m.R'az'^1
local g = m.P{
"S",
S = m.V"Id" * m.V"List",
List = -m.P(1) + m.V"Comma" * m.V"Id" * m.V"List",
Id = m.V"Sp" * id + m.T(errId),
Comma = m.V"Sp" * "," + m.T(errComma),
Sp = m.S" \n\t"^0,
}
function mymatch (g, s)
local r, e, sfail = g:match(s)
if not r then
local line, col = re.calcline(s, #s - #sfail)
local msg = "Error at line " .. line .. " (col " .. col .. "): "
return r, msg .. terror[e] .. " before '" .. sfail .. "'"
end
return r
end
print(mymatch(g, "one,two"))
print(mymatch(g, "one two"))
print(mymatch(g, "one,\n two,\nthree,"))

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local m = require'lpeglabel'
local re = require'relabel'
local terror = {}
local function newError(s)
table.insert(terror, s)
return #terror
end
local errUndef = newError("undefined")
local errId = newError("expecting an identifier")
local errComma = newError("expecting ','")
local id = m.R'az'^1
local g = m.P{
"S",
S = m.V"Id" * m.V"List",
List = -m.P(1) + m.V"Comma" * m.V"Id" * m.V"List",
Id = m.V"Sp" * id + m.T(errId),
Comma = m.V"Sp" * "," + m.T(errComma),
Sp = m.S" \n\t"^0,
}
local subject, errors
function recorderror(pos, lab)
local line, col = re.calcline(subject, pos)
table.insert(errors, { line = line, col = col, msg = terror[lab] })
end
function record (lab)
return (m.Cp() * m.Cc(lab)) / recorderror
end
function sync (p)
return (-p * m.P(1))^0
end
local grec = m.P{
"S",
S = m.Rec(m.Rec(g, m.V"ErrComma", errComma), m.V"ErrId", errId),
ErrComma = record(errComma) * sync(id),
ErrId = record(errId) * sync(m.P",")
}
function mymatch (g, s)
errors = {}
subject = s
local r, e, sfail = g:match(s)
if #errors > 0 then
local out = {}
for i, err in ipairs(errors) do
local msg = "Error at line " .. err.line .. " (col " .. err.col .. "): " .. err.msg
table.insert(out, msg)
end
return nil, table.concat(out, "\n") .. "\n"
end
return r
end
print(mymatch(grec, "one,two"))
print(mymatch(grec, "one two three"))
print(mymatch(grec, "1,\n two, \n3,"))
print(mymatch(grec, "one\n two123, \nthree,"))

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local m = require'lpeglabel'
local re = require'relabel'
local terror = {}
local function newError(s)
table.insert(terror, s)
return #terror
end
local errUndef = newError("undefined")
local errId = newError("expecting an identifier")
local errComma = newError("expecting ','")
local id = m.R'az'^1
local g = m.P{
"S",
S = m.V"Id" * m.V"List",
List = -m.P(1) + m.V"Comma" * m.V"Id" * m.V"List",
Id = m.V"Sp" * m.C(id) + m.T(errId),
Comma = m.V"Sp" * "," + m.T(errComma),
Sp = m.S" \n\t"^0,
}
local subject, errors
function recorderror(pos, lab)
local line, col = re.calcline(subject, pos)
table.insert(errors, { line = line, col = col, msg = terror[lab] })
end
function record (lab)
return (m.Cp() * m.Cc(lab)) / recorderror
end
function sync (p)
return (-p * m.P(1))^0
end
function defaultValue ()
return m.Cc"NONE"
end
local grec = m.P{
"S",
S = m.Rec(m.Rec(g, m.V"ErrComma", errComma), m.V"ErrId", errId),
ErrComma = record(errComma) * sync(id),
ErrId = record(errId) * sync(m.P",") * defaultValue(),
}
function mymatch (g, s)
errors = {}
subject = s
io.write("Input: ", s, "\n")
local r = { g:match(s) }
io.write("Captures (separated by ';'): ")
for k, v in pairs(r) do
io.write(v .. "; ")
end
io.write("\nSyntactic errors found: " .. #errors)
if #errors > 0 then
io.write("\n")
local out = {}
for i, err in ipairs(errors) do
local msg = "Error at line " .. err.line .. " (col " .. err.col .. "): " .. err.msg
table.insert(out, msg)
end
io.write(table.concat(out, "\n"))
end
print("\n")
return r
end
mymatch(grec, "one,two")
mymatch(grec, "one two three")
mymatch(grec, "1,\n two, \n3,")
mymatch(grec, "one\n two123, \nthree,")

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local re = require 'relabel'
local g = re.compile[[
S <- Id List
List <- !. / Comma Id List
Id <- Sp [a-z]+ / %{2}
Comma <- Sp ',' / %{3}
Sp <- %s*
]]
function mymatch (g, s)
local r, e, sfail = g:match(s)
if not r then
local line, col = re.calcline(s, #s - #sfail)
local msg = "Error at line " .. line .. " (col " .. col .. ")"
if e == 1 then
return r, msg .. ": expecting an identifier before '" .. sfail .. "'"
elseif e == 2 then
return r, msg .. ": expecting ',' before '" .. sfail .. "'"
else
return r, msg
end
end
return r
end
print(mymatch(g, "one,two"))
print(mymatch(g, "one two"))
print(mymatch(g, "one,\n two,\nthree,"))

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local re = require 'relabel'
local errinfo = {
{"errUndef", "undefined"},
{"errId", "expecting an identifier"},
{"errComma", "expecting ','"},
}
local errmsgs = {}
local labels = {}
for i, err in ipairs(errinfo) do
errmsgs[i] = err[2]
labels[err[1]] = i
end
re.setlabels(labels)
local g = re.compile[[
S <- Id List
List <- !. / Comma Id List
Id <- Sp {[a-z]+} / %{errId}
Comma <- Sp ',' / %{errComma}
Sp <- %s*
]]
local errors
function recorderror (subject, pos, label)
local line, col = re.calcline(subject, pos)
table.insert(errors, { line = line, col = col, msg = errmsgs[labels[label]] })
return true
end
function sync (p)
return '( !(' .. p .. ') .)*'
end
local grec = re.compile(
"S <- %g //{errComma} ErrComma //{errId} ErrId" .. "\n" ..
"ErrComma <- ('' -> 'errComma' => recorderror) " .. sync('[a-z]+') .. "\n" ..
"ErrId <- ('' -> 'errId' => recorderror) " .. sync('","') .. "-> default"
, {g = g, recorderror = recorderror, default = "NONE"})
function mymatch (g, s)
errors = {}
subject = s
io.write("Input: ", s, "\n")
local r = { g:match(s) }
io.write("Captures (separated by ';'): ")
for k, v in pairs(r) do
io.write(v .. "; ")
end
io.write("\nSyntactic errors found: " .. #errors)
if #errors > 0 then
io.write("\n")
local out = {}
for i, err in ipairs(errors) do
local msg = "Error at line " .. err.line .. " (col " .. err.col .. "): " .. err.msg
table.insert(out, msg)
end
io.write(table.concat(out, "\n"))
end
print("\n")
return r
end
mymatch(grec, "one,two")
mymatch(grec, "one two three")
mymatch(grec, "1,\n two, \n3,")
mymatch(grec, "one\n two123, \nthree,")

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local re = require 'relabel'
local terror = {}
local function newError(l, msg)
table.insert(terror, { l = l, msg = msg} )
end
newError("errSemi", "Error: missing ';'")
newError("errExpIf", "Error: expected expression after 'if'")
newError("errThen", "Error: expected 'then' keyword")
newError("errCmdSeq1", "Error: expected at least a command after 'then'")
newError("errCmdSeq2", "Error: expected at least a command after 'else'")
newError("errEnd", "Error: expected 'end' keyword")
newError("errCmdSeqRep", "Error: expected at least a command after 'repeat'")
newError("errUntil", "Error: expected 'until' keyword")
newError("errExpRep", "Error: expected expression after 'until'")
newError("errAssignOp", "Error: expected ':=' in assigment")
newError("errExpAssign", "Error: expected expression after ':='")
newError("errReadName", "Error: expected an identifier after 'read'")
newError("errWriteExp", "Error: expected expression after 'write'")
newError("errSimpExp", "Error: expected '(', ID, or number after '<' or '='")
newError("errTerm", "Error: expected '(', ID, or number after '+' or '-'")
newError("errFactor", "Error: expected '(', ID, or number after '*' or '/'")
newError("errExpFac", "Error: expected expression after '('")
newError("errClosePar", "Error: expected ')' after expression")
local labelCode = {}
for k, v in ipairs(terror) do
labelCode[v.l] = k
end
re.setlabels(labelCode)
local g = re.compile[[
Tiny <- CmdSeq
CmdSeq <- (Cmd (SEMICOLON / ErrSemi)) (Cmd (SEMICOLON / ErrSemi))*
Cmd <- IfCmd / RepeatCmd / ReadCmd / WriteCmd / AssignCmd
IfCmd <- IF (Exp / ErrExpIf) (THEN / ErrThen) (CmdSeq / ErrCmdSeq1) (ELSE (CmdSeq / ErrCmdSeq2) / '') (END / ErrEnd)
RepeatCmd <- REPEAT (CmdSeq / ErrCmdSeqRep) (UNTIL / ErrUntil) (Exp / ErrExpRep)
AssignCmd <- NAME (ASSIGNMENT / ErrAssignOp) (Exp / ErrExpAssign)
ReadCmd <- READ (NAME / ErrReadName)
WriteCmd <- WRITE (Exp / ErrWriteExp)
Exp <- SimpleExp ((LESS / EQUAL) (SimpleExp / ErrSimpExp) / '')
SimpleExp <- Term ((ADD / SUB) (Term / ErrTerm))*
Term <- Factor ((MUL / DIV) (Factor / ErrFactor))*
Factor <- OPENPAR (Exp / ErrExpFac) (CLOSEPAR / ErrClosePar) / NUMBER / NAME
ErrSemi <- %{errSemi}
ErrExpIf <- %{errExpIf}
ErrThen <- %{errThen}
ErrCmdSeq1 <- %{errCmdSeq1}
ErrCmdSeq2 <- %{errCmdSeq2}
ErrEnd <- %{errEnd}
ErrCmdSeqRep <- %{errCmdSeqRep}
ErrUntil <- %{errUntil}
ErrExpRep <- %{errExpRep}
ErrAssignOp <- %{errAssignOp}
ErrExpAssign <- %{errExpAssign}
ErrReadName <- %{errReadName}
ErrWriteExp <- %{errWriteExp}
ErrSimpExp <- %{errSimpExp}
ErrTerm <- %{errTerm}
ErrFactor <- %{errFactor}
ErrExpFac <- %{errExpFac}
ErrClosePar <- %{errClosePar}
ADD <- Sp '+'
ASSIGNMENT <- Sp ':='
CLOSEPAR <- Sp ')'
DIV <- Sp '/'
IF <- Sp 'if'
ELSE <- Sp 'else'
END <- Sp 'end'
EQUAL <- Sp '='
LESS <- Sp '<'
MUL <- Sp '*'
NAME <- Sp !RESERVED [a-z]+
NUMBER <- Sp [0-9]+
OPENPAR <- Sp '('
READ <- Sp 'read'
REPEAT <- Sp 'repeat'
SEMICOLON <- Sp ';'
SUB <- Sp '-'
THEN <- Sp 'then'
UNTIL <- Sp 'until'
WRITE <- Sp 'write'
RESERVED <- (IF / ELSE / END / READ / REPEAT / THEN / UNTIL / WRITE) ![a-z]+
Sp <- %s*
]]
local function mymatch(g, s)
local r, e, sfail = g:match(s)
if not r then
local line, col = re.calcline(s, #s - #sfail)
local msg = "Error at line " .. line .. " (col " .. col .. "): "
return r, msg .. terror[e].msg
end
return r
end
local s = [[
n := 5;
f := 1;
repeat
f := f + n;
n := n - 1
until (n < 1);
write f;]]
print(mymatch(g, s))
s = [[
n := 5;
f := 1;
repeat
f := f + n;
n := n - 1;
until (n < 1);
read ;]]
print(mymatch(g, s))
s = [[
if a < 1 then
b := 2;
else
b := 3;]]
print(mymatch(g, s))
s = [[
n := 5;
f := 1;
repeat
f := f + n;
n := n - 1;
untill (n < 1);
]]
print(mymatch(g, s))
s = [[
n := 5;
f := 1;
repeat
f := f + n;
n := n - 1;
3 (n < 1);
]]
print(mymatch(g, s))
print(mymatch(g, "a : 2"))
print(mymatch(g, "a := (2"))

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local errors = {}
local function new_error (label, msg)
table.insert(errors, { label = label, msg = msg })
end
new_error("Number", "malformed <number>")
new_error("String", "malformed <string>")
new_error("LongString", "unfinished long string")
new_error("LongComment", "unfinished long comment")
new_error("MissingOP", "missing '('")
new_error("MissingCP", "missing ')'")
new_error("MissingCC", "missing '}'")
new_error("MissingCB", "missing ']'")
new_error("UnionType", "expecting <type> after '|'")
new_error("FunctionType", "expecting <type> after '->'")
new_error("MethodType", "expecting <type> after '=>'")
new_error("TupleType", "expecting <type> after ','")
new_error("Type", "expecting <type> after ':'")
new_error("TypeDecEnd", "missing 'end' in type declaration")
new_error("TypeAliasName", "expecting <name> after 'typealias'")
new_error("MissingEqTypeAlias", "missing '=' in 'typealias'")
new_error("DotIndex", "expecting <name> after '.'")
new_error("MethodName", "expecting <name> after ':'")
new_error("Then", "missing 'then'")
new_error("IfEnd", "missing 'end' to close if statement")
new_error("WhileDo", "missing 'do' in while statement")
new_error("WhileEnd", "missing 'end' to close while statement")
new_error("BlockEnd", "missing 'end' to close block")
new_error("ForDo", "missing 'do' in for statement")
new_error("ForEnd", "missing 'end' to close for statement")
new_error("Until", "missing 'until' in repeat statement")
new_error("FuncEnd", "missing 'end' to close function declaration")
new_error("ParList", "expecting '...'")
new_error("MethodCall", "expecting '(' for method call")
new_error("Label1", "expecting <name> after '::'")
new_error("Label2", "expecting '::' to close label declaration")
new_error("LocalAssign1", "expecting expression list after '='")
new_error("LocalAssign2", "invalid local declaration")
new_error("ForGen", "expecting 'in'")
new_error("LocalFunc", "expecting <name> in local function declaration")
new_error("RetStat", "invalid statement after 'return'")
new_error("ElseIf", "expecting <exp> after 'elseif'")
new_error("SubExpr_1", "malformed 'or' expression")
new_error("SubExpr_2", "malformed 'and' expression")
new_error("SubExpr_3", "malformed relational expression")
new_error("SubExpr_4", "malformed '|' expression")
new_error("SubExpr_5", "malformed '~' expression")
new_error("SubExpr_6", "malformed '&' expression")
new_error("SubExpr_7", "malformed shift expression")
new_error("SubExpr_8", "malformed '..' expression")
new_error("SubExpr_9", "malformed addition expression")
new_error("SubExpr_10", "malformed multiplication expression")
new_error("SubExpr_11", "malformed unary expression")
new_error("SubExpr_12", "malformed '^' expression")
new_error("Stat", "invalid statement")
local labels = {}
for k, v in ipairs(errors) do
labels[v.label] = k
end
return {
errors = errors,
labels = labels,
}

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local tllexer = {}
local lpeg = require "lpeglabel"
lpeg.locale(lpeg)
local tlerror = require "tlerror"
function tllexer.try (pat, label)
return pat + lpeg.T(tlerror.labels[label])
end
local function setffp (s, i, t, n)
if not t.ffp or i > t.ffp then
t.ffp = i
t.list = {}
t.list[n] = true
t.expected = "'" .. n .. "'"
elseif i == t.ffp then
if not t.list[n] then
t.list[n] = true
t.expected = "'" .. n .. "', " .. t.expected
end
end
return false
end
local function updateffp (name)
return lpeg.Cmt(lpeg.Carg(1) * lpeg.Cc(name), setffp)
end
tllexer.Shebang = lpeg.P("#") * (lpeg.P(1) - lpeg.P("\n"))^0 * lpeg.P("\n")
local Space = lpeg.space^1
local Equals = lpeg.P("=")^0
local Open = "[" * lpeg.Cg(Equals, "init") * "[" * lpeg.P("\n")^-1
local Close = "]" * lpeg.C(Equals) * "]"
local CloseEQ = lpeg.Cmt(Close * lpeg.Cb("init"),
function (s, i, a, b) return a == b end)
local LongString = Open * (lpeg.P(1) - CloseEQ)^0 * tllexer.try(Close, "LongString") /
function (s, o) return s end
local LongStringCm1 = Open * (lpeg.P(1) - CloseEQ)^0 * Close /
function (s, o) return s end
local Comment = lpeg.Rec(lpeg.P"--" * #Open * (LongStringCm1 / function() return end + lpeg.T(tlerror.labels["LongString"])),
lpeg.T(tlerror.labels["LongComment"]), tlerror.labels["LongString"]) +
lpeg.P("--") * (lpeg.P(1) - lpeg.P("\n"))^0
tllexer.Skip = (Space + Comment)^0
local idStart = lpeg.alpha + lpeg.P("_")
local idRest = lpeg.alnum + lpeg.P("_")
local Keywords = lpeg.P("and") + "break" + "do" + "elseif" + "else" + "end" +
"false" + "for" + "function" + "goto" + "if" + "in" +
"local" + "nil" + "not" + "or" + "repeat" + "return" +
"then" + "true" + "until" + "while"
tllexer.Reserved = Keywords * -idRest
local Identifier = idStart * idRest^0
tllexer.Name = -tllexer.Reserved * Identifier * -idRest
function tllexer.token (pat, name)
return pat * tllexer.Skip + updateffp(name) * lpeg.P(false)
end
function tllexer.symb (str)
return tllexer.token(lpeg.P(str), str)
end
function tllexer.kw (str)
return tllexer.token(lpeg.P(str) * -idRest, str)
end
local Hex = (lpeg.P("0x") + lpeg.P("0X")) * tllexer.try(lpeg.xdigit^1, "Number")
local Expo = lpeg.S("eE") * lpeg.S("+-")^-1 * tllexer.try(lpeg.digit^1, "Number")
local Float = (((lpeg.digit^1 * lpeg.P(".") * lpeg.digit^0 * tllexer.try(-lpeg.P("."), "Number")) +
(lpeg.P(".") * lpeg.digit^1)) * Expo^-1) +
(lpeg.digit^1 * Expo)
local Int = lpeg.digit^1
tllexer.Number = Hex + Float + Int
local ShortString = lpeg.P('"') *
((lpeg.P('\\') * lpeg.P(1)) + (lpeg.P(1) - lpeg.P('"')))^0 *
tllexer.try(lpeg.P('"'), "String") +
lpeg.P("'") *
((lpeg.P("\\") * lpeg.P(1)) + (lpeg.P(1) - lpeg.P("'")))^0 *
tllexer.try(lpeg.P("'"), "String")
tllexer.String = LongString + ShortString
-- for error reporting
tllexer.OneWord = tllexer.Name +
tllexer.Number +
tllexer.String +
tllexer.Reserved +
lpeg.P("...") +
lpeg.P(1)
return tllexer

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local tlparser = require "tlparser"
local function getcontents(filename)
file = assert(io.open(filename, "r"))
contents = file:read("*a")
file:close()
return contents
end
if #arg ~= 1 then
print ("Usage: lua tlp.lua <file>")
os.exit(1)
end
local filename = arg[1]
local subject = getcontents(filename)
local r, msg = tlparser.parse(subject, filename, false, true)
if not r then print(msg) end
os.exit(0)

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local tlparser = {}
local lpeg = require "lpeglabel"
lpeg.locale(lpeg)
local tllexer = require "tllexer"
local tlerror = require "tlerror"
local function chainl1 (pat, sep, label)
return pat * (sep * tllexer.try(pat, label))^0
end
local G = lpeg.P { "TypedLua";
TypedLua = tllexer.Shebang^-1 * tllexer.Skip * lpeg.V("Chunk") * tllexer.try(-1, "Stat");
-- type language
Type = lpeg.V("NilableType");
NilableType = lpeg.V("UnionType") * tllexer.symb("?")^-1;
UnionType = lpeg.V("PrimaryType") * (tllexer.symb("|") * tllexer.try(lpeg.V("PrimaryType"), "UnionType"))^0;
PrimaryType = lpeg.V("LiteralType") +
lpeg.V("BaseType") +
lpeg.V("NilType") +
lpeg.V("ValueType") +
lpeg.V("AnyType") +
lpeg.V("SelfType") +
lpeg.V("FunctionType") +
lpeg.V("TableType") +
lpeg.V("VariableType");
LiteralType = tllexer.token("false", "false") +
tllexer.token("true", "true") +
tllexer.token(tllexer.Number, "Number") +
tllexer.token(tllexer.String, "String");
BaseType = tllexer.token("boolean", "boolean") +
tllexer.token("number", "number") +
tllexer.token("string", "string") +
tllexer.token("integer", "integer");
NilType = tllexer.token("nil", "nil");
ValueType = tllexer.token("value", "value");
AnyType = tllexer.token("any", "any");
SelfType = tllexer.token("self", "self");
FunctionType = lpeg.V("InputType") * tllexer.symb("->") * tllexer.try(lpeg.V("NilableTuple"), "FunctionType");
MethodType = lpeg.V("InputType") * tllexer.symb("=>") * tllexer.try(lpeg.V("NilableTuple"), "MethodType");
InputType = tllexer.symb("(") * lpeg.V("TupleType")^-1 * tllexer.try(tllexer.symb(")"), "MissingCP");
NilableTuple = lpeg.V("UnionlistType") * tllexer.symb("?")^-1;
UnionlistType = lpeg.V("OutputType") * (tllexer.symb("|") * tllexer.try(lpeg.V("OutputType"), "UnionType"))^0;
OutputType = tllexer.symb("(") * lpeg.V("TupleType")^-1 * tllexer.try(tllexer.symb(")"), "MissingCP");
TupleType = lpeg.V("Type") * (tllexer.symb(",") * tllexer.try(lpeg.V("Type"), "TupleType"))^0 * tllexer.symb("*")^-1;
TableType = tllexer.symb("{") * lpeg.V("TableTypeBody")^-1 * tllexer.try(tllexer.symb("}"), "MissingCC");
TableTypeBody = lpeg.V("RecordType") +
lpeg.V("HashType") +
lpeg.V("ArrayType");
RecordType = lpeg.V("RecordField") * (tllexer.symb(",") * lpeg.V("RecordField"))^0 *
(tllexer.symb(",") * (lpeg.V("HashType") + lpeg.V("ArrayType")))^-1;
RecordField = tllexer.kw("const")^-1 *
lpeg.V("LiteralType") * tllexer.symb(":") * tllexer.try(lpeg.V("Type"), "Type");
HashType = lpeg.V("KeyType") * tllexer.symb(":") * tllexer.try(lpeg.V("FieldType"), "Type");
ArrayType = lpeg.V("FieldType");
KeyType = lpeg.V("BaseType") + lpeg.V("ValueType") + lpeg.V("AnyType");
FieldType = lpeg.V("Type");
VariableType = tllexer.token(tllexer.Name, "Name");
RetType = lpeg.V("NilableTuple") +
lpeg.V("Type");
Id = tllexer.token(tllexer.Name, "Name");
TypeDecId = (tllexer.kw("const") * lpeg.V("Id")) +
lpeg.V("Id");
IdList = lpeg.V("TypeDecId") * (tllexer.symb(",") * tllexer.try(lpeg.V("TypeDecId"), "TupleType"))^0;
IdDec = lpeg.V("IdList") * tllexer.symb(":") * tllexer.try((lpeg.V("Type") + lpeg.V("MethodType")), "Type");
IdDecList = (lpeg.V("IdDec")^1)^-1;
TypeDec = tllexer.token(tllexer.Name, "Name") * lpeg.V("IdDecList") * tllexer.try(tllexer.kw("end"), "TypeDecEnd");
Interface = tllexer.kw("interface") * lpeg.V("TypeDec") +
tllexer.kw("typealias") *
tllexer.try(tllexer.token(tllexer.Name, "Name"), "TypeAliasName") *
tllexer.try(tllexer.symb("="), "MissingEqTypeAlias") * lpeg.V("Type");
-- parser
Chunk = lpeg.V("Block");
StatList = (tllexer.symb(";") + lpeg.V("Stat"))^0;
Var = lpeg.V("Id");
TypedId = tllexer.token(tllexer.Name, "Name") * (tllexer.symb(":") * tllexer.try(lpeg.V("Type"), "Type"))^-1;
FunctionDef = tllexer.kw("function") * lpeg.V("FuncBody");
FieldSep = tllexer.symb(",") + tllexer.symb(";");
Field = ((tllexer.symb("[") * lpeg.V("Expr") * tllexer.try(tllexer.symb("]"), "MissingCB")) +
(tllexer.token(tllexer.Name, "Name"))) *
tllexer.symb("=") * lpeg.V("Expr") +
lpeg.V("Expr");
TField = (tllexer.kw("const") * lpeg.V("Field")) +
lpeg.V("Field");
FieldList = (lpeg.V("TField") * (lpeg.V("FieldSep") * lpeg.V("TField"))^0 *
lpeg.V("FieldSep")^-1)^-1;
Constructor = tllexer.symb("{") * lpeg.V("FieldList") * tllexer.try(tllexer.symb("}"), "MissingCC");
NameList = lpeg.V("TypedId") * (tllexer.symb(",") * lpeg.V("TypedId"))^0;
ExpList = lpeg.V("Expr") * (tllexer.symb(",") * lpeg.V("Expr"))^0;
FuncArgs = tllexer.symb("(") *
(lpeg.V("Expr") * (tllexer.symb(",") * lpeg.V("Expr"))^0)^-1 *
tllexer.try(tllexer.symb(")"), "MissingCP") +
lpeg.V("Constructor") +
tllexer.token(tllexer.String, "String");
OrOp = tllexer.kw("or");
AndOp = tllexer.kw("and");
RelOp = tllexer.symb("~=") +
tllexer.symb("==") +
tllexer.symb("<=") +
tllexer.symb(">=") +
tllexer.symb("<") +
tllexer.symb(">");
BOrOp = tllexer.symb("|");
BXorOp = tllexer.symb("~") * -lpeg.P("=");
BAndOp = tllexer.symb("&");
ShiftOp = tllexer.symb("<<") +
tllexer.symb(">>");
ConOp = tllexer.symb("..");
AddOp = tllexer.symb("+") +
tllexer.symb("-");
MulOp = tllexer.symb("*") +
tllexer.symb("//") +
tllexer.symb("/") +
tllexer.symb("%");
UnOp = tllexer.kw("not") +
tllexer.symb("-") +
tllexer.symb("~") +
tllexer.symb("#");
PowOp = tllexer.symb("^");
Expr = lpeg.V("SubExpr_1");
SubExpr_1 = chainl1(lpeg.V("SubExpr_2"), lpeg.V("OrOp"), "SubExpr_1");
SubExpr_2 = chainl1(lpeg.V("SubExpr_3"), lpeg.V("AndOp"), "SubExpr_2");
SubExpr_3 = chainl1(lpeg.V("SubExpr_4"), lpeg.V("RelOp"), "SubExpr_3");
SubExpr_4 = chainl1(lpeg.V("SubExpr_5"), lpeg.V("BOrOp"), "SubExpr_4");
SubExpr_5 = chainl1(lpeg.V("SubExpr_6"), lpeg.V("BXorOp"), "SubExpr_5");
SubExpr_6 = chainl1(lpeg.V("SubExpr_7"), lpeg.V("BAndOp"), "SubExpr_6");
SubExpr_7 = chainl1(lpeg.V("SubExpr_8"), lpeg.V("ShiftOp"), "SubExpr_7");
SubExpr_8 = lpeg.V("SubExpr_9") * lpeg.V("ConOp") * tllexer.try(lpeg.V("SubExpr_8"), "SubExpr_8") +
lpeg.V("SubExpr_9");
SubExpr_9 = chainl1(lpeg.V("SubExpr_10"), lpeg.V("AddOp"), "SubExpr_9");
SubExpr_10 = chainl1(lpeg.V("SubExpr_11"), lpeg.V("MulOp"), "SubExpr_10");
SubExpr_11 = lpeg.V("UnOp") * tllexer.try(lpeg.V("SubExpr_11"), "SubExpr_11") +
lpeg.V("SubExpr_12");
SubExpr_12 = lpeg.V("SimpleExp") * (lpeg.V("PowOp") * tllexer.try(lpeg.V("SubExpr_11"), "SubExpr_12"))^-1;
SimpleExp = tllexer.token(tllexer.Number, "Number") +
tllexer.token(tllexer.String, "String") +
tllexer.kw("nil") +
tllexer.kw("false") +
tllexer.kw("true") +
tllexer.symb("...") +
lpeg.V("FunctionDef") +
lpeg.V("Constructor") +
lpeg.V("SuffixedExp");
SuffixedExp = lpeg.V("PrimaryExp") * (
(tllexer.symb(".") * tllexer.try(tllexer.token(tllexer.Name, "Name"), "DotIndex")) / "index" +
(tllexer.symb("[") * lpeg.V("Expr") * tllexer.try(tllexer.symb("]"), "MissingCB")) / "index" +
(tllexer.symb(":") * tllexer.try(tllexer.token(tllexer.Name, "Name"), "MethodName") * tllexer.try(lpeg.V("FuncArgs"), "MethodCall")) / "call" +
lpeg.V("FuncArgs") / "call")^0 / function (...) local l = {...}; return l[#l] end;
PrimaryExp = lpeg.V("Var") / "var" +
tllexer.symb("(") * lpeg.V("Expr") * tllexer.try(tllexer.symb(")"), "MissingCP");
Block = lpeg.V("StatList") * lpeg.V("RetStat")^-1;
IfStat = tllexer.kw("if") * lpeg.V("Expr") * tllexer.try(tllexer.kw("then"), "Then") * lpeg.V("Block") *
(tllexer.kw("elseif") * tllexer.try(lpeg.V("Expr"), "ElseIf") * tllexer.try(tllexer.kw("then"), "Then") * lpeg.V("Block"))^0 *
(tllexer.kw("else") * lpeg.V("Block"))^-1 *
tllexer.try(tllexer.kw("end"), "IfEnd");
WhileStat = tllexer.kw("while") * lpeg.V("Expr") *
tllexer.try(tllexer.kw("do"), "WhileDo") * lpeg.V("Block") * tllexer.try(tllexer.kw("end"), "WhileEnd");
DoStat = tllexer.kw("do") * lpeg.V("Block") * tllexer.try(tllexer.kw("end"), "BlockEnd");
ForBody = tllexer.try(tllexer.kw("do"), "ForDo") * lpeg.V("Block");
ForNum = lpeg.V("Id") * tllexer.symb("=") * lpeg.V("Expr") * tllexer.symb(",") *
lpeg.V("Expr") * (tllexer.symb(",") * lpeg.V("Expr"))^-1 *
lpeg.V("ForBody");
ForGen = lpeg.V("NameList") * tllexer.try(tllexer.kw("in"), "ForGen") *
lpeg.V("ExpList") * lpeg.V("ForBody");
ForStat = tllexer.kw("for") * (lpeg.V("ForNum") + lpeg.V("ForGen")) * tllexer.try(tllexer.kw("end"), "ForEnd");
RepeatStat = tllexer.kw("repeat") * lpeg.V("Block") *
tllexer.try(tllexer.kw("until"), "Until") * lpeg.V("Expr");
FuncName = lpeg.V("Id") * (tllexer.symb(".") *
(tllexer.token(tllexer.Name, "Name")))^0 *
(tllexer.symb(":") * (tllexer.token(tllexer.Name, "Name")))^-1;
ParList = lpeg.V("NameList") * (tllexer.symb(",") * tllexer.try(lpeg.V("TypedVarArg"), "ParList"))^-1 +
lpeg.V("TypedVarArg");
TypedVarArg = tllexer.symb("...") * (tllexer.symb(":") * tllexer.try(lpeg.V("Type"), "Type"))^-1;
FuncBody = tllexer.try(tllexer.symb("("), "MissingOP") * lpeg.V("ParList")^-1 * tllexer.try(tllexer.symb(")"), "MissingCP") *
(tllexer.symb(":") * tllexer.try(lpeg.V("RetType"), "Type"))^-1 *
lpeg.V("Block") * tllexer.try(tllexer.kw("end"), "FuncEnd");
FuncStat = tllexer.kw("const")^-1 *
tllexer.kw("function") * lpeg.V("FuncName") * lpeg.V("FuncBody");
LocalFunc = tllexer.kw("function") *
tllexer.try(lpeg.V("Id"), "LocalFunc") * lpeg.V("FuncBody");
LocalAssign = lpeg.V("NameList") * tllexer.symb("=") * tllexer.try(lpeg.V("ExpList"), "LocalAssign1") +
lpeg.V("NameList") * (#(-tllexer.symb("=") * (lpeg.V("Stat") + -1)) * lpeg.P(true)) + lpeg.T(tlerror.labels["LocalAssign2"]);
LocalStat = tllexer.kw("local") *
(lpeg.V("LocalTypeDec") + lpeg.V("LocalFunc") + lpeg.V("LocalAssign"));
LabelStat = tllexer.symb("::") * tllexer.try(tllexer.token(tllexer.Name, "Name"), "Label1") * tllexer.try(tllexer.symb("::"), "Label2");
BreakStat = tllexer.kw("break");
GoToStat = tllexer.kw("goto") * tllexer.token(tllexer.Name, "Name");
RetStat = tllexer.kw("return") * tllexer.try(-lpeg.V("Stat"), "RetStat") *
(lpeg.V("Expr") * (tllexer.symb(",") * lpeg.V("Expr"))^0)^-1 *
tllexer.symb(";")^-1;
TypeDecStat = lpeg.V("Interface");
LocalTypeDec = lpeg.V("TypeDecStat");
LVar = (tllexer.kw("const") * lpeg.V("SuffixedExp")) +
lpeg.V("SuffixedExp");
ExprStat = lpeg.Cmt(lpeg.V("LVar") * lpeg.V("Assignment"),
function (s, i, ...)
local l = {...}
local i = 1
while l[i] ~= "=" do
local se = l[i]
if se ~= "var" and se ~= "index" then return false end
i = i + 1
end
return true
end) +
lpeg.Cmt(lpeg.V("SuffixedExp"),
function (s, i, se)
if se ~= "call" then return false end
return true
end);
Assignment = ((tllexer.symb(",") * lpeg.V("LVar"))^1)^-1 * (tllexer.symb("=") / "=") * lpeg.V("ExpList");
Stat = lpeg.V("IfStat") + lpeg.V("WhileStat") + lpeg.V("DoStat") + lpeg.V("ForStat") +
lpeg.V("RepeatStat") + lpeg.V("FuncStat") + lpeg.V("LocalStat") +
lpeg.V("LabelStat") + lpeg.V("BreakStat") + lpeg.V("GoToStat") +
lpeg.V("TypeDecStat") + lpeg.V("ExprStat");
}
local function lineno (s, i)
if i == 1 then return 1, 1 end
local rest, num = s:sub(1,i):gsub("[^\n]*\n", "")
local r = #rest
return 1 + num, r ~= 0 and r or 1
end
function tlparser.parse (subject, filename, strict, integer)
local errorinfo = {}
lpeg.setmaxstack(1000)
local ast, label, suffix = lpeg.match(G, subject, nil, errorinfo, strict, integer)
if not ast then
local line, col = lineno(subject, string.len(subject) - string.len(suffix))
local error_msg = string.format("%s:%d:%d: ", filename, line, col)
if label ~= 0 then
error_msg = error_msg .. tlerror.errors[label].msg
else
local u = lpeg.match(lpeg.C(tllexer.OneWord) + lpeg.Cc("EOF"), subject, errorinfo.ffp)
error_msg = error_msg .. string.format("unexpected '%s', expecting %s", u, errorinfo.expected)
end
return nil, error_msg
else
return true
end
end
return tlparser

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/*
** $Id: lpcap.c,v 1.6 2015/06/15 16:09:57 roberto Exp $
** Copyright 2007, Lua.org & PUC-Rio (see 'lpeg.html' for license)
*/
#include "lua.h"
#include "lauxlib.h"
#include "lpcap.h"
#include "lptypes.h"
#define captype(cap) ((cap)->kind)
#define isclosecap(cap) (captype(cap) == Cclose)
#define closeaddr(c) ((c)->s + (c)->siz - 1)
#define isfullcap(cap) ((cap)->siz != 0)
#define getfromktable(cs,v) lua_rawgeti((cs)->L, ktableidx((cs)->ptop), v)
#define pushluaval(cs) getfromktable(cs, (cs)->cap->idx)
/*
** Put at the cache for Lua values the value indexed by 'v' in ktable
** of the running pattern (if it is not there yet); returns its index.
*/
static int updatecache (CapState *cs, int v) {
int idx = cs->ptop + 1; /* stack index of cache for Lua values */
if (v != cs->valuecached) { /* not there? */
getfromktable(cs, v); /* get value from 'ktable' */
lua_replace(cs->L, idx); /* put it at reserved stack position */
cs->valuecached = v; /* keep track of what is there */
}
return idx;
}
static int pushcapture (CapState *cs);
/*
** Goes back in a list of captures looking for an open capture
** corresponding to a close
*/
static Capture *findopen (Capture *cap) {
int n = 0; /* number of closes waiting an open */
for (;;) {
cap--;
if (isclosecap(cap)) n++; /* one more open to skip */
else if (!isfullcap(cap))
if (n-- == 0) return cap;
}
}
/*
** Go to the next capture
*/
static void nextcap (CapState *cs) {
Capture *cap = cs->cap;
if (!isfullcap(cap)) { /* not a single capture? */
int n = 0; /* number of opens waiting a close */
for (;;) { /* look for corresponding close */
cap++;
if (isclosecap(cap)) {
if (n-- == 0) break;
}
else if (!isfullcap(cap)) n++;
}
}
cs->cap = cap + 1; /* + 1 to skip last close (or entire single capture) */
}
/*
** Push on the Lua stack all values generated by nested captures inside
** the current capture. Returns number of values pushed. 'addextra'
** makes it push the entire match after all captured values. The
** entire match is pushed also if there are no other nested values,
** so the function never returns zero.
*/
static int pushnestedvalues (CapState *cs, int addextra) {
Capture *co = cs->cap;
if (isfullcap(cs->cap++)) { /* no nested captures? */
lua_pushlstring(cs->L, co->s, co->siz - 1); /* push whole match */
return 1; /* that is it */
}
else {
int n = 0;
while (!isclosecap(cs->cap)) /* repeat for all nested patterns */
n += pushcapture(cs);
if (addextra || n == 0) { /* need extra? */
lua_pushlstring(cs->L, co->s, cs->cap->s - co->s); /* push whole match */
n++;
}
cs->cap++; /* skip close entry */
return n;
}
}
/*
** Push only the first value generated by nested captures
*/
static void pushonenestedvalue (CapState *cs) {
int n = pushnestedvalues(cs, 0);
if (n > 1)
lua_pop(cs->L, n - 1); /* pop extra values */
}
/*
** Try to find a named group capture with the name given at the top of
** the stack; goes backward from 'cap'.
*/
static Capture *findback (CapState *cs, Capture *cap) {
lua_State *L = cs->L;
while (cap-- > cs->ocap) { /* repeat until end of list */
if (isclosecap(cap))
cap = findopen(cap); /* skip nested captures */
else if (!isfullcap(cap))
continue; /* opening an enclosing capture: skip and get previous */
if (captype(cap) == Cgroup) {
getfromktable(cs, cap->idx); /* get group name */
if (lp_equal(L, -2, -1)) { /* right group? */
lua_pop(L, 2); /* remove reference name and group name */
return cap;
}
else lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove group name */
}
}
luaL_error(L, "back reference '%s' not found", lua_tostring(L, -1));
return NULL; /* to avoid warnings */
}
/*
** Back-reference capture. Return number of values pushed.
*/
static int backrefcap (CapState *cs) {
int n;
Capture *curr = cs->cap;
pushluaval(cs); /* reference name */
cs->cap = findback(cs, curr); /* find corresponding group */
n = pushnestedvalues(cs, 0); /* push group's values */
cs->cap = curr + 1;
return n;
}
/*
** Table capture: creates a new table and populates it with nested
** captures.
*/
static int tablecap (CapState *cs) {
lua_State *L = cs->L;
int n = 0;
lua_newtable(L);
if (isfullcap(cs->cap++))
return 1; /* table is empty */
while (!isclosecap(cs->cap)) {
if (captype(cs->cap) == Cgroup && cs->cap->idx != 0) { /* named group? */
pushluaval(cs); /* push group name */
pushonenestedvalue(cs);
lua_settable(L, -3);
}
else { /* not a named group */
int i;
int k = pushcapture(cs);
for (i = k; i > 0; i--) /* store all values into table */
lua_rawseti(L, -(i + 1), n + i);
n += k;
}
}
cs->cap++; /* skip close entry */
return 1; /* number of values pushed (only the table) */
}
/*
** Table-query capture
*/
static int querycap (CapState *cs) {
int idx = cs->cap->idx;
pushonenestedvalue(cs); /* get nested capture */
lua_gettable(cs->L, updatecache(cs, idx)); /* query cap. value at table */
if (!lua_isnil(cs->L, -1))
return 1;
else { /* no value */
lua_pop(cs->L, 1); /* remove nil */
return 0;
}
}
/*
** Fold capture
*/
static int foldcap (CapState *cs) {
int n;
lua_State *L = cs->L;
int idx = cs->cap->idx;
if (isfullcap(cs->cap++) || /* no nested captures? */
isclosecap(cs->cap) || /* no nested captures (large subject)? */
(n = pushcapture(cs)) == 0) /* nested captures with no values? */
return luaL_error(L, "no initial value for fold capture");
if (n > 1)
lua_pop(L, n - 1); /* leave only one result for accumulator */
while (!isclosecap(cs->cap)) {
lua_pushvalue(L, updatecache(cs, idx)); /* get folding function */
lua_insert(L, -2); /* put it before accumulator */
n = pushcapture(cs); /* get next capture's values */
lua_call(L, n + 1, 1); /* call folding function */
}
cs->cap++; /* skip close entry */
return 1; /* only accumulator left on the stack */
}
/*
** Function capture
*/
static int functioncap (CapState *cs) {
int n;
int top = lua_gettop(cs->L);
pushluaval(cs); /* push function */
n = pushnestedvalues(cs, 0); /* push nested captures */
lua_call(cs->L, n, LUA_MULTRET); /* call function */
return lua_gettop(cs->L) - top; /* return function's results */
}
/*
** Select capture
*/
static int numcap (CapState *cs) {
int idx = cs->cap->idx; /* value to select */
if (idx == 0) { /* no values? */
nextcap(cs); /* skip entire capture */
return 0; /* no value produced */
}
else {
int n = pushnestedvalues(cs, 0);
if (n < idx) /* invalid index? */
return luaL_error(cs->L, "no capture '%d'", idx);
else {
lua_pushvalue(cs->L, -(n - idx + 1)); /* get selected capture */
lua_replace(cs->L, -(n + 1)); /* put it in place of 1st capture */
lua_pop(cs->L, n - 1); /* remove other captures */
return 1;
}
}
}
/*
** Return the stack index of the first runtime capture in the given
** list of captures (or zero if no runtime captures)
*/
int finddyncap (Capture *cap, Capture *last) {
for (; cap < last; cap++) {
if (cap->kind == Cruntime)
return cap->idx; /* stack position of first capture */
}
return 0; /* no dynamic captures in this segment */
}
/*
** Calls a runtime capture. Returns number of captures removed by
** the call, including the initial Cgroup. (Captures to be added are
** on the Lua stack.)
*/
int runtimecap (CapState *cs, Capture *close, const char *s, int *rem) {
int n, id;
lua_State *L = cs->L;
int otop = lua_gettop(L);
Capture *open = findopen(close);
assert(captype(open) == Cgroup);
id = finddyncap(open, close); /* get first dynamic capture argument */
close->kind = Cclose; /* closes the group */
close->s = s;
cs->cap = open; cs->valuecached = 0; /* prepare capture state */
luaL_checkstack(L, 4, "too many runtime captures");
pushluaval(cs); /* push function to be called */
lua_pushvalue(L, SUBJIDX); /* push original subject */
lua_pushinteger(L, s - cs->s + 1); /* push current position */
n = pushnestedvalues(cs, 0); /* push nested captures */
lua_call(L, n + 2, LUA_MULTRET); /* call dynamic function */
if (id > 0) { /* are there old dynamic captures to be removed? */
int i;
for (i = id; i <= otop; i++)
lua_remove(L, id); /* remove old dynamic captures */
*rem = otop - id + 1; /* total number of dynamic captures removed */
}
else
*rem = 0; /* no dynamic captures removed */
return close - open; /* number of captures of all kinds removed */
}
/*
** Auxiliary structure for substitution and string captures: keep
** information about nested captures for future use, avoiding to push
** string results into Lua
*/
typedef struct StrAux {
int isstring; /* whether capture is a string */
union {
Capture *cp; /* if not a string, respective capture */
struct { /* if it is a string... */
const char *s; /* ... starts here */
const char *e; /* ... ends here */
} s;
} u;
} StrAux;
#define MAXSTRCAPS 10
/*
** Collect values from current capture into array 'cps'. Current
** capture must be Cstring (first call) or Csimple (recursive calls).
** (In first call, fills %0 with whole match for Cstring.)
** Returns number of elements in the array that were filled.
*/
static int getstrcaps (CapState *cs, StrAux *cps, int n) {
int k = n++;
cps[k].isstring = 1; /* get string value */
cps[k].u.s.s = cs->cap->s; /* starts here */
if (!isfullcap(cs->cap++)) { /* nested captures? */
while (!isclosecap(cs->cap)) { /* traverse them */
if (n >= MAXSTRCAPS) /* too many captures? */
nextcap(cs); /* skip extra captures (will not need them) */
else if (captype(cs->cap) == Csimple) /* string? */
n = getstrcaps(cs, cps, n); /* put info. into array */
else {
cps[n].isstring = 0; /* not a string */
cps[n].u.cp = cs->cap; /* keep original capture */
nextcap(cs);
n++;
}
}
cs->cap++; /* skip close */
}
cps[k].u.s.e = closeaddr(cs->cap - 1); /* ends here */
return n;
}
/*
** add next capture value (which should be a string) to buffer 'b'
*/
static int addonestring (luaL_Buffer *b, CapState *cs, const char *what);
/*
** String capture: add result to buffer 'b' (instead of pushing
** it into the stack)
*/
static void stringcap (luaL_Buffer *b, CapState *cs) {
StrAux cps[MAXSTRCAPS];
int n;
size_t len, i;
const char *fmt; /* format string */
fmt = lua_tolstring(cs->L, updatecache(cs, cs->cap->idx), &len);
n = getstrcaps(cs, cps, 0) - 1; /* collect nested captures */
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) { /* traverse them */
if (fmt[i] != '%') /* not an escape? */
luaL_addchar(b, fmt[i]); /* add it to buffer */
else if (fmt[++i] < '0' || fmt[i] > '9') /* not followed by a digit? */
luaL_addchar(b, fmt[i]); /* add to buffer */
else {
int l = fmt[i] - '0'; /* capture index */
if (l > n)
luaL_error(cs->L, "invalid capture index (%d)", l);
else if (cps[l].isstring)
luaL_addlstring(b, cps[l].u.s.s, cps[l].u.s.e - cps[l].u.s.s);
else {
Capture *curr = cs->cap;
cs->cap = cps[l].u.cp; /* go back to evaluate that nested capture */
if (!addonestring(b, cs, "capture"))
luaL_error(cs->L, "no values in capture index %d", l);
cs->cap = curr; /* continue from where it stopped */
}
}
}
}
/*
** Substitution capture: add result to buffer 'b'
*/
static void substcap (luaL_Buffer *b, CapState *cs) {
const char *curr = cs->cap->s;
if (isfullcap(cs->cap)) /* no nested captures? */
luaL_addlstring(b, curr, cs->cap->siz - 1); /* keep original text */
else {
cs->cap++; /* skip open entry */
while (!isclosecap(cs->cap)) { /* traverse nested captures */
const char *next = cs->cap->s;
luaL_addlstring(b, curr, next - curr); /* add text up to capture */
if (addonestring(b, cs, "replacement"))
curr = closeaddr(cs->cap - 1); /* continue after match */
else /* no capture value */
curr = next; /* keep original text in final result */
}
luaL_addlstring(b, curr, cs->cap->s - curr); /* add last piece of text */
}
cs->cap++; /* go to next capture */
}
/*
** Evaluates a capture and adds its first value to buffer 'b'; returns
** whether there was a value
*/
static int addonestring (luaL_Buffer *b, CapState *cs, const char *what) {
switch (captype(cs->cap)) {
case Cstring:
stringcap(b, cs); /* add capture directly to buffer */
return 1;
case Csubst:
substcap(b, cs); /* add capture directly to buffer */
return 1;
default: {
lua_State *L = cs->L;
int n = pushcapture(cs);
if (n > 0) {
if (n > 1) lua_pop(L, n - 1); /* only one result */
if (!lua_isstring(L, -1))
luaL_error(L, "invalid %s value (a %s)", what, luaL_typename(L, -1));
luaL_addvalue(b);
}
return n;
}
}
}
/*
** Push all values of the current capture into the stack; returns
** number of values pushed
*/
static int pushcapture (CapState *cs) {
lua_State *L = cs->L;
luaL_checkstack(L, 4, "too many captures");
switch (captype(cs->cap)) {
case Cposition: {
lua_pushinteger(L, cs->cap->s - cs->s + 1);
cs->cap++;
return 1;
}
case Cconst: {
pushluaval(cs);
cs->cap++;
return 1;
}
case Carg: {
int arg = (cs->cap++)->idx;
if (arg + FIXEDARGS > cs->ptop)
return luaL_error(L, "reference to absent extra argument #%d", arg);
lua_pushvalue(L, arg + FIXEDARGS);
return 1;
}
case Csimple: {
int k = pushnestedvalues(cs, 1);
lua_insert(L, -k); /* make whole match be first result */
return k;
}
case Cruntime: {
lua_pushvalue(L, (cs->cap++)->idx); /* value is in the stack */
return 1;
}
case Cstring: {
luaL_Buffer b;
luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
stringcap(&b, cs);
luaL_pushresult(&b);
return 1;
}
case Csubst: {
luaL_Buffer b;
luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
substcap(&b, cs);
luaL_pushresult(&b);
return 1;
}
case Cgroup: {
if (cs->cap->idx == 0) /* anonymous group? */
return pushnestedvalues(cs, 0); /* add all nested values */
else { /* named group: add no values */
nextcap(cs); /* skip capture */
return 0;
}
}
case Cbackref: return backrefcap(cs);
case Ctable: return tablecap(cs);
case Cfunction: return functioncap(cs);
case Cnum: return numcap(cs);
case Cquery: return querycap(cs);
case Cfold: return foldcap(cs);
default: assert(0); return 0;
}
}
/*
** Prepare a CapState structure and traverse the entire list of
** captures in the stack pushing its results. 's' is the subject
** string, 'r' is the final position of the match, and 'ptop'
** the index in the stack where some useful values were pushed.
** Returns the number of results pushed. (If the list produces no
** results, push the final position of the match.)
*/
int getcaptures (lua_State *L, const char *s, const char *r, int ptop) {
Capture *capture = (Capture *)lua_touserdata(L, caplistidx(ptop));
int n = 0;
if (!isclosecap(capture)) { /* is there any capture? */
CapState cs;
cs.ocap = cs.cap = capture; cs.L = L;
cs.s = s; cs.valuecached = 0; cs.ptop = ptop;
do { /* collect their values */
n += pushcapture(&cs);
} while (!isclosecap(cs.cap));
}
if (n == 0) { /* no capture values? */
lua_pushinteger(L, r - s + 1); /* return only end position */
n = 1;
}
return n;
}

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/*
** $Id: lpcap.h,v 1.2 2015/02/27 17:13:17 roberto Exp $
*/
#if !defined(lpcap_h)
#define lpcap_h
#include "lptypes.h"
/* kinds of captures */
typedef enum CapKind {
Cclose, Cposition, Cconst, Cbackref, Carg, Csimple, Ctable, Cfunction,
Cquery, Cstring, Cnum, Csubst, Cfold, Cruntime, Cgroup
} CapKind;
typedef struct Capture {
const char *s; /* subject position */
unsigned short idx; /* extra info (group name, arg index, etc.) */
byte kind; /* kind of capture */
byte siz; /* size of full capture + 1 (0 = not a full capture) */
} Capture;
typedef struct CapState {
Capture *cap; /* current capture */
Capture *ocap; /* (original) capture list */
lua_State *L;
int ptop; /* index of last argument to 'match' */
const char *s; /* original string */
int valuecached; /* value stored in cache slot */
} CapState;
int runtimecap (CapState *cs, Capture *close, const char *s, int *rem);
int getcaptures (lua_State *L, const char *s, const char *r, int ptop);
int finddyncap (Capture *cap, Capture *last);
#endif

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/*
** $Id: lpcode.h,v 1.7 2015/06/12 18:24:45 roberto Exp $
*/
#if !defined(lpcode_h)
#define lpcode_h
#include "lua.h"
#include "lptypes.h"
#include "lptree.h"
#include "lpvm.h"
int tocharset (TTree *tree, Charset *cs);
int checkaux (TTree *tree, int pred);
int fixedlenx (TTree *tree, int count, int len);
int hascaptures (TTree *tree);
int lp_gc (lua_State *L);
Instruction *compile (lua_State *L, Pattern *p);
void realloccode (lua_State *L, Pattern *p, int nsize);
int sizei (const Instruction *i);
#define PEnullable 0
#define PEnofail 1
/*
** nofail(t) implies that 't' cannot fail with any input
*/
#define nofail(t) checkaux(t, PEnofail)
/*
** (not nullable(t)) implies 't' cannot match without consuming
** something
*/
#define nullable(t) checkaux(t, PEnullable)
#define fixedlen(t) fixedlenx(t, 0, 0)
#endif

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/*
** $Id: lpprint.c,v 1.9 2015/06/15 16:09:57 roberto Exp $
** Copyright 2007, Lua.org & PUC-Rio (see 'lpeg.html' for license)
*/
#include <ctype.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "lptypes.h"
#include "lpprint.h"
#include "lpcode.h"
#if defined(LPEG_DEBUG)
/*
** {======================================================
** Printing patterns (for debugging)
** =======================================================
*/
void printcharset (const byte *st) {
int i;
printf("[");
for (i = 0; i <= UCHAR_MAX; i++) {
int first = i;
while (testchar(st, i) && i <= UCHAR_MAX) i++;
if (i - 1 == first) /* unary range? */
printf("(%02x)", first);
else if (i - 1 > first) /* non-empty range? */
printf("(%02x-%02x)", first, i - 1);
}
printf("]");
}
static void printcapkind (int kind) {
const char *const modes[] = {
"close", "position", "constant", "backref",
"argument", "simple", "table", "function",
"query", "string", "num", "substitution", "fold",
"runtime", "group"};
printf("%s", modes[kind]);
}
static void printjmp (const Instruction *op, const Instruction *p) {
printf("-> %d", (int)(p + (p + 1)->offset - op));
}
void printinst (const Instruction *op, const Instruction *p) {
const char *const names[] = {
"any", "char", "set",
"testany", "testchar", "testset",
"span", "behind",
"ret", "end",
"choice", "jmp", "call", "open_call",
"commit", "partial_commit", "back_commit", "failtwice", "fail", "giveup",
"fullcapture", "opencapture", "closecapture", "closeruntime",
"throw", "recovery" /* labeled failure */
};
printf("%02ld: %s ", (long)(p - op), names[p->i.code]);
switch ((Opcode)p->i.code) {
case IChar: {
printf("'%c'", p->i.aux);
break;
}
case ITestChar: {
printf("'%c'", p->i.aux); printjmp(op, p);
break;
}
case IFullCapture: {
printcapkind(getkind(p));
printf(" (size = %d) (idx = %d)", getoff(p), p->i.key);
break;
}
case IOpenCapture: {
printcapkind(getkind(p));
printf(" (idx = %d)", p->i.key);
break;
}
case ISet: {
printcharset((p+1)->buff);
break;
}
case ITestSet: {
printcharset((p+2)->buff); printjmp(op, p);
break;
}
case ISpan: {
printcharset((p+1)->buff);
break;
}
case IOpenCall: {
printf("-> %d", (p + 1)->offset);
break;
}
case IBehind: {
printf("%d", p->i.aux);
break;
}
case IJmp: case ICall: case ICommit: case IChoice:
case IPartialCommit: case IBackCommit: case ITestAny: {
printjmp(op, p);
break;
}
case IThrow: { /* labeled failure */
printf("%d", p->i.aux);
break;
}
case IRecov: { /* labeled failure */
printjmp(op, p);
printcharset((p+2)->buff);
break;
}
default: break;
}
printf("\n");
}
void printpatt (Instruction *p, int n) {
Instruction *op = p;
while (p < op + n) {
printinst(op, p);
p += sizei(p);
}
}
#if defined(LPEG_DEBUG)
static void printcap (Capture *cap) {
printcapkind(cap->kind);
printf(" (idx: %d - size: %d) -> %p\n", cap->idx, cap->siz, cap->s);
}
void printcaplist (Capture *cap, Capture *limit) {
printf(">======\n");
for (; cap->s && (limit == NULL || cap < limit); cap++)
printcap(cap);
printf("=======\n");
}
#endif
/* }====================================================== */
/*
** {======================================================
** Printing trees (for debugging)
** =======================================================
*/
static const char *tagnames[] = {
"char", "set", "any",
"true", "false",
"rep",
"seq", "choice",
"not", "and",
"call", "opencall", "rule", "grammar",
"behind",
"capture", "run-time",
"throw", "labeled-choice", "recov" /* labeled failure */
};
void printtree (TTree *tree, int ident) {
int i;
for (i = 0; i < ident; i++) printf(" ");
printf("%s", tagnames[tree->tag]);
switch (tree->tag) {
case TChar: {
int c = tree->u.n;
if (isprint(c))
printf(" '%c'\n", c);
else
printf(" (%02X)\n", c);
break;
}
case TSet: {
printcharset(treebuffer(tree));
printf("\n");
break;
}
case TOpenCall: case TCall: {
printf(" key: %d\n", tree->key);
break;
}
case TBehind: {
printf(" %d\n", tree->u.n);
printtree(sib1(tree), ident + 2);
break;
}
case TCapture: {
printf(" cap: %d key: %d n: %d\n", tree->cap, tree->key, tree->u.n);
printtree(sib1(tree), ident + 2);
break;
}
case TRule: {
printf(" n: %d key: %d\n", tree->cap, tree->key);
printtree(sib1(tree), ident + 2);
break; /* do not print next rule as a sibling */
}
case TGrammar: {
TTree *rule = sib1(tree);
printf(" %d\n", tree->u.n); /* number of rules */
for (i = 0; i < tree->u.n; i++) {
printtree(rule, ident + 2);
rule = sib2(rule);
}
assert(rule->tag == TTrue); /* sentinel */
break;
}
case TThrow: { /* labeled failure */
printf(" labels: %d\n", tree->u.label);
break;
}
default: {
int sibs = numsiblings[tree->tag];
printf("\n");
if (tree->tag == TRecov) { /* labeled failure */
printcharset(treelabelset(tree));
printf("\n");
}
if (sibs >= 1) {
printtree(sib1(tree), ident + 2);
if (sibs >= 2)
printtree(sib2(tree), ident + 2);
}
break;
}
}
}
void printktable (lua_State *L, int idx) {
int n, i;
lua_getuservalue(L, idx);
if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) /* no ktable? */
return;
n = lua_rawlen(L, -1);
printf("[");
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
printf("%d = ", i);
lua_rawgeti(L, -1, i);
if (lua_isstring(L, -1))
printf("%s ", lua_tostring(L, -1));
else
printf("%s ", lua_typename(L, lua_type(L, -1)));
lua_pop(L, 1);
}
printf("]\n");
/* leave ktable at the stack */
}
/* }====================================================== */
#endif

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/*
** $Id: lpprint.h,v 1.2 2015/06/12 18:18:08 roberto Exp $
*/
#if !defined(lpprint_h)
#define lpprint_h
#include "lptree.h"
#include "lpvm.h"
#if defined(LPEG_DEBUG)
void printpatt (Instruction *p, int n);
void printtree (TTree *tree, int ident);
void printktable (lua_State *L, int idx);
void printcharset (const byte *st);
void printcaplist (Capture *cap, Capture *limit);
void printinst (const Instruction *op, const Instruction *p);
#else
#define printktable(L,idx) \
luaL_error(L, "function only implemented in debug mode")
#define printtree(tree,i) \
luaL_error(L, "function only implemented in debug mode")
#define printpatt(p,n) \
luaL_error(L, "function only implemented in debug mode")
#endif
#endif

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/*
** $Id: lptree.h,v 1.2 2013/03/24 13:51:12 roberto Exp $
*/
#if !defined(lptree_h)
#define lptree_h
#include "lptypes.h"
/*
** types of trees
*/
typedef enum TTag {
TChar = 0, TSet, TAny, /* standard PEG elements */
TTrue, TFalse,
TRep,
TSeq, TChoice,
TNot, TAnd,
TCall,
TOpenCall,
TRule, /* sib1 is rule's pattern, sib2 is 'next' rule */
TGrammar, /* sib1 is initial (and first) rule */
TBehind, /* match behind */
TCapture, /* regular capture */
TRunTime, /* run-time capture */
TThrow, TRecov /* labeled failure */
} TTag;
/* number of siblings for each tree */
extern const byte numsiblings[];
/*
** Tree trees
** The first sibling of a tree (if there is one) is immediately after
** the tree. A reference to a second sibling (ps) is its position
** relative to the position of the tree itself. A key in ktable
** uses the (unique) address of the original tree that created that
** entry. NULL means no data.
*/
typedef struct TTree {
byte tag;
byte cap; /* kind of capture (if it is a capture) */
unsigned short key; /* key in ktable for Lua data (0 if no key) */
union {
int n; /* occasional counter */
int label; /* labeled failure */
struct { /* labeled failure */
int ps; /* occasional second sibling */
int plab; /* occasional label set */
} s; /* labeled failure */
} u;
} TTree;
/*
** A complete pattern has its tree plus, if already compiled,
** its corresponding code
*/
typedef struct Pattern {
union Instruction *code;
int codesize;
TTree tree[1];
} Pattern;
/* number of siblings for each tree */
extern const byte numsiblings[];
/* access to siblings */
#define sib1(t) ((t) + 1)
#define sib2(t) ((t) + (t)->u.s.ps)
#endif

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/*
** $Id: lptypes.h,v 1.14 2015/09/28 17:17:41 roberto Exp $
** LPeg - PEG pattern matching for Lua
** Copyright 2007-2015, Lua.org & PUC-Rio (see 'lpeg.html' for license)
** written by Roberto Ierusalimschy
*/
#if !defined(lptypes_h)
#define lptypes_h
#if !defined(LPEG_DEBUG)
#define NDEBUG
#endif
#include <assert.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include "lua.h"
#define VERSION "1.0.0"
#define PATTERN_T "lpeg-pattern"
#define MAXSTACKIDX "lpeg-maxstack"
/*
** compatibility with Lua 5.1
*/
#if (LUA_VERSION_NUM == 501)
#define lp_equal lua_equal
#define lua_getuservalue lua_getfenv
#define lua_setuservalue lua_setfenv
#define lua_rawlen lua_objlen
#define luaL_setfuncs(L,f,n) luaL_register(L,NULL,f)
#define luaL_newlib(L,f) luaL_register(L,"lpeg",f)
#endif
#if !defined(lp_equal)
#define lp_equal(L,idx1,idx2) lua_compare(L,(idx1),(idx2),LUA_OPEQ)
#endif
/* default maximum size for call/backtrack stack */
#if !defined(MAXBACK)
#define MAXBACK 400
#endif
/* maximum number of rules in a grammar */
#if !defined(MAXRULES)
#define MAXRULES 1000
#endif
/* initial size for capture's list */
#define INITCAPSIZE 32
/* index, on Lua stack, for subject */
#define SUBJIDX 2
/* number of fixed arguments to 'match' (before capture arguments) */
#define FIXEDARGS 3
/* index, on Lua stack, for capture list */
#define caplistidx(ptop) ((ptop) + 2)
/* index, on Lua stack, for pattern's ktable */
#define ktableidx(ptop) ((ptop) + 3)
/* index, on Lua stack, for backtracking stack */
#define stackidx(ptop) ((ptop) + 4)
typedef unsigned char byte;
#define BITSPERCHAR 8
#define CHARSETSIZE ((UCHAR_MAX/BITSPERCHAR) + 1)
typedef struct Charset {
byte cs[CHARSETSIZE];
} Charset;
#define loopset(v,b) { int v; for (v = 0; v < CHARSETSIZE; v++) {b;} }
/* access to charset */
#define treebuffer(t) ((byte *)((t) + 1))
/* number of slots needed for 'n' bytes */
#define bytes2slots(n) (((n) - 1) / sizeof(TTree) + 1)
/* set 'b' bit in charset 'cs' */
#define setchar(cs,b) ((cs)[(b) >> 3] |= (1 << ((b) & 7)))
/*
** in capture instructions, 'kind' of capture and its offset are
** packed in field 'aux', 4 bits for each
*/
#define getkind(op) ((op)->i.aux & 0xF)
#define getoff(op) (((op)->i.aux >> 4) & 0xF)
#define joinkindoff(k,o) ((k) | ((o) << 4))
#define MAXOFF 0xF
#define MAXAUX 0xFF
/* maximum number of bytes to look behind */
#define MAXBEHIND MAXAUX
/* maximum size (in elements) for a pattern */
#define MAXPATTSIZE (SHRT_MAX - 10)
/* size (in elements) for an instruction plus extra l bytes */
#define instsize(l) (((l) + sizeof(Instruction) - 1)/sizeof(Instruction) + 1)
/* size (in elements) for a ISet instruction */
#define CHARSETINSTSIZE instsize(CHARSETSIZE)
/* size (in elements) for a IFunc instruction */
#define funcinstsize(p) ((p)->i.aux + 2)
#define testchar(st,c) (((int)(st)[((c) >> 3)] & (1 << ((c) & 7))))
/* labeled failure begin */
#define MAXLABELS (UCHAR_MAX + 1)
#define LABELSETSIZE CHARSETSIZE
typedef Charset Labelset;
#define setlabel setchar
#define testlabel testchar
/* access to labelset */
#define treelabelset(t) ((byte *)((t) + (t)->u.s.plab))
#define IDXLFAIL 0
#define LFAIL 0
/* update the farthest failure */
#define updatefarthest(s1,s2) { if ((s2) > (s1)) s1 = s2; }
/* labeled failure end */
#endif

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/*
** $Id: lpvm.c,v 1.6 2015/09/28 17:01:25 roberto Exp $
** Copyright 2007, Lua.org & PUC-Rio (see 'lpeg.html' for license)
*/
#include <limits.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "lua.h"
#include "lauxlib.h"
#include "lpcap.h"
#include "lptypes.h"
#include "lpvm.h"
#include "lpprint.h"
/* initial size for call/backtrack stack */
#if !defined(INITBACK)
#define INITBACK MAXBACK
#endif
#define getoffset(p) (((p) + 1)->offset)
static const Instruction giveup = {{IGiveup, 0, 0}};
/* labeled failure */
static void setlabelfail(Labelset *ls) {
loopset(i, ls->cs[i] = 0);
ls->cs[IDXLFAIL] = 1;
}
/* labeled failure end */
/*
** {======================================================
** Virtual Machine
** =======================================================
*/
typedef struct Stack {
const char *s; /* saved position (or NULL for calls) */
const Instruction *p; /* next instruction */
const Labelset *ls; /* labeled failure */
int caplevel;
} Stack;
#define getstackbase(L, ptop) ((Stack *)lua_touserdata(L, stackidx(ptop)))
/*
** Double the size of the array of captures
*/
static Capture *doublecap (lua_State *L, Capture *cap, int captop, int ptop) {
Capture *newc;
if (captop >= INT_MAX/((int)sizeof(Capture) * 2))
luaL_error(L, "too many captures");
newc = (Capture *)lua_newuserdata(L, captop * 2 * sizeof(Capture));
memcpy(newc, cap, captop * sizeof(Capture));
lua_replace(L, caplistidx(ptop));
return newc;
}
/*
** Double the size of the stack
*/
static Stack *doublestack (lua_State *L, Stack **stacklimit, int ptop) {
Stack *stack = getstackbase(L, ptop);
Stack *newstack;
int n = *stacklimit - stack; /* current stack size */
int max, newn;
lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, MAXSTACKIDX);
max = lua_tointeger(L, -1); /* maximum allowed size */
lua_pop(L, 1);
if (n >= max) /* already at maximum size? */
luaL_error(L, "backtrack stack overflow (current limit is %d)", max);
newn = 2 * n; /* new size */
if (newn > max) newn = max;
newstack = (Stack *)lua_newuserdata(L, newn * sizeof(Stack));
memcpy(newstack, stack, n * sizeof(Stack));
lua_replace(L, stackidx(ptop));
*stacklimit = newstack + newn;
return newstack + n; /* return next position */
}
/*
** Interpret the result of a dynamic capture: false -> fail;
** true -> keep current position; number -> next position.
** Return new subject position. 'fr' is stack index where
** is the result; 'curr' is current subject position; 'limit'
** is subject's size.
*/
static int resdyncaptures (lua_State *L, int fr, int curr, int limit) {
lua_Integer res;
if (!lua_toboolean(L, fr)) { /* false value? */
lua_settop(L, fr - 1); /* remove results */
return -1; /* and fail */
}
else if (lua_isboolean(L, fr)) /* true? */
res = curr; /* keep current position */
else {
res = lua_tointeger(L, fr) - 1; /* new position */
if (res < curr || res > limit)
luaL_error(L, "invalid position returned by match-time capture");
}
lua_remove(L, fr); /* remove first result (offset) */
return res;
}
/*
** Add capture values returned by a dynamic capture to the capture list
** 'base', nested inside a group capture. 'fd' indexes the first capture
** value, 'n' is the number of values (at least 1).
*/
static void adddyncaptures (const char *s, Capture *base, int n, int fd) {
int i;
/* Cgroup capture is already there */
assert(base[0].kind == Cgroup && base[0].siz == 0);
base[0].idx = 0; /* make it an anonymous group */
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) { /* add runtime captures */
base[i].kind = Cruntime;
base[i].siz = 1; /* mark it as closed */
base[i].idx = fd + i - 1; /* stack index of capture value */
base[i].s = s;
}
base[i].kind = Cclose; /* close group */
base[i].siz = 1;
base[i].s = s;
}
/*
** Remove dynamic captures from the Lua stack (called in case of failure)
*/
static int removedyncap (lua_State *L, Capture *capture,
int level, int last) {
int id = finddyncap(capture + level, capture + last); /* index of 1st cap. */
int top = lua_gettop(L);
if (id == 0) return 0; /* no dynamic captures? */
lua_settop(L, id - 1); /* remove captures */
return top - id + 1; /* number of values removed */
}
/*
** Opcode interpreter
*/
const char *match (lua_State *L, const char *o, const char *s, const char *e,
Instruction *op, Capture *capture, int ptop, byte *labelf, const char **sfail) { /* labeled failure */
Stack stackbase[INITBACK];
Stack *stacklimit = stackbase + INITBACK;
Stack *stack = stackbase; /* point to first empty slot in stack */
int capsize = INITCAPSIZE;
int captop = 0; /* point to first empty slot in captures */
int ndyncap = 0; /* number of dynamic captures (in Lua stack) */
const Instruction *p = op; /* current instruction */
const Instruction *pk = NULL; /* resume instruction */
Labelset lsfail;
setlabelfail(&lsfail);
stack->p = &giveup; stack->s = s; stack->ls = &lsfail; stack->caplevel = 0; stack++; /* labeled failure */
*sfail = s; /* labeled failure */
lua_pushlightuserdata(L, stackbase);
for (;;) {
#if defined(DEBUG)
printinst(op, p);
printf("s: |%s| stck:%d, dyncaps:%d, caps:%d ",
s, stack - getstackbase(L, ptop), ndyncap, captop);
printcaplist(capture, capture + captop);
#endif
assert(stackidx(ptop) + ndyncap == lua_gettop(L) && ndyncap <= captop);
switch ((Opcode)p->i.code) {
case IEnd: {
assert(stack == getstackbase(L, ptop) + 1);
capture[captop].kind = Cclose;
capture[captop].s = NULL;
return s;
}
case IGiveup: {
assert(stack == getstackbase(L, ptop));
return NULL;
}
case IRet: {
assert(stack > getstackbase(L, ptop) && (stack - 1)->s == NULL);
p = (--stack)->p;
continue;
}
case IAny: {
if (s < e) { p++; s++; }
else {
*labelf = LFAIL; /* labeled failure */
pk = p + 1;
updatefarthest(*sfail, s); /*labeled failure */
goto fail;
}
continue;
}
case ITestAny: {
if (s < e) p += 2;
else p += getoffset(p);
continue;
}
case IChar: {
if ((byte)*s == p->i.aux && s < e) { p++; s++; }
else {
*labelf = LFAIL; /* labeled failure */
pk = p + 1;
updatefarthest(*sfail, s); /*labeled failure */
goto fail;
}
continue;
}
case ITestChar: {
if ((byte)*s == p->i.aux && s < e) p += 2;
else p += getoffset(p);
continue;
}
case ISet: {
int c = (byte)*s;
if (testchar((p+1)->buff, c) && s < e)
{ p += CHARSETINSTSIZE; s++; }
else {
*labelf = LFAIL; /* labeled failure */
pk = p + CHARSETINSTSIZE;
updatefarthest(*sfail, s); /*labeled failure */
goto fail;
}
continue;
}
case ITestSet: {
int c = (byte)*s;
if (testchar((p + 2)->buff, c) && s < e)
p += 1 + CHARSETINSTSIZE;
else p += getoffset(p);
continue;
}
case IBehind: {
int n = p->i.aux;
if (n > s - o) {
*labelf = LFAIL; /* labeled failure */
pk = p + 1;
updatefarthest(*sfail, s); /*labeled failure */
goto fail;
}
s -= n; p++;
continue;
}
case ISpan: {
for (; s < e; s++) {
int c = (byte)*s;
if (!testchar((p+1)->buff, c)) break;
}
p += CHARSETINSTSIZE;
continue;
}
case IJmp: {
p += getoffset(p);
continue;
}
case IChoice: {
if (stack == stacklimit)
stack = doublestack(L, &stacklimit, ptop);
stack->p = p + getoffset(p);
stack->s = s;
stack->ls = &lsfail; /* labeled failure */
stack->caplevel = captop;
stack++;
p += 2;
continue;
}
case IRecov: { /* labeled failure */
if (stack == stacklimit)
stack = doublestack(L, &stacklimit, ptop);
stack->p = p + getoffset(p);
stack->s = NULL;
stack->ls = (const Labelset *) ((p + 2)->buff);
stack->caplevel = captop;
stack++;
p += (CHARSETINSTSIZE - 1) + 2;
continue;
}
case ICall: {
if (stack == stacklimit)
stack = doublestack(L, &stacklimit, ptop);
stack->s = NULL;
stack->p = p + 2; /* save return address */
stack->ls = NULL;
stack++;
p += getoffset(p);
continue;
}
case ICommit: {
assert(stack > getstackbase(L, ptop) && (stack - 1)->ls != NULL); /* labeled failure */
/*assert((stack - 1)->s != NULL); labeled failure: IRecov does not push s onto the stack */
stack--;
p += getoffset(p);
continue;
}
case IPartialCommit: {
assert(stack > getstackbase(L, ptop) && (stack - 1)->s != NULL);
(stack - 1)->s = s;
(stack - 1)->caplevel = captop;
p += getoffset(p);
continue;
}
case IBackCommit: {
assert(stack > getstackbase(L, ptop) && (stack - 1)->s != NULL);
s = (--stack)->s;
captop = stack->caplevel;
p += getoffset(p);
continue;
}
case IThrow: { /* labeled failure */
*labelf = p->i.aux;
pk = p + 1;
*sfail = s;
goto fail;
}
case IFailTwice:
assert(stack > getstackbase(L, ptop));
stack--;
/* go through */
case IFail:
*labelf = LFAIL; /* labeled failure */
pk = NULL;
updatefarthest(*sfail, s); /*labeled failure */
fail: { /* pattern failed: try to backtrack */
const Labelset *auxlab = NULL;
Stack *pstack = stack;
do { /* remove pending calls */
assert(pstack > getstackbase(L, ptop));
auxlab = (--pstack)->ls;
} while (auxlab == NULL || !(pstack->p == &giveup || testlabel(pstack->ls->cs, *labelf)));
if (pstack->s != NULL) { /* labeled failure: giveup or backtrack frame */
stack = pstack;
s = stack->s;
if (ndyncap > 0) /* is there matchtime captures? */
ndyncap -= removedyncap(L, capture, stack->caplevel, captop);
captop = stack->caplevel;
} else { /* labeled failure: recovery frame */
if (stack == stacklimit)
stack = doublestack(L, &stacklimit, ptop);
stack->s = NULL;
stack->p = pk; /* save return address */
stack->ls = NULL;
stack->caplevel = captop; /* TODO: really necessary?? */
stack++;
}
p = pstack->p;
continue;
}
case ICloseRunTime: {
CapState cs;
int rem, res, n;
int fr = lua_gettop(L) + 1; /* stack index of first result */
cs.s = o; cs.L = L; cs.ocap = capture; cs.ptop = ptop;
n = runtimecap(&cs, capture + captop, s, &rem); /* call function */
captop -= n; /* remove nested captures */
fr -= rem; /* 'rem' items were popped from Lua stack */
res = resdyncaptures(L, fr, s - o, e - o); /* get result */
if (res == -1) { /* fail? */
*labelf = LFAIL; /* labeled failure */
pk = NULL;
updatefarthest(*sfail, s); /*labeled failure */
goto fail;
}
s = o + res; /* else update current position */
n = lua_gettop(L) - fr + 1; /* number of new captures */
ndyncap += n - rem; /* update number of dynamic captures */
if (n > 0) { /* any new capture? */
if ((captop += n + 2) >= capsize) {
capture = doublecap(L, capture, captop, ptop);
capsize = 2 * captop;
}
/* add new captures to 'capture' list */
adddyncaptures(s, capture + captop - n - 2, n, fr);
}
p++;
continue;
}
case ICloseCapture: {
const char *s1 = s;
assert(captop > 0);
/* if possible, turn capture into a full capture */
if (capture[captop - 1].siz == 0 &&
s1 - capture[captop - 1].s < UCHAR_MAX) {
capture[captop - 1].siz = s1 - capture[captop - 1].s + 1;
p++;
continue;
}
else {
capture[captop].siz = 1; /* mark entry as closed */
capture[captop].s = s;
goto pushcapture;
}
}
case IOpenCapture:
capture[captop].siz = 0; /* mark entry as open */
capture[captop].s = s;
goto pushcapture;
case IFullCapture:
capture[captop].siz = getoff(p) + 1; /* save capture size */
capture[captop].s = s - getoff(p);
/* goto pushcapture; */
pushcapture: {
capture[captop].idx = p->i.key;
capture[captop].kind = getkind(p);
if (++captop >= capsize) {
capture = doublecap(L, capture, captop, ptop);
capsize = 2 * captop;
}
p++;
continue;
}
default: assert(0); return NULL;
}
}
}
/* }====================================================== */

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/*
** $Id: lpvm.h,v 1.3 2014/02/21 13:06:41 roberto Exp $
*/
#if !defined(lpvm_h)
#define lpvm_h
#include "lpcap.h"
/* Virtual Machine's instructions */
typedef enum Opcode {
IAny, /* if no char, fail */
IChar, /* if char != aux, fail */
ISet, /* if char not in buff, fail */
ITestAny, /* in no char, jump to 'offset' */
ITestChar, /* if char != aux, jump to 'offset' */
ITestSet, /* if char not in buff, jump to 'offset' */
ISpan, /* read a span of chars in buff */
IBehind, /* walk back 'aux' characters (fail if not possible) */
IRet, /* return from a rule */
IEnd, /* end of pattern */
IChoice, /* stack a choice; next fail will jump to 'offset' */
IJmp, /* jump to 'offset' */
ICall, /* call rule at 'offset' */
IOpenCall, /* call rule number 'key' (must be closed to a ICall) */
ICommit, /* pop choice and jump to 'offset' */
IPartialCommit, /* update top choice to current position and jump */
IBackCommit, /* "fails" but jump to its own 'offset' */
IFailTwice, /* pop one choice and then fail */
IFail, /* go back to saved state on choice and jump to saved offset */
IGiveup, /* internal use */
IFullCapture, /* complete capture of last 'off' chars */
IOpenCapture, /* start a capture */
ICloseCapture,
ICloseRunTime,
IThrow, /* "fails" with a specific label labeled failure */
IRecov /* stack a recovery; next fail with label 'f' will jump to 'offset' */
} Opcode;
typedef union Instruction {
struct Inst {
byte code;
byte aux;
short key;
} i;
int offset;
byte buff[1];
} Instruction;
void printpatt (Instruction *p, int n);
const char *match (lua_State *L, const char *o, const char *s, const char *e,
Instruction *op, Capture *capture, int ptop, byte *labelf, const char **sfail); /* labeled failure */
#endif

57
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LIBNAME = lpeglabel
LUADIR = ../lua-bootstrap/include/
COPT = -O2
# COPT = -DLPEG_DEBUG -g
CWARNS = -Wall -Wextra -pedantic \
-Waggregate-return \
-Wcast-align \
-Wcast-qual \
-Wdisabled-optimization \
-Wpointer-arith \
-Wshadow \
-Wsign-compare \
-Wundef \
-Wwrite-strings \
-Wbad-function-cast \
-Wdeclaration-after-statement \
-Wmissing-prototypes \
-Wnested-externs \
-Wstrict-prototypes \
# -Wunreachable-code \
CFLAGS = $(CWARNS) -nostdinc -B ../../05/tcc-bootstrap -I ../../05/musl-bootstrap/include -I$(LUADIR)
CC = ../../05/tcc-0.9.27/tcc
FILES = lpvm.o lpcap.o lptree.o lpcode.o lpprint.o
# For Linux
linux:
make lpeglabel.so "DLLFLAGS = -shared -nostdlib -B ../../05/tcc-bootstrap "
# # For Mac OS
# macosx:
# make lpeglabel.so "DLLFLAGS = -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup"
lpeglabel.so: $(FILES)
$(CC) $(DLLFLAGS) $(FILES) -o lpeglabel.so ../lua-bootstrap/lib/liblua.a ../../05/musl-bootstrap/lib/libc.a
$(FILES): makefile
test: test.lua testlabel.lua testerrors.lua relabel.lua lpeglabel.so
lua test.lua
lua testlabel.lua
lua testerrors.lua
clean:
rm -f $(FILES) lpeglabel.so
lpcap.o: lpcap.c lpcap.h lptypes.h
lpcode.o: lpcode.c lptypes.h lpcode.h lptree.h lpvm.h lpcap.h
lpprint.o: lpprint.c lptypes.h lpprint.h lptree.h lpvm.h lpcap.h
lptree.o: lptree.c lptypes.h lpcap.h lpcode.h lptree.h lpvm.h lpprint.h
lpvm.o: lpvm.c lpcap.h lptypes.h lpvm.h lpprint.h lptree.h

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COPT = -O2
# COPT = -DLPEG_DEBUG -g
CWARNS = -Wall -Wextra -pedantic \
-Waggregate-return \
-Wcast-align \
-Wcast-qual \
-Wdisabled-optimization \
-Wpointer-arith \
-Wshadow \
-Wsign-compare \
-Wundef \
-Wwrite-strings \
-Wbad-function-cast \
-Wdeclaration-after-statement \
-Wmissing-prototypes \
-Wnested-externs \
-Wstrict-prototypes \
# -Wunreachable-code \
CFLAGS = $(CWARNS) -nostdinc -B ../../05/tcc-bootstrap -I ../../05/musl-bootstrap/include -I$(LUADIR)
CC = ../../05/tcc-0.9.27/tcc
FILES = lplvm.o lplcap.o lpltree.o lplcode.o lplprint.o
# For Linux
linux:
make lpeglabel.so "DLLFLAGS = -shared -nostdlib -B ../../05/tcc-bootstrap "
# For Mac OS
# macosx:
# make lpeglabel.so "DLLFLAGS = -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup"
# For Windows
# windows:
# make lpeglabel.dll "DLLFLAGS = -shared -fPIC"
lpeglabel.so: $(FILES)
$(CC) $(DLLFLAGS) $(FILES) -o lpeglabel.so ../lua-bootstrap/lib/liblua.a ../../05/musl-bootstrap/lib/libc.a
lpeglabel.dll: $(FILES)
$(CC) $(DLLFLAGS) $(FILES) -o lpeglabel.dll $(LUADIR)/bin/lua53.dll
$(FILES): makefile
test: test.lua testlabel.lua testrelabelparser.lua relabel.lua lpeglabel.so
lua test.lua
lua testlabel.lua
lua testrelabelparser.lua
clean:
rm -f $(FILES) lpeglabel.so
lplcap.o: lplcap.c lplcap.h lpltypes.h
lplcode.o: lplcode.c lpltypes.h lplcode.h lpltree.h lplvm.h lplcap.h
lplprint.o: lplprint.c lpltypes.h lplprint.h lpltree.h lplvm.h lplcap.h
lpltree.o: lpltree.c lpltypes.h lplcap.h lplcode.h lpltree.h lplvm.h lplprint.h
lplvm.o: lplvm.c lplcap.h lpltypes.h lplvm.h lplprint.h lpltree.h

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-- $Id: re.lua,v 1.44 2013/03/26 20:11:40 roberto Exp $
-- imported functions and modules
local tonumber, type, print, error, ipairs = tonumber, type, print, error, ipairs
local pcall = pcall
local setmetatable = setmetatable
local unpack, tinsert, concat = table.unpack or unpack, table.insert, table.concat
local rep = string.rep
local m = m
-- 'm' will be used to parse expressions, and 'mm' will be used to
-- create expressions; that is, 're' runs on 'm', creating patterns
-- on 'mm'
local mm = m
-- pattern's metatable
local mt = getmetatable(mm.P(0))
-- No more global accesses after this point
local version = _VERSION
if version == "Lua 5.2" then _ENV = nil end
local any = m.P(1)
local dummy = mm.P(false)
local errinfo = {
{"NoPatt", "no pattern found"},
{"ExtraChars", "unexpected characters after the pattern"},
{"ExpPatt1", "expected a pattern after '/' or '//{...}'"},
{"ExpPatt2", "expected a pattern after '&'"},
{"ExpPatt3", "expected a pattern after '!'"},
{"ExpPatt4", "expected a pattern after '('"},
{"ExpPatt5", "expected a pattern after ':'"},
{"ExpPatt6", "expected a pattern after '{~'"},
{"ExpPatt7", "expected a pattern after '{|'"},
{"ExpPatt8", "expected a pattern after '<-'"},
{"ExpPattOrClose", "expected a pattern or closing '}' after '{'"},
{"ExpNum", "expected a number after '^', '+' or '-' (no space)"},
{"ExpCap", "expected a string, number, '{}' or name after '->'"},
{"ExpName1", "expected the name of a rule after '=>'"},
{"ExpName2", "expected the name of a rule after '=' (no space)"},
{"ExpName3", "expected the name of a rule after '<' (no space)"},
{"ExpLab1", "expected at least one label after '{'"},
{"ExpLab2", "expected a label after the comma"},
{"ExpNameOrLab", "expected a name or label after '%' (no space)"},
{"ExpItem", "expected at least one item after '[' or '^'"},
{"MisClose1", "missing closing ')'"},
{"MisClose2", "missing closing ':}'"},
{"MisClose3", "missing closing '~}'"},
{"MisClose4", "missing closing '|}'"},
{"MisClose5", "missing closing '}'"}, -- for the captures
{"MisClose6", "missing closing '>'"},
{"MisClose7", "missing closing '}'"}, -- for the labels
{"MisClose8", "missing closing ']'"},
{"MisTerm1", "missing terminating single quote"},
{"MisTerm2", "missing terminating double quote"},
}
local errmsgs = {}
local labels = {}
for i, err in ipairs(errinfo) do
errmsgs[i] = err[2]
labels[err[1]] = i
end
local function expect (pattern, labelname)
local label = labels[labelname]
return pattern + m.T(label)
end
-- Pre-defined names
local Predef = { nl = m.P"\n" }
local tlabels = {}
local mem
local fmem
local gmem
local function updatelocale ()
mm.locale(Predef)
Predef.a = Predef.alpha
Predef.c = Predef.cntrl
Predef.d = Predef.digit
Predef.g = Predef.graph
Predef.l = Predef.lower
Predef.p = Predef.punct
Predef.s = Predef.space
Predef.u = Predef.upper
Predef.w = Predef.alnum
Predef.x = Predef.xdigit
Predef.A = any - Predef.a
Predef.C = any - Predef.c
Predef.D = any - Predef.d
Predef.G = any - Predef.g
Predef.L = any - Predef.l
Predef.P = any - Predef.p
Predef.S = any - Predef.s
Predef.U = any - Predef.u
Predef.W = any - Predef.w
Predef.X = any - Predef.x
mem = {} -- restart memoization
fmem = {}
gmem = {}
local mt = {__mode = "v"}
setmetatable(mem, mt)
setmetatable(fmem, mt)
setmetatable(gmem, mt)
end
updatelocale()
local I = m.P(function (s,i) print(i, s:sub(1, i-1)); return i end)
local function getdef (id, defs)
local c = defs and defs[id]
if not c then
error("undefined name: " .. id)
end
return c
end
local function mult (p, n)
local np = mm.P(true)
while n >= 1 do
if n%2 >= 1 then np = np * p end
p = p * p
n = n/2
end
return np
end
local function equalcap (s, i, c)
if type(c) ~= "string" then return nil end
local e = #c + i
if s:sub(i, e - 1) == c then return e else return nil end
end
local S = (Predef.space + "--" * (any - Predef.nl)^0)^0
local name = m.C(m.R("AZ", "az", "__") * m.R("AZ", "az", "__", "09")^0)
local arrow = S * "<-"
-- a defined name only have meaning in a given environment
local Def = name * m.Carg(1)
local num = m.C(m.R"09"^1) * S / tonumber
local String = "'" * m.C((any - "'" - m.P"\n")^0) * expect("'", "MisTerm1")
+ '"' * m.C((any - '"' - m.P"\n")^0) * expect('"', "MisTerm2")
local defined = "%" * Def / function (c,Defs)
local cat = Defs and Defs[c] or Predef[c]
if not cat then
error("name '" .. c .. "' undefined")
end
return cat
end
local Range = m.Cs(any * (m.P"-"/"") * (any - "]")) / mm.R
local item = defined + Range + m.C(any - m.P"\n")
local Class =
"["
* (m.C(m.P"^"^-1)) -- optional complement symbol
* m.Cf(expect(item, "ExpItem") * (item - "]")^0, mt.__add)
/ function (c, p) return c == "^" and any - p or p end
* expect("]", "MisClose8")
local function adddef (t, k, exp)
if t[k] then
error("'"..k.."' already defined as a rule")
else
t[k] = exp
end
return t
end
local function firstdef (n, r) return adddef({n}, n, r) end
local function NT (n, b)
if not b then
error("rule '"..n.."' used outside a grammar")
else return mm.V(n)
end
end
local function choicerec (...)
local t = { ... }
local n = #t
local p = t[1]
local i = 2
while i + 1 <= n do
-- t[i] == nil when there are no labels
p = t[i] and mm.Rec(p, t[i+1], unpack(t[i])) or mt.__add(p, t[i+1])
i = i + 2
end
return p
end
local exp = m.P{ "Exp",
Exp = S * ( m.V"Grammar"
+ (m.V"Seq" * (S * (("//" * m.Ct(m.V"Labels")) + ("/" * m.Cc(nil)))
* expect(S * m.V"Seq", "ExpPatt1")
)^0
) / choicerec);
Labels = m.P"{" * expect(S * m.V"Label", "ExpLab1")
* (S * "," * expect(S * m.V"Label", "ExpLab2"))^0
* expect(S * "}", "MisClose7");
Seq = m.Cf(m.Cc(m.P"") * m.V"Prefix" * (S * m.V"Prefix")^0, mt.__mul);
Prefix = "&" * expect(S * m.V"Prefix", "ExpPatt2") / mt.__len
+ "!" * expect(S * m.V"Prefix", "ExpPatt3") / mt.__unm
+ m.V"Suffix";
Suffix = m.Cf(m.V"Primary" *
( S * ( m.P"+" * m.Cc(1, mt.__pow)
+ m.P"*" * m.Cc(0, mt.__pow)
+ m.P"?" * m.Cc(-1, mt.__pow)
+ "^" * expect( m.Cg(num * m.Cc(mult))
+ m.Cg(m.C(m.S"+-" * m.R"09"^1) * m.Cc(mt.__pow)
),
"ExpNum")
+ "->" * expect(S * ( m.Cg((String + num) * m.Cc(mt.__div))
+ m.P"{}" * m.Cc(nil, m.Ct)
+ m.Cg(Def / getdef * m.Cc(mt.__div))
),
"ExpCap")
+ "=>" * expect(S * m.Cg(Def / getdef * m.Cc(m.Cmt)),
"ExpName1")
)
)^0, function (a,b,f) return f(a,b) end );
Primary = "(" * expect(m.V"Exp", "ExpPatt4") * expect(S * ")", "MisClose1")
+ String / mm.P
+ Class
+ defined
+ "%" * expect(m.P"{", "ExpNameOrLab")
* expect(S * m.V"Label", "ExpLab1")
* expect(S * "}", "MisClose7") / mm.T
+ "{:" * (name * ":" + m.Cc(nil)) * expect(m.V"Exp", "ExpPatt5")
* expect(S * ":}", "MisClose2")
/ function (n, p) return mm.Cg(p, n) end
+ "=" * expect(name, "ExpName2")
/ function (n) return mm.Cmt(mm.Cb(n), equalcap) end
+ m.P"{}" / mm.Cp
+ "{~" * expect(m.V"Exp", "ExpPatt6")
* expect(S * "~}", "MisClose3") / mm.Cs
+ "{|" * expect(m.V"Exp", "ExpPatt7")
* expect(S * "|}", "MisClose4") / mm.Ct
+ "{" * expect(m.V"Exp", "ExpPattOrClose")
* expect(S * "}", "MisClose5") / mm.C
+ m.P"." * m.Cc(any)
+ (name * -arrow + "<" * expect(name, "ExpName3")
* expect(">", "MisClose6")) * m.Cb("G") / NT;
Label = num + name / function (f) return tlabels[f] end;
Definition = name * arrow * expect(m.V"Exp", "ExpPatt8");
Grammar = m.Cg(m.Cc(true), "G")
* m.Cf(m.V"Definition" / firstdef * (S * m.Cg(m.V"Definition"))^0,
adddef) / mm.P;
}
local pattern = S * m.Cg(m.Cc(false), "G") * expect(exp, "NoPatt") / mm.P
* S * expect(-any, "ExtraChars")
local function lineno (s, i)
if i == 1 then return 1, 1 end
local adjustment = 0
-- report the current line if at end of line, not the next
if s:sub(i,i) == '\n' then
i = i-1
adjustment = 1
end
local rest, num = s:sub(1,i):gsub("[^\n]*\n", "")
local r = #rest
return 1 + num, (r ~= 0 and r or 1) + adjustment
end
local function calcline (s, i)
if i == 1 then return 1, 1 end
local rest, line = s:sub(1,i):gsub("[^\n]*\n", "")
local col = #rest
return 1 + line, col ~= 0 and col or 1
end
local function splitlines(str)
local t = {}
local function helper(line) tinsert(t, line) return "" end
helper((str:gsub("(.-)\r?\n", helper)))
return t
end
local function compile (p, defs)
if mm.type(p) == "pattern" then return p end -- already compiled
p = p .. " " -- for better reporting of column numbers in errors when at EOF
local ok, cp, label, suffix = pcall(function() return pattern:match(p, 1, defs) end)
if not ok and cp then
if type(cp) == "string" then
cp = cp:gsub("^[^:]+:[^:]+: ", "")
end
error(cp, 3)
end
if not cp then
local lines = splitlines(p)
local line, col = lineno(p, #p - #suffix + 1)
--local line, col = calcline(p, #p - #suffix + 1)
local err = {}
tinsert(err, "L" .. line .. ":C" .. col .. ": " .. errmsgs[label])
tinsert(err, lines[line])
tinsert(err, rep(" ", col-1) .. "^")
error("syntax error(s) in pattern\n" .. concat(err, "\n"), 3)
end
return cp
end
local function match (s, p, i)
local cp = mem[p]
if not cp then
cp = compile(p)
mem[p] = cp
end
return cp:match(s, i or 1)
end
local function find (s, p, i)
local cp = fmem[p]
if not cp then
cp = compile(p) / 0
cp = mm.P{ mm.Cp() * cp * mm.Cp() + 1 * mm.V(1) }
fmem[p] = cp
end
local i, e = cp:match(s, i or 1)
if i then return i, e - 1
else return i
end
end
local function gsub (s, p, rep)
local g = gmem[p] or {} -- ensure gmem[p] is not collected while here
gmem[p] = g
local cp = g[rep]
if not cp then
cp = compile(p)
cp = mm.Cs((cp / rep + 1)^0)
g[rep] = cp
end
return cp:match(s)
end
local function setlabels (t)
tlabels = t
end
-- exported names
local re = {
compile = compile,
match = match,
find = find,
gsub = gsub,
updatelocale = updatelocale,
setlabels = setlabels,
calcline = calcline
}
if version == "Lua 5.1" then _G.re = re end
return re

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06/lpeglabel/rockspecs/lpeglabel-0.12.2-1.rockspec Normal file
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package = "LPegLabel"
version = "0.12.2-1"
source = {
url = "https://github.com/sqmedeiros/lpeglabel/archive/v0.12.2.tar.gz",
tag = "v0.12.2",
dir = "lpeglabel-0.12.2",
}
description = {
summary = "Parsing Expression Grammars For Lua with Labeled Failures",
detailed = [[
LPegLabel is a conservative extension of the LPeg library that provides
an implementation of Parsing Expression Grammars (PEGs) with labeled failures.
Labels can be used to signal different kinds of erros and to specify which
alternative in a labeled ordered choice should handle a given label.
Labels can also be combined with the standard patterns of LPeg.
]],
homepage = "https://github.com/sqmedeiros/lpeglabel/",
maintainer = "Sergio Medeiros <sqmedeiros@gmail.com>",
license = "MIT/X11"
}
dependencies = {
"lua >= 5.2",
}
build = {
type = "builtin",
modules = {
lpeglabel = {
"lpcap.c", "lpcode.c", "lpprint.c", "lptree.c", "lpvm.c"
},
relabel = "relabel.lua"
}
}

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06/lpeglabel/rockspecs/lpeglabel-0.12.2-2.rockspec Normal file
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package = "LPegLabel"
version = "0.12.2-2"
source = {
url = "https://github.com/sqmedeiros/lpeglabel/archive/v0.12.2-2.tar.gz",
tag = "v0.12.2-2",
dir = "lpeglabel-0.12.2-2",
}
description = {
summary = "Parsing Expression Grammars For Lua with Labeled Failures",
detailed = [[
LPegLabel is a conservative extension of the LPeg library that provides
an implementation of Parsing Expression Grammars (PEGs) with labeled failures.
Labels can be used to signal different kinds of erros and to specify which
alternative in a labeled ordered choice should handle a given label.
Labels can also be combined with the standard patterns of LPeg.
]],
homepage = "https://github.com/sqmedeiros/lpeglabel/",
maintainer = "Sergio Medeiros <sqmedeiros@gmail.com>",
license = "MIT/X11"
}
dependencies = {
"lua >= 5.1",
}
build = {
type = "builtin",
modules = {
lpeglabel = {
"lpcap.c", "lpcode.c", "lpprint.c", "lptree.c", "lpvm.c"
},
relabel = "relabel.lua"
}
}

32
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package = "LPegLabel"
version = "1.0.0-1"
source = {
url = "https://github.com/sqmedeiros/lpeglabel/archive/v1.0.0-1.tar.gz",
tag = "v1.0.0-1",
dir = "lpeglabel-1.0.0-1",
}
description = {
summary = "Parsing Expression Grammars For Lua with Labeled Failures",
detailed = [[
LPegLabel is a conservative extension of the LPeg library that provides
an implementation of Parsing Expression Grammars (PEGs) with labeled failures.
Labels can be used to signal different kinds of erros and to specify which
alternative in a labeled ordered choice should handle a given label.
Labels can also be combined with the standard patterns of LPeg.
]],
homepage = "https://github.com/sqmedeiros/lpeglabel/",
maintainer = "Sergio Medeiros <sqmedeiros@gmail.com>",
license = "MIT/X11"
}
dependencies = {
"lua >= 5.1",
}
build = {
type = "builtin",
modules = {
lpeglabel = {
"lpcap.c", "lpcode.c", "lpprint.c", "lptree.c", "lpvm.c"
},
relabel = "relabel.lua"
}
}

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package = "LPegLabel"
version = "1.1.0-1"
source = {
url = "https://github.com/sqmedeiros/lpeglabel/archive/v1.1.0-1.tar.gz",
tag = "v1.1.0-1",
dir = "lpeglabel-1.1.0-1",
}
description = {
summary = "Parsing Expression Grammars For Lua with Labeled Failures",
detailed = [[
LPegLabel is a conservative extension of the LPeg library that provides
an implementation of Parsing Expression Grammars (PEGs) with labeled failures.
Labels can be used to signal different kinds of erros and to specify which
which recovery pattern should handle a given label.
Labels can also be combined with the standard patterns of LPeg.
]],
homepage = "https://github.com/sqmedeiros/lpeglabel/",
maintainer = "Sergio Medeiros <sqmedeiros@gmail.com>",
license = "MIT/X11"
}
dependencies = {
"lua >= 5.1",
}
build = {
type = "builtin",
modules = {
lpeglabel = {
"lpcap.c", "lpcode.c", "lpprint.c", "lptree.c", "lpvm.c"
},
relabel = "relabel.lua"
}
}

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package = "LPegLabel"
version = "1.2.0-1"
source = {
url = "https://github.com/sqmedeiros/lpeglabel/archive/v1.2.0-1.tar.gz",
tag = "v1.2.0-1",
dir = "lpeglabel-1.2.0-1",
}
description = {
summary = "Parsing Expression Grammars For Lua with Labeled Failures",
detailed = [[
LPegLabel is a conservative extension of the LPeg library that provides
an implementation of Parsing Expression Grammars (PEGs) with labeled failures.
Labels can be used to signal different kinds of erros and to specify which recovery
pattern should handle a given label.
LPegLabel also reports the farthest failure position in case of an ordinary failure.
]],
homepage = "https://github.com/sqmedeiros/lpeglabel/",
maintainer = "Sergio Medeiros <sqmedeiros@gmail.com>",
license = "MIT/X11"
}
dependencies = {
"lua >= 5.1",
}
build = {
type = "builtin",
modules = {
lpeglabel = {
"lpcap.c", "lpcode.c", "lpprint.c", "lptree.c", "lpvm.c"
},
relabel = "relabel.lua"
}
}

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local re = require 'relabel'
function testerror(repatt, msg)
msg = msg:match("^%s*(.-)%s*$") -- trim
local ok, err = pcall(function () re.compile(repatt) end)
assert(not ok)
if msg:match("^[^\n]*\n(.-)$") then
-- expecting a syntax error
err = err:match("^[^\n]*\n(.-)$") -- remove first line (filename)
err = err:gsub("[ \t]*\n", "\n") -- remove trailing spaces
-- if err ~= msg then
-- print(#err, #msg)
-- print('--')
-- print(err)
-- print('--')
-- print(msg)
-- print('--')
-- end
assert(err == msg)
else
-- expecting a non-syntax error
assert(err:match(msg))
end
end
-- testing NoPatt
testerror([[~]], [[
L1:C1: no pattern found
~
^
]])
testerror([[???]], [[
L1:C1: no pattern found
???
^
]])
-- testing ExtraChars
testerror([['p'~]], [[
L1:C4: unexpected characters after the pattern
'p'~
^
]])
testerror([['p'?$?]], [[
L1:C5: unexpected characters after the pattern
'p'?$?
^
]])
-- testing ExpPatt1
testerror([['p' //{1}]], [[
L1:C10: expected a pattern after '/' or '//{...}'
'p' //{1}
^
]])
testerror([['p' //{1} //{2} 'q']], [[
L1:C10: expected a pattern after '/' or '//{...}'
'p' //{1} //{2} 'q'
^
]])
testerror([['p' /]], [[
L1:C6: expected a pattern after '/' or '//{...}'
'p' /
^
]])
testerror([['p' / / 'q']], [[
L1:C6: expected a pattern after '/' or '//{...}'
'p' / / 'q'
^
]])
-- testing ExpPatt2
testerror([[&]], [[
L1:C2: expected a pattern after '&'
&
^
]])
testerror([[& / 'p']], [[
L1:C2: expected a pattern after '&'
& / 'p'
^
]])
testerror([['p' &]], [[
L1:C6: expected a pattern after '&'
'p' &
^
]])
testerror([['p' / & / 'q']], [[
L1:C8: expected a pattern after '&'
'p' / & / 'q'
^
]])
testerror([[&&]], [[
L1:C3: expected a pattern after '&'
&&
^
]])
testerror([[!&]], [[
L1:C3: expected a pattern after '&'
!&
^
]])
-- testing ExpPatt3
testerror([[!]], [[
L1:C2: expected a pattern after '!'
!
^
]])
testerror([[! / 'p']], [[
L1:C2: expected a pattern after '!'
! / 'p'
^
]])
testerror([['p' !]], [[
L1:C6: expected a pattern after '!'
'p' !
^
]])
testerror([['p' / ! / 'q']], [[
L1:C8: expected a pattern after '!'
'p' / ! / 'q'
^
]])
testerror([[!!]], [[
L1:C3: expected a pattern after '!'
!!
^
]])
testerror([[&!]], [[
L1:C3: expected a pattern after '!'
&!
^
]])
-- testing ExpPatt4
testerror([[()]], [[
L1:C2: expected a pattern after '('
()
^
]])
testerror([[($$$)]], [[
L1:C2: expected a pattern after '('
($$$)
^
]])
-- testing ExpPatt5
testerror([[{: *** :}]], [[
L1:C3: expected a pattern after ':'
{: *** :}
^
]])
testerror([[{:group: *** :}]], [[
L1:C9: expected a pattern after ':'
{:group: *** :}
^
]])
testerror([[x <- {:x:}]], [[
L1:C10: expected a pattern after ':'
x <- {:x:}
^
]])
-- testing ExpPatt6
testerror([[{~~}]], [[
L1:C3: expected a pattern after '{~'
{~~}
^
]])
testerror([[{ {~ } ~}]], [[
L1:C5: expected a pattern after '{~'
{ {~ } ~}
^
]])
testerror([[{~ ^_^ ~}]], [[
L1:C3: expected a pattern after '{~'
{~ ^_^ ~}
^
]])
-- testing ExpPatt7
testerror([[{||}]], [[
L1:C3: expected a pattern after '{|'
{||}
^
]])
testerror([[{|@|}]], [[
L1:C3: expected a pattern after '{|'
{|@|}
^
]])
-- testing ExpPatt8
testerror([[S <-]], [[
L1:C5: expected a pattern after '<-'
S <-
^
]])
testerror([[S <- 'p' T <-]], [[
L1:C14: expected a pattern after '<-'
S <- 'p' T <-
^
]])
-- testing ExpPattOrClose
testerror([[{0}]], [[
L1:C2: expected a pattern or closing '}' after '{'
{0}
^
]])
testerror([[{ :'p': }]], [[
L1:C2: expected a pattern or closing '}' after '{'
{ :'p': }
^
]])
-- testing ExpNum
testerror([['p' ^ n]], [[
L1:C6: expected a number after '^', '+' or '-' (no space)
'p' ^ n
^
]])
testerror([['p'^+(+1)]], [[
L1:C5: expected a number after '^', '+' or '-' (no space)
'p'^+(+1)
^
]])
testerror([['p'^-/'q']], [[
L1:C5: expected a number after '^', '+' or '-' (no space)
'p'^-/'q'
^
]])
-- testing ExpCap
testerror([['p' -> {]], [[
L1:C7: expected a string, number, '{}' or name after '->'
'p' -> {
^
]])
testerror([['p' -> {'q'}]], [[
L1:C7: expected a string, number, '{}' or name after '->'
'p' -> {'q'}
^
]])
testerror([['p' -> / 'q']], [[
L1:C7: expected a string, number, '{}' or name after '->'
'p' -> / 'q'
^
]])
testerror([['p' -> [0-9] ]], [[
L1:C7: expected a string, number, '{}' or name after '->'
'p' -> [0-9]
^
]])
-- testing ExpName1
testerror([['p' =>]], [[
L1:C7: expected the name of a rule after '=>'
'p' =>
^
]])
testerror([['p' => 'q']], [[
L1:C7: expected the name of a rule after '=>'
'p' => 'q'
^
]])
-- testing ExpName2
testerror([['<' {:tag: [a-z]+ :} '>' '<' = '>']], [[
L1:C31: expected the name of a rule after '=' (no space)
'<' {:tag: [a-z]+ :} '>' '<' = '>'
^
]])
testerror([['<' {:tag: [a-z]+ :} '>' '<' = tag '>']], [[
L1:C31: expected the name of a rule after '=' (no space)
'<' {:tag: [a-z]+ :} '>' '<' = tag '>'
^
]])
-- testing ExpName3
testerror([[<>]], [[
L1:C2: expected the name of a rule after '<' (no space)
<>
^
]])
testerror([[<123>]], [[
L1:C2: expected the name of a rule after '<' (no space)
<123>
^
]])
testerror([[< hello >]], [[
L1:C2: expected the name of a rule after '<' (no space)
< hello >
^
]])
testerror([[<<S>>]], [[
L1:C2: expected the name of a rule after '<' (no space)
<<S>>
^
]])
-- testing ExpLab1
testerror([['p' //{} 'q']], [[
L1:C8: expected at least one label after '{'
'p' //{} 'q'
^
]])
testerror([[%{ 'label' }]], [[
L1:C3: expected at least one label after '{'
%{ 'label' }
^
]])
-- testing ExpLab2
testerror([['p' //{1,2,3,} 'q']], [[
L1:C14: expected a label after the comma
'p' //{1,2,3,} 'q'
^
]])
-- testing ExpNameOrLab
testerror([[% s]], [[
L1:C2: expected a name or label after '%' (no space)
% s
^
]])
testerror([[% {1}]], [[
L1:C2: expected a name or label after '%' (no space)
% {1}
^
]])
-- testing ExpItem
testerror([[
"p" [
abc
] "q"
]], [[
L1:C6: expected at least one item after '[' or '^'
"p" [
^
]])
-- testing MisClose1
testerror([[('p' ('q' / 'r')]], [[
L1:C17: missing closing ')'
('p' ('q' / 'r')
^
]])
-- testing MisClose2
-- two errors are reported due to the ignore strategy
testerror([[{: group: 'p' :}]], [[
L1:C9: missing closing ':}'
{: group: 'p' :}
^
]])
testerror([[S <- {: 'p' T <- 'q']], [[
L1:C12: missing closing ':}'
S <- {: 'p' T <- 'q'
^
]])
-- testing MisClose3
testerror([['p' {~ ('q' 'r') / 's']], [[
L1:C23: missing closing '~}'
'p' {~ ('q' 'r') / 's'
^
]])
-- testing MisClose4
-- two errors are reported due to the ignore strategy
testerror([['p' {| 'q' / 'r' }]], [[
L1:C17: missing closing '|}'
'p' {| 'q' / 'r' }
^
]])
-- testing MisClose5
testerror([[{ 'p' ]], [[
L1:C6: missing closing '}'
{ 'p'
^
]])
-- testing MisClose6
testerror([[<patt]], [[
L1:C6: missing closing '>'
<patt
^
]])
testerror([[<insert your name here>]], [[
L1:C8: missing closing '>'
<insert your name here>
^
]])
-- testing MisClose7
testerror([['{' %{ a, b '}']], [[
L1:C9: missing closing '}'
'{' %{ a, b '}'
^
]])
-- testing MisClose8
testerror([[[]], [[
L1:C2: missing closing ']'
[
^
]])
testerror([[[^]], [[
L1:C3: missing closing ']'
[^
^
]])
testerror([[[] ]], [[
L1:C4: missing closing ']'
[]
^
]])
testerror([[[^] ]], [[
L1:C6: missing closing ']'
[^]
^
]])
testerror([[[_-___-_|]], [[
L1:C10: missing closing ']'
[_-___-_|
^
]])
-- testing MisTerm1
testerror([['That is the question...]], [[
L1:C25: missing terminating single quote
'That is the question...
^
]])
-- testing MisTerm2
testerror([[Q <- "To be or not to be...]], [[
L1:C28: missing terminating double quote
Q <- "To be or not to be...
^
]])
-- testing non-syntax errors
testerror([[
A <- %nosuch %def
A <- 'A again'
A <- 'and again'
]], [[
name 'nosuch' undefined
]])
testerror([[names not in grammar]], [[
rule 'names' used outside a grammar
]])
testerror([[
A <- %nosuch %def
A <- 'A again'
A <- 'and again'
]], [[
name 'nosuch' undefined
]])
-- the non-syntax error should not be reported
-- since there is a syntax error
testerror([[ A <- %nosuch ('error' ]], [[
L1:C23: missing closing ')'
A <- %nosuch ('error'
^
]])
print 'OK'

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**/*.o
**/*.d
src/liblua.a
src/lua
src/luac

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# Makefile for installing Lua
# See doc/readme.html for installation and customization instructions.
# == CHANGE THE SETTINGS BELOW TO SUIT YOUR ENVIRONMENT =======================
# Your platform. See PLATS for possible values.
PLAT= generic
# Where to install. The installation starts in the src and doc directories,
# so take care if INSTALL_TOP is not an absolute path. See the local target.
# You may want to make INSTALL_LMOD and INSTALL_CMOD consistent with
# LUA_ROOT, LUA_LDIR, and LUA_CDIR in luaconf.h.
INSTALL_TOP= ../../lua-bootstrap
INSTALL_BIN= $(INSTALL_TOP)/bin
INSTALL_INC= $(INSTALL_TOP)/include
INSTALL_LIB= $(INSTALL_TOP)/lib
INSTALL_MAN= $(INSTALL_TOP)/man/man1
INSTALL_LMOD= $(INSTALL_TOP)/share/lua/$V
INSTALL_CMOD= $(INSTALL_TOP)/lib/lua/$V
# How to install. If your install program does not support "-p", then
# you may have to run ranlib on the installed liblua.a.
INSTALL= install -p
INSTALL_EXEC= $(INSTALL) -m 0755
INSTALL_DATA= $(INSTALL) -m 0644
#
# If you don't have "install" you can use "cp" instead.
# INSTALL= cp -p
# INSTALL_EXEC= $(INSTALL)
# INSTALL_DATA= $(INSTALL)
# Other utilities.
MKDIR= mkdir -p
RM= rm -f
# == END OF USER SETTINGS -- NO NEED TO CHANGE ANYTHING BELOW THIS LINE =======
# Convenience platforms targets.
PLATS= guess aix bsd c89 freebsd generic ios linux linux-readline macosx mingw posix solaris
# What to install.
TO_BIN= lua luac
TO_INC= lua.h luaconf.h lualib.h lauxlib.h lua.hpp
TO_LIB= liblua.a
TO_MAN= lua.1 luac.1
# Lua version and release.
V= 5.4
R= $V.6
# Targets start here.
all: $(PLAT)
$(PLATS) help test clean:
@cd src && $(MAKE) $@
install: dummy
cd src && $(MKDIR) $(INSTALL_BIN) $(INSTALL_INC) $(INSTALL_LIB) $(INSTALL_MAN) $(INSTALL_LMOD) $(INSTALL_CMOD)
cd src && $(INSTALL_EXEC) $(TO_BIN) $(INSTALL_BIN)
cd src && $(INSTALL_DATA) $(TO_INC) $(INSTALL_INC)
cd src && $(INSTALL_DATA) $(TO_LIB) $(INSTALL_LIB)
cd doc && $(INSTALL_DATA) $(TO_MAN) $(INSTALL_MAN)
uninstall:
cd src && cd $(INSTALL_BIN) && $(RM) $(TO_BIN)
cd src && cd $(INSTALL_INC) && $(RM) $(TO_INC)
cd src && cd $(INSTALL_LIB) && $(RM) $(TO_LIB)
cd doc && cd $(INSTALL_MAN) && $(RM) $(TO_MAN)
local:
$(MAKE) install INSTALL_TOP=../install
# make may get confused with install/ if it does not support .PHONY.
dummy:
# Echo config parameters.
echo:
@cd src && $(MAKE) -s echo
@echo "PLAT= $(PLAT)"
@echo "V= $V"
@echo "R= $R"
@echo "TO_BIN= $(TO_BIN)"
@echo "TO_INC= $(TO_INC)"
@echo "TO_LIB= $(TO_LIB)"
@echo "TO_MAN= $(TO_MAN)"
@echo "INSTALL_TOP= $(INSTALL_TOP)"
@echo "INSTALL_BIN= $(INSTALL_BIN)"
@echo "INSTALL_INC= $(INSTALL_INC)"
@echo "INSTALL_LIB= $(INSTALL_LIB)"
@echo "INSTALL_MAN= $(INSTALL_MAN)"
@echo "INSTALL_LMOD= $(INSTALL_LMOD)"
@echo "INSTALL_CMOD= $(INSTALL_CMOD)"
@echo "INSTALL_EXEC= $(INSTALL_EXEC)"
@echo "INSTALL_DATA= $(INSTALL_DATA)"
# Echo pkg-config data.
pc:
@echo "version=$R"
@echo "prefix=$(INSTALL_TOP)"
@echo "libdir=$(INSTALL_LIB)"
@echo "includedir=$(INSTALL_INC)"
# Targets that do not create files (not all makes understand .PHONY).
.PHONY: all $(PLATS) help test clean install uninstall local dummy echo pc
# (end of Makefile)

6
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This is Lua 5.4.6, released on 02 May 2023.
For installation instructions, license details, and
further information about Lua, see doc/readme.html.

678
06/lua-5.4.6/doc/contents.html Normal file
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Lua 5.4 Reference Manual - contents</TITLE>
<LINK REL="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="lua.css">
<LINK REL="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="index.css">
<META HTTP-EQUIV="content-type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/"><IMG SRC="logo.gif" ALT="Lua"></A>
Lua 5.4 Reference Manual
</H1>
<P>
The reference manual is the official definition of the Lua language.
<BR>
For a complete introduction to Lua programming, see the book
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/pil/">Programming in Lua</A>.
<DIV CLASS="menubar">
<A HREF="manual.html">start</A>
&middot;
<A HREF="#contents">contents</A>
&middot;
<A HREF="#index">index</A>
&middot;
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/manual/">other versions</A>
</DIV>
<P>
<SMALL>
Copyright &copy; 2020&ndash;2023 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
Freely available under the terms of the
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/license.html">Lua license</A>.
</SMALL>
<H2><A NAME="contents">Contents</A></H2>
<UL CLASS="contents menubar">
<LI><A HREF="manual.html">1 &ndash; Introduction</A>
<P>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2">2 &ndash; Basic Concepts</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.1">2.1 &ndash; Values and Types</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.2">2.2 &ndash; Environments and the Global Environment</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.3">2.3 &ndash; Error Handling</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.4">2.4 &ndash; Metatables and Metamethods</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.5">2.5 &ndash; Garbage Collection</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.5.1">2.5.1 &ndash; Incremental Garbage Collection</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.5.2">2.5.2 &ndash; Generational Garbage Collection</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.5.3">2.5.3 &ndash; Garbage-Collection Metamethods</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.5.4">2.5.4 &ndash; Weak Tables</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.6">2.6 &ndash; Coroutines</A>
</UL>
<P>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3">3 &ndash; The Language</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.1">3.1 &ndash; Lexical Conventions</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.2">3.2 &ndash; Variables</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3">3.3 &ndash; Statements</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.1">3.3.1 &ndash; Blocks</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.2">3.3.2 &ndash; Chunks</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.3">3.3.3 &ndash; Assignment</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.4">3.3.4 &ndash; Control Structures</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.5">3.3.5 &ndash; For Statement</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.6">3.3.6 &ndash; Function Calls as Statements</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.7">3.3.7 &ndash; Local Declarations</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.8">3.3.8 &ndash; To-be-closed Variables</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4">3.4 &ndash; Expressions</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.1">3.4.1 &ndash; Arithmetic Operators</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.2">3.4.2 &ndash; Bitwise Operators</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.3">3.4.3 &ndash; Coercions and Conversions</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.4">3.4.4 &ndash; Relational Operators</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.5">3.4.5 &ndash; Logical Operators</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.6">3.4.6 &ndash; Concatenation</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.7">3.4.7 &ndash; The Length Operator</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.8">3.4.8 &ndash; Precedence</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.9">3.4.9 &ndash; Table Constructors</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.10">3.4.10 &ndash; Function Calls</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.11">3.4.11 &ndash; Function Definitions</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.12">3.4.12 &ndash; Lists of expressions, multiple results, and adjustment<A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.5">3.5 &ndash; Visibility Rules</A>
</UL>
<P>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4">4 &ndash; The Application Program Interface</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.1">4.1 &ndash; The Stack</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.1.1">4.1.1 &ndash; Stack Size</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.1.2">4.1.2 &ndash; Valid and Acceptable Indices</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.1.3">4.1.3 &ndash; Pointers to strings</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.2">4.2 &ndash; C Closures</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.3">4.3 &ndash; Registry</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.4">4.4 &ndash; Error Handling in C</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.4.1">4.4.1 &ndash; Status Codes</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.5">4.5 &ndash; Handling Yields in C</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.6">4.6 &ndash; Functions and Types</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.7">4.7 &ndash; The Debug Interface</A>
</UL>
<P>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#5">5 &ndash; The Auxiliary Library</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#5.1">5.1 &ndash; Functions and Types</A>
</UL>
<P>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6">6 &ndash; The Standard Libraries</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.1">6.1 &ndash; Basic Functions</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.2">6.2 &ndash; Coroutine Manipulation</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.3">6.3 &ndash; Modules</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.4">6.4 &ndash; String Manipulation</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.4.1">6.4.1 &ndash; Patterns</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.4.2">6.4.2 &ndash; Format Strings for Pack and Unpack</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.5">6.5 &ndash; UTF-8 Support</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.6">6.6 &ndash; Table Manipulation</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.7">6.7 &ndash; Mathematical Functions</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.8">6.8 &ndash; Input and Output Facilities</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.9">6.9 &ndash; Operating System Facilities</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.10">6.10 &ndash; The Debug Library</A>
</UL>
<P>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#7">7 &ndash; Lua Standalone</A>
<P>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#8">8 &ndash; Incompatibilities with the Previous Version</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#8.1">8.1 &ndash; Incompatibilities in the Language</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#8.2">8.2 &ndash; Incompatibilities in the Libraries</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#8.3">8.3 &ndash; Incompatibilities in the API</A>
</UL>
<P>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#9">9 &ndash; The Complete Syntax of Lua</A>
</UL>
<H2><A NAME="index">Index</A></H2>
<TABLE CLASS="menubar" WIDTH="100%">
<TR>
<TD>
<H3><A NAME="functions">Lua functions</A></H3>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.1">basic</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-_G">_G</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-_VERSION">_VERSION</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-assert">assert</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-collectgarbage">collectgarbage</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-dofile">dofile</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-error">error</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-getmetatable">getmetatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-ipairs">ipairs</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-load">load</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-loadfile">loadfile</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-next">next</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-pairs">pairs</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-pcall">pcall</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-print">print</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-rawequal">rawequal</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-rawget">rawget</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-rawlen">rawlen</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-rawset">rawset</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-require">require</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-select">select</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-setmetatable">setmetatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-tonumber">tonumber</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-tostring">tostring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-type">type</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-warn">warn</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-xpcall">xpcall</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.2">coroutine</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.close">coroutine.close</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.create">coroutine.create</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.isyieldable">coroutine.isyieldable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.resume">coroutine.resume</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.running">coroutine.running</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.status">coroutine.status</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.wrap">coroutine.wrap</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.yield">coroutine.yield</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.10">debug</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.debug">debug.debug</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.gethook">debug.gethook</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.getinfo">debug.getinfo</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.getlocal">debug.getlocal</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.getmetatable">debug.getmetatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.getregistry">debug.getregistry</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.getupvalue">debug.getupvalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.getuservalue">debug.getuservalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.sethook">debug.sethook</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.setlocal">debug.setlocal</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.setmetatable">debug.setmetatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.setupvalue">debug.setupvalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.setuservalue">debug.setuservalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.traceback">debug.traceback</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.upvalueid">debug.upvalueid</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.upvaluejoin">debug.upvaluejoin</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.8">io</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.close">io.close</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.flush">io.flush</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.input">io.input</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.lines">io.lines</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.open">io.open</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.output">io.output</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.popen">io.popen</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.read">io.read</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.stderr">io.stderr</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.stdin">io.stdin</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.stdout">io.stdout</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.tmpfile">io.tmpfile</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.type">io.type</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.write">io.write</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:close">file:close</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:flush">file:flush</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:lines">file:lines</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:read">file:read</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:seek">file:seek</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:setvbuf">file:setvbuf</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:write">file:write</A><BR>
</TD>
<TD>
<H3>&nbsp;</H3>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.7">math</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.abs">math.abs</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.acos">math.acos</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.asin">math.asin</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.atan">math.atan</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.ceil">math.ceil</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.cos">math.cos</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.deg">math.deg</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.exp">math.exp</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.floor">math.floor</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.fmod">math.fmod</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.huge">math.huge</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.log">math.log</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.max">math.max</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.maxinteger">math.maxinteger</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.min">math.min</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.mininteger">math.mininteger</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.modf">math.modf</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.pi">math.pi</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.rad">math.rad</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.random">math.random</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.randomseed">math.randomseed</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.sin">math.sin</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.sqrt">math.sqrt</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.tan">math.tan</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.tointeger">math.tointeger</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.type">math.type</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.ult">math.ult</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.9">os</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.clock">os.clock</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.date">os.date</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.difftime">os.difftime</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.execute">os.execute</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.exit">os.exit</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.getenv">os.getenv</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.remove">os.remove</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.rename">os.rename</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.setlocale">os.setlocale</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.time">os.time</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.tmpname">os.tmpname</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.3">package</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.config">package.config</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.cpath">package.cpath</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.loaded">package.loaded</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.loadlib">package.loadlib</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.path">package.path</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.preload">package.preload</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.searchers">package.searchers</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.searchpath">package.searchpath</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.4">string</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.byte">string.byte</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.char">string.char</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.dump">string.dump</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.find">string.find</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.format">string.format</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.gmatch">string.gmatch</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.gsub">string.gsub</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.len">string.len</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.lower">string.lower</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.match">string.match</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.pack">string.pack</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.packsize">string.packsize</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.rep">string.rep</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.reverse">string.reverse</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.sub">string.sub</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.unpack">string.unpack</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.upper">string.upper</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.6">table</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.concat">table.concat</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.insert">table.insert</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.move">table.move</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.pack">table.pack</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.remove">table.remove</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.sort">table.sort</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.unpack">table.unpack</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.5">utf8</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-utf8.char">utf8.char</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-utf8.charpattern">utf8.charpattern</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-utf8.codepoint">utf8.codepoint</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-utf8.codes">utf8.codes</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-utf8.len">utf8.len</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-utf8.offset">utf8.offset</A><BR>
<H3><A NAME="metamethods">metamethods</A></H3>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__add</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__band</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__bnot</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__bor</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__bxor</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__call</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#3.3.8">__close</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__concat</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__div</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__eq</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.5.3">__gc</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__idiv</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__index</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__le</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__len</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__lt</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-getmetatable">__metatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__mod</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.5.4">__mode</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__mul</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_newmetatable">__name</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__newindex</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-pairs">__pairs</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__pow</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__shl</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__shr</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__sub</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-tostring">__tostring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__unm</A><BR>
<H3><A NAME="env">environment<BR>variables</A></H3>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_CPATH">LUA_CPATH</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_CPATH_5_4">LUA_CPATH_5_4</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_INIT">LUA_INIT</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_INIT_5_4">LUA_INIT_5_4</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_PATH">LUA_PATH</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_PATH_5_4">LUA_PATH_5_4</A><BR>
</TD>
<TD>
<H3><A NAME="api">C API</A></H3>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Alloc">lua_Alloc</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_CFunction">lua_CFunction</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Debug">lua_Debug</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Hook">lua_Hook</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Integer">lua_Integer</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_KContext">lua_KContext</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_KFunction">lua_KFunction</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Number">lua_Number</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Reader">lua_Reader</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_State">lua_State</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Unsigned">lua_Unsigned</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_WarnFunction">lua_WarnFunction</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Writer">lua_Writer</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_absindex">lua_absindex</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_arith">lua_arith</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_atpanic">lua_atpanic</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_call">lua_call</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_callk">lua_callk</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_checkstack">lua_checkstack</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_close">lua_close</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_closeslot">lua_closeslot</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_compare">lua_compare</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_concat">lua_concat</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_copy">lua_copy</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_createtable">lua_createtable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_dump">lua_dump</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_error">lua_error</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_gc">lua_gc</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getallocf">lua_getallocf</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getextraspace">lua_getextraspace</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getfield">lua_getfield</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getglobal">lua_getglobal</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_gethook">lua_gethook</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_gethookcount">lua_gethookcount</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_gethookmask">lua_gethookmask</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_geti">lua_geti</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getinfo">lua_getinfo</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getiuservalue">lua_getiuservalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getlocal">lua_getlocal</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getmetatable">lua_getmetatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getstack">lua_getstack</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_gettable">lua_gettable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_gettop">lua_gettop</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getupvalue">lua_getupvalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_insert">lua_insert</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isboolean">lua_isboolean</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_iscfunction">lua_iscfunction</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isfunction">lua_isfunction</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isinteger">lua_isinteger</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_islightuserdata">lua_islightuserdata</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isnil">lua_isnil</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isnone">lua_isnone</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isnoneornil">lua_isnoneornil</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isnumber">lua_isnumber</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isstring">lua_isstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_istable">lua_istable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isthread">lua_isthread</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isuserdata">lua_isuserdata</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isyieldable">lua_isyieldable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_len">lua_len</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_load">lua_load</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_newstate">lua_newstate</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_newtable">lua_newtable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_newthread">lua_newthread</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_newuserdatauv">lua_newuserdatauv</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_next">lua_next</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_numbertointeger">lua_numbertointeger</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pcall">lua_pcall</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pcallk">lua_pcallk</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pop">lua_pop</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushboolean">lua_pushboolean</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushcclosure">lua_pushcclosure</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushcfunction">lua_pushcfunction</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushfstring">lua_pushfstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushglobaltable">lua_pushglobaltable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushinteger">lua_pushinteger</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushlightuserdata">lua_pushlightuserdata</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushliteral">lua_pushliteral</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushlstring">lua_pushlstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushnil">lua_pushnil</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushnumber">lua_pushnumber</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushstring">lua_pushstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushthread">lua_pushthread</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushvalue">lua_pushvalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushvfstring">lua_pushvfstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawequal">lua_rawequal</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawget">lua_rawget</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawgeti">lua_rawgeti</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawgetp">lua_rawgetp</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawlen">lua_rawlen</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawset">lua_rawset</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawseti">lua_rawseti</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawsetp">lua_rawsetp</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_register">lua_register</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_remove">lua_remove</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_replace">lua_replace</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_resetthread">lua_resetthread</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_resume">lua_resume</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rotate">lua_rotate</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setallocf">lua_setallocf</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setfield">lua_setfield</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setglobal">lua_setglobal</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_sethook">lua_sethook</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_seti">lua_seti</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setiuservalue">lua_setiuservalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setlocal">lua_setlocal</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setmetatable">lua_setmetatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_settable">lua_settable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_settop">lua_settop</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setupvalue">lua_setupvalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setwarnf">lua_setwarnf</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_status">lua_status</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_stringtonumber">lua_stringtonumber</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_toboolean">lua_toboolean</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tocfunction">lua_tocfunction</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_toclose">lua_toclose</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tointeger">lua_tointeger</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tointegerx">lua_tointegerx</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tolstring">lua_tolstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tonumber">lua_tonumber</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tonumberx">lua_tonumberx</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_topointer">lua_topointer</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tostring">lua_tostring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tothread">lua_tothread</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_touserdata">lua_touserdata</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_type">lua_type</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_typename">lua_typename</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_upvalueid">lua_upvalueid</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_upvalueindex">lua_upvalueindex</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_upvaluejoin">lua_upvaluejoin</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_version">lua_version</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_warning">lua_warning</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_xmove">lua_xmove</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_yield">lua_yield</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_yieldk">lua_yieldk</A><BR>
</TD>
<TD>
<H3><A NAME="auxlib">auxiliary library</A></H3>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_Buffer">luaL_Buffer</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_Reg">luaL_Reg</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_Stream">luaL_Stream</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_addchar">luaL_addchar</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_addgsub">luaL_addgsub</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_addlstring">luaL_addlstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_addsize">luaL_addsize</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_addstring">luaL_addstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_addvalue">luaL_addvalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_argcheck">luaL_argcheck</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_argerror">luaL_argerror</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_argexpected">luaL_argexpected</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_buffaddr">luaL_buffaddr</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_buffinit">luaL_buffinit</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_buffinitsize">luaL_buffinitsize</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_bufflen">luaL_bufflen</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_buffsub">luaL_buffsub</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_callmeta">luaL_callmeta</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkany">luaL_checkany</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkinteger">luaL_checkinteger</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checklstring">luaL_checklstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checknumber">luaL_checknumber</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkoption">luaL_checkoption</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkstack">luaL_checkstack</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkstring">luaL_checkstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checktype">luaL_checktype</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkudata">luaL_checkudata</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkversion">luaL_checkversion</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_dofile">luaL_dofile</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_dostring">luaL_dostring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_error">luaL_error</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_execresult">luaL_execresult</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_fileresult">luaL_fileresult</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_getmetafield">luaL_getmetafield</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_getmetatable">luaL_getmetatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_getsubtable">luaL_getsubtable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_gsub">luaL_gsub</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_len">luaL_len</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_loadbuffer">luaL_loadbuffer</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_loadbufferx">luaL_loadbufferx</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_loadfile">luaL_loadfile</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_loadfilex">luaL_loadfilex</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_loadstring">luaL_loadstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_newlib">luaL_newlib</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_newlibtable">luaL_newlibtable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_newmetatable">luaL_newmetatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_newstate">luaL_newstate</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_openlibs">luaL_openlibs</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_opt">luaL_opt</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_optinteger">luaL_optinteger</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_optlstring">luaL_optlstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_optnumber">luaL_optnumber</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_optstring">luaL_optstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_prepbuffer">luaL_prepbuffer</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_prepbuffsize">luaL_prepbuffsize</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_pushfail">luaL_pushfail</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_pushresult">luaL_pushresult</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_pushresultsize">luaL_pushresultsize</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_ref">luaL_ref</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_requiref">luaL_requiref</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_setfuncs">luaL_setfuncs</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_setmetatable">luaL_setmetatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_testudata">luaL_testudata</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_tolstring">luaL_tolstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_traceback">luaL_traceback</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_typeerror">luaL_typeerror</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_typename">luaL_typename</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_unref">luaL_unref</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_where">luaL_where</A><BR>
<H3><A NAME="library">standard library</A></H3>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_base">luaopen_base</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_coroutine">luaopen_coroutine</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_debug">luaopen_debug</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_io">luaopen_io</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_math">luaopen_math</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_os">luaopen_os</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_package">luaopen_package</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_string">luaopen_string</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_table">luaopen_table</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_utf8">luaopen_utf8</A><BR>
<H3><A NAME="constants">constants</A></H3>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_ERRERR">LUA_ERRERR</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_ERRFILE">LUA_ERRFILE</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_ERRMEM">LUA_ERRMEM</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_ERRRUN">LUA_ERRRUN</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_ERRSYNTAX">LUA_ERRSYNTAX</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_HOOKCALL">LUA_HOOKCALL</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_HOOKCOUNT">LUA_HOOKCOUNT</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_HOOKLINE">LUA_HOOKLINE</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_HOOKRET">LUA_HOOKRET</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_HOOKTAILCALL">LUA_HOOKTAILCALL</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_LOADED_TABLE">LUA_LOADED_TABLE</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MASKCALL">LUA_MASKCALL</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MASKCOUNT">LUA_MASKCOUNT</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MASKLINE">LUA_MASKLINE</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MASKRET">LUA_MASKRET</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MAXINTEGER">LUA_MAXINTEGER</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MININTEGER">LUA_MININTEGER</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MINSTACK">LUA_MINSTACK</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MULTRET">LUA_MULTRET</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_NOREF">LUA_NOREF</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OK">LUA_OK</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPADD">LUA_OPADD</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPBAND">LUA_OPBAND</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPBNOT">LUA_OPBNOT</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPBOR">LUA_OPBOR</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPBXOR">LUA_OPBXOR</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPDIV">LUA_OPDIV</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPEQ">LUA_OPEQ</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPIDIV">LUA_OPIDIV</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPLE">LUA_OPLE</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPLT">LUA_OPLT</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPMOD">LUA_OPMOD</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPMUL">LUA_OPMUL</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPPOW">LUA_OPPOW</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPSHL">LUA_OPSHL</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPSHR">LUA_OPSHR</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPSUB">LUA_OPSUB</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPUNM">LUA_OPUNM</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE">LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_REFNIL">LUA_REFNIL</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_REGISTRYINDEX">LUA_REGISTRYINDEX</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS">LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD">LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TBOOLEAN">LUA_TBOOLEAN</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TFUNCTION">LUA_TFUNCTION</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA">LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TNIL">LUA_TNIL</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TNONE">LUA_TNONE</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TNUMBER">LUA_TNUMBER</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TSTRING">LUA_TSTRING</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TTABLE">LUA_TTABLE</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TTHREAD">LUA_TTHREAD</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TUSERDATA">LUA_TUSERDATA</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_USE_APICHECK">LUA_USE_APICHECK</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_YIELD">LUA_YIELD</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUAL_BUFFERSIZE">LUAL_BUFFERSIZE</A><BR>
</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<P CLASS="footer">
Last update:
Sat Apr 1 17:57:05 UTC 2023
</P>
<!--
Last change: revised for Lua 5.4.5
-->
</BODY>
</HTML>

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.\" $Id: lua.man,v 1.14 2022/09/23 09:06:36 lhf Exp $
.TH LUA 1 "$Date: 2022/09/23 09:06:36 $"
.SH NAME
lua \- Lua interpreter
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B lua
[
.I options
]
[
.I script
[
.I args
]
]
.SH DESCRIPTION
.B lua
is the standalone Lua interpreter.
It loads and executes Lua programs,
either in textual source form or
in precompiled binary form.
(Precompiled binaries are output by
.BR luac ,
the Lua compiler.)
.B lua
can be used as a batch interpreter and also interactively.
.LP
After handling the
.IR options ,
the Lua program in file
.I script
is loaded and executed.
The
.I args
are available to
.I script
as strings in a global table named
.B arg
and also as arguments to its main function.
When called without arguments,
.B lua
behaves as
.B "lua \-v \-i"
if the standard input is a terminal,
and as
.B "lua \-"
otherwise.
.LP
In interactive mode,
.B lua
prompts the user,
reads lines from the standard input,
and executes them as they are read.
If the line contains an expression,
then the line is evaluated and the result is printed.
If a line does not contain a complete statement,
then a secondary prompt is displayed and
lines are read until a complete statement is formed or
a syntax error is found.
.LP
Before handling command line options and scripts,
.B lua
checks the contents of the environment variables
.B LUA_INIT_5_4
and
.BR LUA_INIT ,
in that order.
If the contents are of the form
.RI '@ filename ',
then
.I filename
is executed.
Otherwise, the contents are assumed to be a Lua statement and is executed.
When
.B LUA_INIT_5_4
is defined,
.B LUA_INIT
is ignored.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
.BI \-e " stat"
execute statement
.IR stat .
.TP
.B \-i
enter interactive mode after executing
.IR script .
.TP
.BI \-l " mod"
require library
.I mod
into global
.IR mod .
.TP
.BI \-l " g=mod"
require library
.I mod
into global
.IR g .
.TP
.B \-v
show version information.
.TP
.B \-E
ignore environment variables.
.TP
.B \-W
turn warnings on.
.TP
.B \-\-
stop handling options.
.TP
.B \-
stop handling options and execute the standard input as a file.
.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
The following environment variables affect the execution of
.BR lua .
When defined,
the version-specific variants take priority
and the version-neutral variants are ignored.
.TP
.B LUA_INIT, LUA_INIT_5_4
Code to be executed before command line options and scripts.
.TP
.B LUA_PATH, LUA_PATH_5_4
Initial value of package.cpath,
the path used by require to search for Lua loaders.
.TP
.B LUA_CPATH, LUA_CPATH_5_4
Initial value of package.cpath,
the path used by require to search for C loaders.
.SH EXIT STATUS
If a script calls os.exit,
then
.B lua
exits with the given exit status.
Otherwise,
.B lua
exits
with EXIT_SUCCESS (0 on POSIX systems) if there were no errors
and
with EXIT_FAILURE (1 on POSIX systems) if there were errors.
Errors raised in interactive mode do not cause exits.
.SH DIAGNOSTICS
Error messages should be self explanatory.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR luac (1)
.br
The documentation at lua.org,
especially section 7 of the reference manual.
.SH AUTHORS
R. Ierusalimschy,
L. H. de Figueiredo,
W. Celes
.\" EOF

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img {
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.\" $Id: luac.man,v 1.29 2011/11/16 13:53:40 lhf Exp $
.TH LUAC 1 "$Date: 2011/11/16 13:53:40 $"
.SH NAME
luac \- Lua compiler
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B luac
[
.I options
] [
.I filenames
]
.SH DESCRIPTION
.B luac
is the Lua compiler.
It translates programs written in the Lua programming language
into binary files containing precompiled chunks
that can be later loaded and executed.
.LP
The main advantages of precompiling chunks are:
faster loading,
protecting source code from accidental user changes,
and
off-line syntax checking.
Precompiling does not imply faster execution
because in Lua chunks are always compiled into bytecodes before being executed.
.B luac
simply allows those bytecodes to be saved in a file for later execution.
Precompiled chunks are not necessarily smaller than the corresponding source.
The main goal in precompiling is faster loading.
.LP
In the command line,
you can mix
text files containing Lua source and
binary files containing precompiled chunks.
.B luac
produces a single output file containing the combined bytecodes
for all files given.
Executing the combined file is equivalent to executing the given files.
By default,
the output file is named
.BR luac.out ,
but you can change this with the
.B \-o
option.
.LP
Precompiled chunks are
.I not
portable across different architectures.
Moreover,
the internal format of precompiled chunks
is likely to change when a new version of Lua is released.
Make sure you save the source files of all Lua programs that you precompile.
.LP
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
.B \-l
produce a listing of the compiled bytecode for Lua's virtual machine.
Listing bytecodes is useful to learn about Lua's virtual machine.
If no files are given, then
.B luac
loads
.B luac.out
and lists its contents.
Use
.B \-l \-l
for a full listing.
.TP
.BI \-o " file"
output to
.IR file ,
instead of the default
.BR luac.out .
(You can use
.B "'\-'"
for standard output,
but not on platforms that open standard output in text mode.)
The output file may be one of the given files because
all files are loaded before the output file is written.
Be careful not to overwrite precious files.
.TP
.B \-p
load files but do not generate any output file.
Used mainly for syntax checking and for testing precompiled chunks:
corrupted files will probably generate errors when loaded.
If no files are given, then
.B luac
loads
.B luac.out
and tests its contents.
No messages are displayed if the file loads without errors.
.TP
.B \-s
strip debug information before writing the output file.
This saves some space in very large chunks,
but if errors occur when running a stripped chunk,
then the error messages may not contain the full information they usually do.
In particular,
line numbers and names of local variables are lost.
.TP
.B \-v
show version information.
.TP
.B \-\-
stop handling options.
.TP
.B \-
stop handling options and process standard input.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR lua (1)
.br
The documentation at lua.org.
.SH DIAGNOSTICS
Error messages should be self explanatory.
.SH AUTHORS
R. Ierusalimschy,
L. H. de Figueiredo,
W. Celes
.\" EOF

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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Lua 5.4 readme</TITLE>
<LINK REL="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="lua.css">
<META HTTP-EQUIV="content-type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<STYLE TYPE="text/css">
blockquote, .display {
border: solid #a0a0a0 2px ;
border-radius: 8px ;
padding: 1em ;
margin: 0px ;
}
.display {
word-spacing: 0.25em ;
}
dl.display dd {
padding-bottom: 0.2em ;
}
tt, kbd, code {
font-size: 12pt ;
}
</STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/"><IMG SRC="logo.gif" ALT="Lua"></A>
Welcome to Lua 5.4
</H1>
<DIV CLASS="menubar">
<A HREF="#about">about</A>
&middot;
<A HREF="#install">installation</A>
&middot;
<A HREF="#changes">changes</A>
&middot;
<A HREF="#license">license</A>
&middot;
<A HREF="contents.html">reference manual</A>
</DIV>
<H2><A NAME="about">About Lua</A></H2>
<P>
Lua is a powerful, efficient, lightweight, embeddable scripting language
developed by a
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/authors.html">team</A>
at
<A HREF="http://www.puc-rio.br/">PUC-Rio</A>,
the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil.
Lua is
<A HREF="#license">free software</A>
used in
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/uses.html">many products and projects</A>
around the world.
<P>
Lua's
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/">official web site</A>
provides complete information
about Lua,
including
an
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/about.html">executive summary</A>
and
updated
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/docs.html">documentation</A>,
especially the
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/manual/5.4/">reference manual</A>,
which may differ slightly from the
<A HREF="contents.html">local copy</A>
distributed in this package.
<H2><A NAME="install">Installing Lua</A></H2>
<P>
Lua is distributed in
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/ftp/">source</A>
form.
You need to build it before using it.
Building Lua should be straightforward
because
Lua is implemented in pure ANSI C and compiles unmodified in all known
platforms that have an ANSI C compiler.
Lua also compiles unmodified as C++.
The instructions given below for building Lua are for Unix-like platforms,
such as Linux and Mac OS X.
See also
<A HREF="#other">instructions for other systems</A>
and
<A HREF="#customization">customization options</A>.
<P>
If you don't have the time or the inclination to compile Lua yourself,
get a binary from
<A HREF="http://lua-users.org/wiki/LuaBinaries">LuaBinaries</A>.
<H3>Building Lua</H3>
<P>
In most common Unix-like platforms, simply do "<KBD>make</KBD>".
Here are the details.
<OL>
<LI>
Open a terminal window and move to
the top-level directory, which is named <TT>lua-5.4.6</TT>.
The <TT>Makefile</TT> there controls both the build process and the installation process.
<P>
<LI>
Do "<KBD>make</KBD>". The <TT>Makefile</TT> will guess your platform and build Lua for it.
<P>
<LI>
If the guess failed, do "<KBD>make help</KBD>" and see if your platform is listed.
The platforms currently supported are:
<P>
<P CLASS="display">
guess aix bsd c89 freebsd generic ios linux linux-readline macosx mingw posix solaris
</P>
<P>
If your platform is listed, just do "<KBD>make xxx</KBD>", where xxx
is your platform name.
<P>
If your platform is not listed, try the closest one or posix, generic,
c89, in this order.
<P>
<LI>
The compilation takes only a few moments
and produces three files in the <TT>src</TT> directory:
lua (the interpreter),
luac (the compiler),
and liblua.a (the library).
<P>
<LI>
To check that Lua has been built correctly, do "<KBD>make test</KBD>"
after building Lua. This will run the interpreter and print its version.
</OL>
<P>
If you're running Linux, try "<KBD>make linux-readline</KBD>" to build the interactive Lua interpreter with handy line-editing and history capabilities.
If you get compilation errors,
make sure you have installed the <TT>readline</TT> development package
(which is probably named <TT>libreadline-dev</TT> or <TT>readline-devel</TT>).
If you get link errors after that,
then try "<KBD>make linux-readline MYLIBS=-ltermcap</KBD>".
<H3>Installing Lua</H3>
<P>
Once you have built Lua, you may want to install it in an official
place in your system. In this case, do "<KBD>make install</KBD>". The official
place and the way to install files are defined in the <TT>Makefile</TT>. You'll
probably need the right permissions to install files, and so may need to do "<KBD>sudo make install</KBD>".
<P>
To build and install Lua in one step, do "<KBD>make all install</KBD>",
or "<KBD>make xxx install</KBD>",
where xxx is your platform name.
<P>
To install Lua locally after building it, do "<KBD>make local</KBD>".
This will create a directory <TT>install</TT> with subdirectories
<TT>bin</TT>, <TT>include</TT>, <TT>lib</TT>, <TT>man</TT>, <TT>share</TT>,
and install Lua as listed below.
To install Lua locally, but in some other directory, do
"<KBD>make install INSTALL_TOP=xxx</KBD>", where xxx is your chosen directory.
The installation starts in the <TT>src</TT> and <TT>doc</TT> directories,
so take care if <TT>INSTALL_TOP</TT> is not an absolute path.
<DL CLASS="display">
<DT>
bin:
<DD>
lua luac
<DT>
include:
<DD>
lua.h luaconf.h lualib.h lauxlib.h lua.hpp
<DT>
lib:
<DD>
liblua.a
<DT>
man/man1:
<DD>
lua.1 luac.1
</DL>
<P>
These are the only directories you need for development.
If you only want to run Lua programs,
you only need the files in <TT>bin</TT> and <TT>man</TT>.
The files in <TT>include</TT> and <TT>lib</TT> are needed for
embedding Lua in C or C++ programs.
<H3><A NAME="customization">Customization</A></H3>
<P>
Three kinds of things can be customized by editing a file:
<UL>
<LI> Where and how to install Lua &mdash; edit <TT>Makefile</TT>.
<LI> How to build Lua &mdash; edit <TT>src/Makefile</TT>.
<LI> Lua features &mdash; edit <TT>src/luaconf.h</TT>.
</UL>
<P>
You don't actually need to edit the Makefiles because you may set the
relevant variables in the command line when invoking make.
Nevertheless, it's probably best to edit and save the Makefiles to
record the changes you've made.
<P>
On the other hand, if you need to customize some Lua features, you'll need
to edit <TT>src/luaconf.h</TT> before building and installing Lua.
The edited file will be the one installed, and
it will be used by any Lua clients that you build, to ensure consistency.
Further customization is available to experts by editing the Lua sources.
<H3><A NAME="other">Building Lua on other systems</A></H3>
<P>
If you're not using the usual Unix tools, then the instructions for
building Lua depend on the compiler you use. You'll need to create
projects (or whatever your compiler uses) for building the library,
the interpreter, and the compiler, as follows:
<DL CLASS="display">
<DT>
library:
<DD>
lapi.c lcode.c lctype.c ldebug.c ldo.c ldump.c lfunc.c lgc.c llex.c lmem.c lobject.c lopcodes.c lparser.c lstate.c lstring.c ltable.c ltm.c lundump.c lvm.c lzio.c
lauxlib.c lbaselib.c lcorolib.c ldblib.c liolib.c lmathlib.c loadlib.c loslib.c lstrlib.c ltablib.c lutf8lib.c linit.c
<DT>
interpreter:
<DD>
library, lua.c
<DT>
compiler:
<DD>
library, luac.c
</DL>
<P>
To use Lua as a library in your own programs, you'll need to know how to
create and use libraries with your compiler. Moreover, to dynamically load
C libraries for Lua, you'll need to know how to create dynamic libraries
and you'll need to make sure that the Lua API functions are accessible to
those dynamic libraries &mdash; but <EM>don't</EM> link the Lua library
into each dynamic library. For Unix, we recommend that the Lua library
be linked statically into the host program and its symbols exported for
dynamic linking; <TT>src/Makefile</TT> does this for the Lua interpreter.
For Windows, we recommend that the Lua library be a DLL.
In all cases, the compiler luac should be linked statically.
<P>
As mentioned above, you may edit <TT>src/luaconf.h</TT> to customize
some features before building Lua.
<H2><A NAME="changes">Changes since Lua 5.3</A></H2>
<P>
Here are the main changes introduced in Lua 5.4.
The
<A HREF="contents.html">reference manual</A>
lists the
<A HREF="manual.html#8">incompatibilities</A> that had to be introduced.
<H3>Main changes</H3>
<UL>
<LI> new generational mode for garbage collection
<LI> to-be-closed variables
<LI> const variables
<LI> userdata can have multiple user values
<LI> new implementation for math.random
<LI> warning system
<LI> debug information about function arguments and returns
<LI> new semantics for the integer 'for' loop
<LI> optional 'init' argument to 'string.gmatch'
<LI> new functions 'lua_resetthread' and 'coroutine.close'
<LI> string-to-number coercions moved to the string library
<LI> allocation function allowed to fail when shrinking a memory block
<LI> new format '%p' in 'string.format'
<LI> utf8 library accepts codepoints up to 2^31
</UL>
<H2><A NAME="license">License</A></H2>
<P>
<A HREF="http://www.opensource.org/docs/definition.php">
<IMG SRC="osi-certified-72x60.png" ALIGN="right" ALT="[osi certified]" STYLE="padding-left: 30px ;">
</A>
Lua is free software distributed under the terms of the
<A HREF="http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.html">MIT license</A>
reproduced below;
it may be used for any purpose, including commercial purposes,
at absolutely no cost without having to ask us.
The only requirement is that if you do use Lua,
then you should give us credit by including the appropriate copyright notice somewhere in your product or its documentation.
For details, see
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/license.html">this</A>.
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="padding-bottom: 0em">
Copyright &copy; 1994&ndash;2023 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
<P>
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
<P>
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
<P>
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>
<P CLASS="footer">
Last update:
Tue May 2 20:08:55 UTC 2023
</P>
<!--
Last change: revised for Lua 5.4.6
-->
</BODY>
</HTML>

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# Makefile for building Lua
# See ../doc/readme.html for installation and customization instructions.
# == CHANGE THE SETTINGS BELOW TO SUIT YOUR ENVIRONMENT =======================
# Your platform. See PLATS for possible values.
PLAT= linux
CC= ../../../05/tcc-0.9.27/tcc
CFLAGS= -nostdinc -B ../../../05/tcc-boostrap -I ../../../05/musl-bootstrap/include $(SYSCFLAGS) $(MYCFLAGS)
LDFLAGS= -nostdlib $(SYSLDFLAGS) $(MYLDFLAGS)
LIBS= $(SYSLIBS) $(MYLIBS)
AR= ../../../05/tcc-0.9.27/tcc -ar rc
RANLIB= ranlib
RM= rm -f
UNAME= uname
SYSCFLAGS=
SYSLDFLAGS=
SYSLIBS=
MYCFLAGS=
MYLDFLAGS=
MYLIBS=
MYOBJS=
# Special flags for compiler modules; -Os reduces code size.
CMCFLAGS=
# == END OF USER SETTINGS -- NO NEED TO CHANGE ANYTHING BELOW THIS LINE =======
PLATS= guess aix bsd c89 freebsd generic ios linux linux-readline macosx mingw posix solaris
LUA_A= liblua.a
CORE_O= lapi.o lcode.o lctype.o ldebug.o ldo.o ldump.o lfunc.o lgc.o llex.o lmem.o lobject.o lopcodes.o lparser.o lstate.o lstring.o ltable.o ltm.o lundump.o lvm.o lzio.o
LIB_O= lauxlib.o lbaselib.o lcorolib.o ldblib.o liolib.o lmathlib.o loadlib.o loslib.o lstrlib.o ltablib.o lutf8lib.o linit.o
BASE_O= $(CORE_O) $(LIB_O) $(MYOBJS)
LUA_T= lua
LUA_O= lua.o
LUAC_T= luac
LUAC_O= luac.o
ALL_O= $(BASE_O) $(LUA_O) $(LUAC_O)
ALL_T= $(LUA_A) $(LUA_T) $(LUAC_T)
ALL_A= $(LUA_A)
# Targets start here.
default: $(PLAT)
all: $(ALL_T)
o: $(ALL_O)
a: $(ALL_A)
$(LUA_A): $(BASE_O)
$(AR) $@ $(BASE_O)
$(RANLIB) $@
$(LUA_T): $(LUA_O) $(LUA_A)
$(CC) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS) $(LUA_O) $(LUA_A) $(LIBS) ../../../05/musl-bootstrap/lib/*.[oa]
$(LUAC_T): $(LUAC_O) $(LUA_A)
$(CC) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS) $(LUAC_O) $(LUA_A) $(LIBS) ../../../05/musl-bootstrap/lib/*.[oa]
test:
./$(LUA_T) -v
clean:
$(RM) $(ALL_T) $(ALL_O)
depend:
@$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -MM l*.c
echo:
@echo "PLAT= $(PLAT)"
@echo "CC= $(CC)"
@echo "CFLAGS= $(CFLAGS)"
@echo "LDFLAGS= $(LDFLAGS)"
@echo "LIBS= $(LIBS)"
@echo "AR= $(AR)"
@echo "RANLIB= $(RANLIB)"
@echo "RM= $(RM)"
@echo "UNAME= $(UNAME)"
# Convenience targets for popular platforms.
ALL= all
help:
@echo "Do 'make PLATFORM' where PLATFORM is one of these:"
@echo " $(PLATS)"
@echo "See doc/readme.html for complete instructions."
guess:
@echo Guessing `$(UNAME)`
@$(MAKE) `$(UNAME)`
AIX aix:
$(MAKE) $(ALL) CC="xlc" CFLAGS="-O2 -DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN" SYSLIBS="-ldl" SYSLDFLAGS="-brtl -bexpall"
bsd:
$(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN" SYSLIBS="-Wl,-E"
c89:
$(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_C89"
@echo ''
@echo '*** C89 does not guarantee 64-bit integers for Lua.'
@echo '*** Make sure to compile all external Lua libraries'
@echo '*** with LUA_USE_C89 to ensure consistency'
@echo ''
FreeBSD NetBSD OpenBSD freebsd:
$(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_LINUX -DLUA_USE_READLINE -I/usr/include/edit" SYSLIBS="-Wl,-E -ledit" CC="cc"
generic: $(ALL)
ios:
$(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_IOS"
Linux linux: linux-noreadline
linux-noreadline:
$(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_LINUX" SYSLIBS="-Wl,-E -ldl"
linux-readline:
$(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_LINUX -DLUA_USE_READLINE" SYSLIBS="-Wl,-E -ldl -lreadline"
Darwin macos macosx:
$(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_MACOSX -DLUA_USE_READLINE" SYSLIBS="-lreadline"
mingw:
$(MAKE) "LUA_A=lua54.dll" "LUA_T=lua.exe" \
"AR=$(CC) -shared -o" "RANLIB=strip --strip-unneeded" \
"SYSCFLAGS=-DLUA_BUILD_AS_DLL" "SYSLIBS=" "SYSLDFLAGS=-s" lua.exe
$(MAKE) "LUAC_T=luac.exe" luac.exe
posix:
$(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_POSIX"
SunOS solaris:
$(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN -D_REENTRANT" SYSLIBS="-ldl"
# Targets that do not create files (not all makes understand .PHONY).
.PHONY: all $(PLATS) help test clean default o a depend echo
# Compiler modules may use special flags.
llex.o:
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CMCFLAGS) -c llex.c
lparser.o:
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CMCFLAGS) -c lparser.c
lcode.o:
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CMCFLAGS) -c lcode.c
# DO NOT DELETE
lapi.o: lapi.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h \
lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lstring.h \
ltable.h lundump.h lvm.h
lauxlib.o: lauxlib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h
lbaselib.o: lbaselib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
lcode.o: lcode.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lcode.h llex.h lobject.h \
llimits.h lzio.h lmem.h lopcodes.h lparser.h ldebug.h lstate.h ltm.h \
ldo.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h lvm.h
lcorolib.o: lcorolib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
lctype.o: lctype.c lprefix.h lctype.h lua.h luaconf.h llimits.h
ldblib.o: ldblib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
ldebug.o: ldebug.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h \
lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lcode.h llex.h lopcodes.h lparser.h \
ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h lvm.h
ldo.o: ldo.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h \
lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lopcodes.h \
lparser.h lstring.h ltable.h lundump.h lvm.h
ldump.o: ldump.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lobject.h llimits.h lstate.h \
ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lundump.h
lfunc.o: lfunc.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \
llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h
lgc.o: lgc.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \
llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h
linit.o: linit.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lualib.h lauxlib.h
liolib.o: liolib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
llex.o: llex.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lctype.h llimits.h ldebug.h \
lstate.h lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h llex.h lparser.h \
lstring.h ltable.h
lmathlib.o: lmathlib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
lmem.o: lmem.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \
llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h
loadlib.o: loadlib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
lobject.o: lobject.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lctype.h llimits.h \
ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lstring.h lgc.h \
lvm.h
lopcodes.o: lopcodes.c lprefix.h lopcodes.h llimits.h lua.h luaconf.h
loslib.o: loslib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
lparser.o: lparser.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lcode.h llex.h lobject.h \
llimits.h lzio.h lmem.h lopcodes.h lparser.h ldebug.h lstate.h ltm.h \
ldo.h lfunc.h lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h
lstate.o: lstate.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h \
lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h llex.h \
lstring.h ltable.h
lstring.o: lstring.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h \
lobject.h llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lstring.h lgc.h
lstrlib.o: lstrlib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
ltable.o: ltable.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \
llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h lvm.h
ltablib.o: ltablib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
ltm.o: ltm.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \
llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h lvm.h
lua.o: lua.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
luac.o: luac.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h ldebug.h lstate.h \
lobject.h llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lopcodes.h lopnames.h lundump.h
lundump.o: lundump.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h \
lobject.h llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lstring.h lgc.h \
lundump.h
lutf8lib.o: lutf8lib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
lvm.o: lvm.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \
llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lopcodes.h lstring.h \
ltable.h lvm.h ljumptab.h
lzio.o: lzio.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h llimits.h lmem.h lstate.h \
lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h
# (end of Makefile)

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/*
** $Id: lapi.h $
** Auxiliary functions from Lua API
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#ifndef lapi_h
#define lapi_h
#include "llimits.h"
#include "lstate.h"
/* Increments 'L->top.p', checking for stack overflows */
#define api_incr_top(L) {L->top.p++; \
api_check(L, L->top.p <= L->ci->top.p, \
"stack overflow");}
/*
** If a call returns too many multiple returns, the callee may not have
** stack space to accommodate all results. In this case, this macro
** increases its stack space ('L->ci->top.p').
*/
#define adjustresults(L,nres) \
{ if ((nres) <= LUA_MULTRET && L->ci->top.p < L->top.p) \
L->ci->top.p = L->top.p; }
/* Ensure the stack has at least 'n' elements */
#define api_checknelems(L,n) \
api_check(L, (n) < (L->top.p - L->ci->func.p), \
"not enough elements in the stack")
/*
** To reduce the overhead of returning from C functions, the presence of
** to-be-closed variables in these functions is coded in the CallInfo's
** field 'nresults', in a way that functions with no to-be-closed variables
** with zero, one, or "all" wanted results have no overhead. Functions
** with other number of wanted results, as well as functions with
** variables to be closed, have an extra check.
*/
#define hastocloseCfunc(n) ((n) < LUA_MULTRET)
/* Map [-1, inf) (range of 'nresults') into (-inf, -2] */
#define codeNresults(n) (-(n) - 3)
#define decodeNresults(n) (-(n) - 3)
#endif

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/*
** $Id: lauxlib.h $
** Auxiliary functions for building Lua libraries
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#ifndef lauxlib_h
#define lauxlib_h
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "luaconf.h"
#include "lua.h"
/* global table */
#define LUA_GNAME "_G"
typedef struct luaL_Buffer luaL_Buffer;
/* extra error code for 'luaL_loadfilex' */
#define LUA_ERRFILE (LUA_ERRERR+1)
/* key, in the registry, for table of loaded modules */
#define LUA_LOADED_TABLE "_LOADED"
/* key, in the registry, for table of preloaded loaders */
#define LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE "_PRELOAD"
typedef struct luaL_Reg {
const char *name;
lua_CFunction func;
} luaL_Reg;
#define LUAL_NUMSIZES (sizeof(lua_Integer)*16 + sizeof(lua_Number))
LUALIB_API void (luaL_checkversion_) (lua_State *L, lua_Number ver, size_t sz);
#define luaL_checkversion(L) \
luaL_checkversion_(L, LUA_VERSION_NUM, LUAL_NUMSIZES)
LUALIB_API int (luaL_getmetafield) (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *e);
LUALIB_API int (luaL_callmeta) (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *e);
LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_tolstring) (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len);
LUALIB_API int (luaL_argerror) (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *extramsg);
LUALIB_API int (luaL_typeerror) (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *tname);
LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_checklstring) (lua_State *L, int arg,
size_t *l);
LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_optlstring) (lua_State *L, int arg,
const char *def, size_t *l);
LUALIB_API lua_Number (luaL_checknumber) (lua_State *L, int arg);
LUALIB_API lua_Number (luaL_optnumber) (lua_State *L, int arg, lua_Number def);
LUALIB_API lua_Integer (luaL_checkinteger) (lua_State *L, int arg);
LUALIB_API lua_Integer (luaL_optinteger) (lua_State *L, int arg,
lua_Integer def);
LUALIB_API void (luaL_checkstack) (lua_State *L, int sz, const char *msg);
LUALIB_API void (luaL_checktype) (lua_State *L, int arg, int t);
LUALIB_API void (luaL_checkany) (lua_State *L, int arg);
LUALIB_API int (luaL_newmetatable) (lua_State *L, const char *tname);
LUALIB_API void (luaL_setmetatable) (lua_State *L, const char *tname);
LUALIB_API void *(luaL_testudata) (lua_State *L, int ud, const char *tname);
LUALIB_API void *(luaL_checkudata) (lua_State *L, int ud, const char *tname);
LUALIB_API void (luaL_where) (lua_State *L, int lvl);
LUALIB_API int (luaL_error) (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...);
LUALIB_API int (luaL_checkoption) (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *def,
const char *const lst[]);
LUALIB_API int (luaL_fileresult) (lua_State *L, int stat, const char *fname);
LUALIB_API int (luaL_execresult) (lua_State *L, int stat);
/* predefined references */
#define LUA_NOREF (-2)
#define LUA_REFNIL (-1)
LUALIB_API int (luaL_ref) (lua_State *L, int t);
LUALIB_API void (luaL_unref) (lua_State *L, int t, int ref);
LUALIB_API int (luaL_loadfilex) (lua_State *L, const char *filename,
const char *mode);
#define luaL_loadfile(L,f) luaL_loadfilex(L,f,NULL)
LUALIB_API int (luaL_loadbufferx) (lua_State *L, const char *buff, size_t sz,
const char *name, const char *mode);
LUALIB_API int (luaL_loadstring) (lua_State *L, const char *s);
LUALIB_API lua_State *(luaL_newstate) (void);
LUALIB_API lua_Integer (luaL_len) (lua_State *L, int idx);
LUALIB_API void (luaL_addgsub) (luaL_Buffer *b, const char *s,
const char *p, const char *r);
LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_gsub) (lua_State *L, const char *s,
const char *p, const char *r);
LUALIB_API void (luaL_setfuncs) (lua_State *L, const luaL_Reg *l, int nup);
LUALIB_API int (luaL_getsubtable) (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *fname);
LUALIB_API void (luaL_traceback) (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1,
const char *msg, int level);
LUALIB_API void (luaL_requiref) (lua_State *L, const char *modname,
lua_CFunction openf, int glb);
/*
** ===============================================================
** some useful macros
** ===============================================================
*/
#define luaL_newlibtable(L,l) \
lua_createtable(L, 0, sizeof(l)/sizeof((l)[0]) - 1)
#define luaL_newlib(L,l) \
(luaL_checkversion(L), luaL_newlibtable(L,l), luaL_setfuncs(L,l,0))
#define luaL_argcheck(L, cond,arg,extramsg) \
((void)(luai_likely(cond) || luaL_argerror(L, (arg), (extramsg))))
#define luaL_argexpected(L,cond,arg,tname) \
((void)(luai_likely(cond) || luaL_typeerror(L, (arg), (tname))))
#define luaL_checkstring(L,n) (luaL_checklstring(L, (n), NULL))
#define luaL_optstring(L,n,d) (luaL_optlstring(L, (n), (d), NULL))
#define luaL_typename(L,i) lua_typename(L, lua_type(L,(i)))
#define luaL_dofile(L, fn) \
(luaL_loadfile(L, fn) || lua_pcall(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET, 0))
#define luaL_dostring(L, s) \
(luaL_loadstring(L, s) || lua_pcall(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET, 0))
#define luaL_getmetatable(L,n) (lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, (n)))
#define luaL_opt(L,f,n,d) (lua_isnoneornil(L,(n)) ? (d) : f(L,(n)))
#define luaL_loadbuffer(L,s,sz,n) luaL_loadbufferx(L,s,sz,n,NULL)
/*
** Perform arithmetic operations on lua_Integer values with wrap-around
** semantics, as the Lua core does.
*/
#define luaL_intop(op,v1,v2) \
((lua_Integer)((lua_Unsigned)(v1) op (lua_Unsigned)(v2)))
/* push the value used to represent failure/error */
#define luaL_pushfail(L) lua_pushnil(L)
/*
** Internal assertions for in-house debugging
*/
#if !defined(lua_assert)
#if defined LUAI_ASSERT
#include <assert.h>
#define lua_assert(c) assert(c)
#else
#define lua_assert(c) ((void)0)
#endif
#endif
/*
** {======================================================
** Generic Buffer manipulation
** =======================================================
*/
struct luaL_Buffer {
char *b; /* buffer address */
size_t size; /* buffer size */
size_t n; /* number of characters in buffer */
lua_State *L;
union {
LUAI_MAXALIGN; /* ensure maximum alignment for buffer */
char b[LUAL_BUFFERSIZE]; /* initial buffer */
} init;
};
#define luaL_bufflen(bf) ((bf)->n)
#define luaL_buffaddr(bf) ((bf)->b)
#define luaL_addchar(B,c) \
((void)((B)->n < (B)->size || luaL_prepbuffsize((B), 1)), \
((B)->b[(B)->n++] = (c)))
#define luaL_addsize(B,s) ((B)->n += (s))
#define luaL_buffsub(B,s) ((B)->n -= (s))
LUALIB_API void (luaL_buffinit) (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *B);
LUALIB_API char *(luaL_prepbuffsize) (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz);
LUALIB_API void (luaL_addlstring) (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s, size_t l);
LUALIB_API void (luaL_addstring) (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s);
LUALIB_API void (luaL_addvalue) (luaL_Buffer *B);
LUALIB_API void (luaL_pushresult) (luaL_Buffer *B);
LUALIB_API void (luaL_pushresultsize) (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz);
LUALIB_API char *(luaL_buffinitsize) (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz);
#define luaL_prepbuffer(B) luaL_prepbuffsize(B, LUAL_BUFFERSIZE)
/* }====================================================== */
/*
** {======================================================
** File handles for IO library
** =======================================================
*/
/*
** A file handle is a userdata with metatable 'LUA_FILEHANDLE' and
** initial structure 'luaL_Stream' (it may contain other fields
** after that initial structure).
*/
#define LUA_FILEHANDLE "FILE*"
typedef struct luaL_Stream {
FILE *f; /* stream (NULL for incompletely created streams) */
lua_CFunction closef; /* to close stream (NULL for closed streams) */
} luaL_Stream;
/* }====================================================== */
/*
** {==================================================================
** "Abstraction Layer" for basic report of messages and errors
** ===================================================================
*/
/* print a string */
#if !defined(lua_writestring)
#define lua_writestring(s,l) fwrite((s), sizeof(char), (l), stdout)
#endif
/* print a newline and flush the output */
#if !defined(lua_writeline)
#define lua_writeline() (lua_writestring("\n", 1), fflush(stdout))
#endif
/* print an error message */
#if !defined(lua_writestringerror)
#define lua_writestringerror(s,p) \
(fprintf(stderr, (s), (p)), fflush(stderr))
#endif
/* }================================================================== */
/*
** {============================================================
** Compatibility with deprecated conversions
** =============================================================
*/
#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_APIINTCASTS)
#define luaL_checkunsigned(L,a) ((lua_Unsigned)luaL_checkinteger(L,a))
#define luaL_optunsigned(L,a,d) \
((lua_Unsigned)luaL_optinteger(L,a,(lua_Integer)(d)))
#define luaL_checkint(L,n) ((int)luaL_checkinteger(L, (n)))
#define luaL_optint(L,n,d) ((int)luaL_optinteger(L, (n), (d)))
#define luaL_checklong(L,n) ((long)luaL_checkinteger(L, (n)))
#define luaL_optlong(L,n,d) ((long)luaL_optinteger(L, (n), (d)))
#endif
/* }============================================================ */
#endif

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/*
** $Id: lbaselib.c $
** Basic library
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#define lbaselib_c
#define LUA_LIB
#include "lprefix.h"
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "lua.h"
#include "lauxlib.h"
#include "lualib.h"
static int luaB_print (lua_State *L) {
int n = lua_gettop(L); /* number of arguments */
int i;
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) { /* for each argument */
size_t l;
const char *s = luaL_tolstring(L, i, &l); /* convert it to string */
if (i > 1) /* not the first element? */
lua_writestring("\t", 1); /* add a tab before it */
lua_writestring(s, l); /* print it */
lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop result */
}
lua_writeline();
return 0;
}
/*
** Creates a warning with all given arguments.
** Check first for errors; otherwise an error may interrupt
** the composition of a warning, leaving it unfinished.
*/
static int luaB_warn (lua_State *L) {
int n = lua_gettop(L); /* number of arguments */
int i;
luaL_checkstring(L, 1); /* at least one argument */
for (i = 2; i <= n; i++)
luaL_checkstring(L, i); /* make sure all arguments are strings */
for (i = 1; i < n; i++) /* compose warning */
lua_warning(L, lua_tostring(L, i), 1);
lua_warning(L, lua_tostring(L, n), 0); /* close warning */
return 0;
}
#define SPACECHARS " \f\n\r\t\v"
static const char *b_str2int (const char *s, int base, lua_Integer *pn) {
lua_Unsigned n = 0;
int neg = 0;
s += strspn(s, SPACECHARS); /* skip initial spaces */
if (*s == '-') { s++; neg = 1; } /* handle sign */
else if (*s == '+') s++;
if (!isalnum((unsigned char)*s)) /* no digit? */
return NULL;
do {
int digit = (isdigit((unsigned char)*s)) ? *s - '0'
: (toupper((unsigned char)*s) - 'A') + 10;
if (digit >= base) return NULL; /* invalid numeral */
n = n * base + digit;
s++;
} while (isalnum((unsigned char)*s));
s += strspn(s, SPACECHARS); /* skip trailing spaces */
*pn = (lua_Integer)((neg) ? (0u - n) : n);
return s;
}
static int luaB_tonumber (lua_State *L) {
if (lua_isnoneornil(L, 2)) { /* standard conversion? */
if (lua_type(L, 1) == LUA_TNUMBER) { /* already a number? */
lua_settop(L, 1); /* yes; return it */
return 1;
}
else {
size_t l;
const char *s = lua_tolstring(L, 1, &l);
if (s != NULL && lua_stringtonumber(L, s) == l + 1)
return 1; /* successful conversion to number */
/* else not a number */
luaL_checkany(L, 1); /* (but there must be some parameter) */
}
}
else {
size_t l;
const char *s;
lua_Integer n = 0; /* to avoid warnings */
lua_Integer base = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TSTRING); /* no numbers as strings */
s = lua_tolstring(L, 1, &l);
luaL_argcheck(L, 2 <= base && base <= 36, 2, "base out of range");
if (b_str2int(s, (int)base, &n) == s + l) {
lua_pushinteger(L, n);
return 1;
} /* else not a number */
} /* else not a number */
luaL_pushfail(L); /* not a number */
return 1;
}
static int luaB_error (lua_State *L) {
int level = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 1);
lua_settop(L, 1);
if (lua_type(L, 1) == LUA_TSTRING && level > 0) {
luaL_where(L, level); /* add extra information */
lua_pushvalue(L, 1);
lua_concat(L, 2);
}
return lua_error(L);
}
static int luaB_getmetatable (lua_State *L) {
luaL_checkany(L, 1);
if (!lua_getmetatable(L, 1)) {
lua_pushnil(L);
return 1; /* no metatable */
}
luaL_getmetafield(L, 1, "__metatable");
return 1; /* returns either __metatable field (if present) or metatable */
}
static int luaB_setmetatable (lua_State *L) {
int t = lua_type(L, 2);
luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);
luaL_argexpected(L, t == LUA_TNIL || t == LUA_TTABLE, 2, "nil or table");
if (l_unlikely(luaL_getmetafield(L, 1, "__metatable") != LUA_TNIL))
return luaL_error(L, "cannot change a protected metatable");
lua_settop(L, 2);
lua_setmetatable(L, 1);
return 1;
}
static int luaB_rawequal (lua_State *L) {
luaL_checkany(L, 1);
luaL_checkany(L, 2);
lua_pushboolean(L, lua_rawequal(L, 1, 2));
return 1;
}
static int luaB_rawlen (lua_State *L) {
int t = lua_type(L, 1);
luaL_argexpected(L, t == LUA_TTABLE || t == LUA_TSTRING, 1,
"table or string");
lua_pushinteger(L, lua_rawlen(L, 1));
return 1;
}
static int luaB_rawget (lua_State *L) {
luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);
luaL_checkany(L, 2);
lua_settop(L, 2);
lua_rawget(L, 1);
return 1;
}
static int luaB_rawset (lua_State *L) {
luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);
luaL_checkany(L, 2);
luaL_checkany(L, 3);
lua_settop(L, 3);
lua_rawset(L, 1);
return 1;
}
static int pushmode (lua_State *L, int oldmode) {
if (oldmode == -1)
luaL_pushfail(L); /* invalid call to 'lua_gc' */
else
lua_pushstring(L, (oldmode == LUA_GCINC) ? "incremental"
: "generational");
return 1;
}
/*
** check whether call to 'lua_gc' was valid (not inside a finalizer)
*/
#define checkvalres(res) { if (res == -1) break; }
static int luaB_collectgarbage (lua_State *L) {
static const char *const opts[] = {"stop", "restart", "collect",
"count", "step", "setpause", "setstepmul",
"isrunning", "generational", "incremental", NULL};
static const int optsnum[] = {LUA_GCSTOP, LUA_GCRESTART, LUA_GCCOLLECT,
LUA_GCCOUNT, LUA_GCSTEP, LUA_GCSETPAUSE, LUA_GCSETSTEPMUL,
LUA_GCISRUNNING, LUA_GCGEN, LUA_GCINC};
int o = optsnum[luaL_checkoption(L, 1, "collect", opts)];
switch (o) {
case LUA_GCCOUNT: {
int k = lua_gc(L, o);
int b = lua_gc(L, LUA_GCCOUNTB);
checkvalres(k);
lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)k + ((lua_Number)b/1024));
return 1;
}
case LUA_GCSTEP: {
int step = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 0);
int res = lua_gc(L, o, step);
checkvalres(res);
lua_pushboolean(L, res);
return 1;
}
case LUA_GCSETPAUSE:
case LUA_GCSETSTEPMUL: {
int p = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 0);
int previous = lua_gc(L, o, p);
checkvalres(previous);
lua_pushinteger(L, previous);
return 1;
}
case LUA_GCISRUNNING: {
int res = lua_gc(L, o);
checkvalres(res);
lua_pushboolean(L, res);
return 1;
}
case LUA_GCGEN: {
int minormul = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 0);
int majormul = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 0);
return pushmode(L, lua_gc(L, o, minormul, majormul));
}
case LUA_GCINC: {
int pause = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 0);
int stepmul = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 0);
int stepsize = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 4, 0);
return pushmode(L, lua_gc(L, o, pause, stepmul, stepsize));
}
default: {
int res = lua_gc(L, o);
checkvalres(res);
lua_pushinteger(L, res);
return 1;
}
}
luaL_pushfail(L); /* invalid call (inside a finalizer) */
return 1;
}
static int luaB_type (lua_State *L) {
int t = lua_type(L, 1);
luaL_argcheck(L, t != LUA_TNONE, 1, "value expected");
lua_pushstring(L, lua_typename(L, t));
return 1;
}
static int luaB_next (lua_State *L) {
luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);
lua_settop(L, 2); /* create a 2nd argument if there isn't one */
if (lua_next(L, 1))
return 2;
else {
lua_pushnil(L);
return 1;
}
}
static int pairscont (lua_State *L, int status, lua_KContext k) {
(void)L; (void)status; (void)k; /* unused */
return 3;
}
static int luaB_pairs (lua_State *L) {
luaL_checkany(L, 1);
if (luaL_getmetafield(L, 1, "__pairs") == LUA_TNIL) { /* no metamethod? */
lua_pushcfunction(L, luaB_next); /* will return generator, */
lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* state, */
lua_pushnil(L); /* and initial value */
}
else {
lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* argument 'self' to metamethod */
lua_callk(L, 1, 3, 0, pairscont); /* get 3 values from metamethod */
}
return 3;
}
/*
** Traversal function for 'ipairs'
*/
static int ipairsaux (lua_State *L) {
lua_Integer i = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
i = luaL_intop(+, i, 1);
lua_pushinteger(L, i);
return (lua_geti(L, 1, i) == LUA_TNIL) ? 1 : 2;
}
/*
** 'ipairs' function. Returns 'ipairsaux', given "table", 0.
** (The given "table" may not be a table.)
*/
static int luaB_ipairs (lua_State *L) {
luaL_checkany(L, 1);
lua_pushcfunction(L, ipairsaux); /* iteration function */
lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* state */
lua_pushinteger(L, 0); /* initial value */
return 3;
}
static int load_aux (lua_State *L, int status, int envidx) {
if (l_likely(status == LUA_OK)) {
if (envidx != 0) { /* 'env' parameter? */
lua_pushvalue(L, envidx); /* environment for loaded function */
if (!lua_setupvalue(L, -2, 1)) /* set it as 1st upvalue */
lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove 'env' if not used by previous call */
}
return 1;
}
else { /* error (message is on top of the stack) */
luaL_pushfail(L);
lua_insert(L, -2); /* put before error message */
return 2; /* return fail plus error message */
}
}
static int luaB_loadfile (lua_State *L) {
const char *fname = luaL_optstring(L, 1, NULL);
const char *mode = luaL_optstring(L, 2, NULL);
int env = (!lua_isnone(L, 3) ? 3 : 0); /* 'env' index or 0 if no 'env' */
int status = luaL_loadfilex(L, fname, mode);
return load_aux(L, status, env);
}
/*
** {======================================================
** Generic Read function
** =======================================================
*/
/*
** reserved slot, above all arguments, to hold a copy of the returned
** string to avoid it being collected while parsed. 'load' has four
** optional arguments (chunk, source name, mode, and environment).
*/
#define RESERVEDSLOT 5
/*
** Reader for generic 'load' function: 'lua_load' uses the
** stack for internal stuff, so the reader cannot change the
** stack top. Instead, it keeps its resulting string in a
** reserved slot inside the stack.
*/
static const char *generic_reader (lua_State *L, void *ud, size_t *size) {
(void)(ud); /* not used */
luaL_checkstack(L, 2, "too many nested functions");
lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* get function */
lua_call(L, 0, 1); /* call it */
if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) {
lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop result */
*size = 0;
return NULL;
}
else if (l_unlikely(!lua_isstring(L, -1)))
luaL_error(L, "reader function must return a string");
lua_replace(L, RESERVEDSLOT); /* save string in reserved slot */
return lua_tolstring(L, RESERVEDSLOT, size);
}
static int luaB_load (lua_State *L) {
int status;
size_t l;
const char *s = lua_tolstring(L, 1, &l);
const char *mode = luaL_optstring(L, 3, "bt");
int env = (!lua_isnone(L, 4) ? 4 : 0); /* 'env' index or 0 if no 'env' */
if (s != NULL) { /* loading a string? */
const char *chunkname = luaL_optstring(L, 2, s);
status = luaL_loadbufferx(L, s, l, chunkname, mode);
}
else { /* loading from a reader function */
const char *chunkname = luaL_optstring(L, 2, "=(load)");
luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TFUNCTION);
lua_settop(L, RESERVEDSLOT); /* create reserved slot */
status = lua_load(L, generic_reader, NULL, chunkname, mode);
}
return load_aux(L, status, env);
}
/* }====================================================== */
static int dofilecont (lua_State *L, int d1, lua_KContext d2) {
(void)d1; (void)d2; /* only to match 'lua_Kfunction' prototype */
return lua_gettop(L) - 1;
}
static int luaB_dofile (lua_State *L) {
const char *fname = luaL_optstring(L, 1, NULL);
lua_settop(L, 1);
if (l_unlikely(luaL_loadfile(L, fname) != LUA_OK))
return lua_error(L);
lua_callk(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET, 0, dofilecont);
return dofilecont(L, 0, 0);
}
static int luaB_assert (lua_State *L) {
if (l_likely(lua_toboolean(L, 1))) /* condition is true? */
return lua_gettop(L); /* return all arguments */
else { /* error */
luaL_checkany(L, 1); /* there must be a condition */
lua_remove(L, 1); /* remove it */
lua_pushliteral(L, "assertion failed!"); /* default message */
lua_settop(L, 1); /* leave only message (default if no other one) */
return luaB_error(L); /* call 'error' */
}
}
static int luaB_select (lua_State *L) {
int n = lua_gettop(L);
if (lua_type(L, 1) == LUA_TSTRING && *lua_tostring(L, 1) == '#') {
lua_pushinteger(L, n-1);
return 1;
}
else {
lua_Integer i = luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);
if (i < 0) i = n + i;
else if (i > n) i = n;
luaL_argcheck(L, 1 <= i, 1, "index out of range");
return n - (int)i;
}
}
/*
** Continuation function for 'pcall' and 'xpcall'. Both functions
** already pushed a 'true' before doing the call, so in case of success
** 'finishpcall' only has to return everything in the stack minus
** 'extra' values (where 'extra' is exactly the number of items to be
** ignored).
*/
static int finishpcall (lua_State *L, int status, lua_KContext extra) {
if (l_unlikely(status != LUA_OK && status != LUA_YIELD)) { /* error? */
lua_pushboolean(L, 0); /* first result (false) */
lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* error message */
return 2; /* return false, msg */
}
else
return lua_gettop(L) - (int)extra; /* return all results */
}
static int luaB_pcall (lua_State *L) {
int status;
luaL_checkany(L, 1);
lua_pushboolean(L, 1); /* first result if no errors */
lua_insert(L, 1); /* put it in place */
status = lua_pcallk(L, lua_gettop(L) - 2, LUA_MULTRET, 0, 0, finishpcall);
return finishpcall(L, status, 0);
}
/*
** Do a protected call with error handling. After 'lua_rotate', the
** stack will have <f, err, true, f, [args...]>; so, the function passes
** 2 to 'finishpcall' to skip the 2 first values when returning results.
*/
static int luaB_xpcall (lua_State *L) {
int status;
int n = lua_gettop(L);
luaL_checktype(L, 2, LUA_TFUNCTION); /* check error function */
lua_pushboolean(L, 1); /* first result */
lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* function */
lua_rotate(L, 3, 2); /* move them below function's arguments */
status = lua_pcallk(L, n - 2, LUA_MULTRET, 2, 2, finishpcall);
return finishpcall(L, status, 2);
}
static int luaB_tostring (lua_State *L) {
luaL_checkany(L, 1);
luaL_tolstring(L, 1, NULL);
return 1;
}
static const luaL_Reg base_funcs[] = {
{"assert", luaB_assert},
{"collectgarbage", luaB_collectgarbage},
{"dofile", luaB_dofile},
{"error", luaB_error},
{"getmetatable", luaB_getmetatable},
{"ipairs", luaB_ipairs},
{"loadfile", luaB_loadfile},
{"load", luaB_load},
{"next", luaB_next},
{"pairs", luaB_pairs},
{"pcall", luaB_pcall},
{"print", luaB_print},
{"warn", luaB_warn},
{"rawequal", luaB_rawequal},
{"rawlen", luaB_rawlen},
{"rawget", luaB_rawget},
{"rawset", luaB_rawset},
{"select", luaB_select},
{"setmetatable", luaB_setmetatable},
{"tonumber", luaB_tonumber},
{"tostring", luaB_tostring},
{"type", luaB_type},
{"xpcall", luaB_xpcall},
/* placeholders */
{LUA_GNAME, NULL},
{"_VERSION", NULL},
{NULL, NULL}
};
LUAMOD_API int luaopen_base (lua_State *L) {
/* open lib into global table */
lua_pushglobaltable(L);
luaL_setfuncs(L, base_funcs, 0);
/* set global _G */
lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
lua_setfield(L, -2, LUA_GNAME);
/* set global _VERSION */
lua_pushliteral(L, LUA_VERSION);
lua_setfield(L, -2, "_VERSION");
return 1;
}

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/*
** $Id: lcode.h $
** Code generator for Lua
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#ifndef lcode_h
#define lcode_h
#include "llex.h"
#include "lobject.h"
#include "lopcodes.h"
#include "lparser.h"
/*
** Marks the end of a patch list. It is an invalid value both as an absolute
** address, and as a list link (would link an element to itself).
*/
#define NO_JUMP (-1)
/*
** grep "ORDER OPR" if you change these enums (ORDER OP)
*/
typedef enum BinOpr {
/* arithmetic operators */
OPR_ADD, OPR_SUB, OPR_MUL, OPR_MOD, OPR_POW,
OPR_DIV, OPR_IDIV,
/* bitwise operators */
OPR_BAND, OPR_BOR, OPR_BXOR,
OPR_SHL, OPR_SHR,
/* string operator */
OPR_CONCAT,
/* comparison operators */
OPR_EQ, OPR_LT, OPR_LE,
OPR_NE, OPR_GT, OPR_GE,
/* logical operators */
OPR_AND, OPR_OR,
OPR_NOBINOPR
} BinOpr;
/* true if operation is foldable (that is, it is arithmetic or bitwise) */
#define foldbinop(op) ((op) <= OPR_SHR)
#define luaK_codeABC(fs,o,a,b,c) luaK_codeABCk(fs,o,a,b,c,0)
typedef enum UnOpr { OPR_MINUS, OPR_BNOT, OPR_NOT, OPR_LEN, OPR_NOUNOPR } UnOpr;
/* get (pointer to) instruction of given 'expdesc' */
#define getinstruction(fs,e) ((fs)->f->code[(e)->u.info])
#define luaK_setmultret(fs,e) luaK_setreturns(fs, e, LUA_MULTRET)
#define luaK_jumpto(fs,t) luaK_patchlist(fs, luaK_jump(fs), t)
LUAI_FUNC int luaK_code (FuncState *fs, Instruction i);
LUAI_FUNC int luaK_codeABx (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int A, unsigned int Bx);
LUAI_FUNC int luaK_codeAsBx (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int A, int Bx);
LUAI_FUNC int luaK_codeABCk (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int A,
int B, int C, int k);
LUAI_FUNC int luaK_isKint (expdesc *e);
LUAI_FUNC int luaK_exp2const (FuncState *fs, const expdesc *e, TValue *v);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_fixline (FuncState *fs, int line);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_nil (FuncState *fs, int from, int n);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_reserveregs (FuncState *fs, int n);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_checkstack (FuncState *fs, int n);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_int (FuncState *fs, int reg, lua_Integer n);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_dischargevars (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
LUAI_FUNC int luaK_exp2anyreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_exp2anyregup (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_exp2nextreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_exp2val (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
LUAI_FUNC int luaK_exp2RK (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_self (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, expdesc *key);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_indexed (FuncState *fs, expdesc *t, expdesc *k);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_goiftrue (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_goiffalse (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_storevar (FuncState *fs, expdesc *var, expdesc *e);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_setreturns (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int nresults);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_setoneret (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
LUAI_FUNC int luaK_jump (FuncState *fs);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_ret (FuncState *fs, int first, int nret);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_patchlist (FuncState *fs, int list, int target);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_patchtohere (FuncState *fs, int list);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_concat (FuncState *fs, int *l1, int l2);
LUAI_FUNC int luaK_getlabel (FuncState *fs);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_prefix (FuncState *fs, UnOpr op, expdesc *v, int line);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_infix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, expdesc *v);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_posfix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, expdesc *v1,
expdesc *v2, int line);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_settablesize (FuncState *fs, int pc,
int ra, int asize, int hsize);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_setlist (FuncState *fs, int base, int nelems, int tostore);
LUAI_FUNC void luaK_finish (FuncState *fs);
LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaK_semerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg);
#endif

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/*
** $Id: lcorolib.c $
** Coroutine Library
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#define lcorolib_c
#define LUA_LIB
#include "lprefix.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "lua.h"
#include "lauxlib.h"
#include "lualib.h"
static lua_State *getco (lua_State *L) {
lua_State *co = lua_tothread(L, 1);
luaL_argexpected(L, co, 1, "thread");
return co;
}
/*
** Resumes a coroutine. Returns the number of results for non-error
** cases or -1 for errors.
*/
static int auxresume (lua_State *L, lua_State *co, int narg) {
int status, nres;
if (l_unlikely(!lua_checkstack(co, narg))) {
lua_pushliteral(L, "too many arguments to resume");
return -1; /* error flag */
}
lua_xmove(L, co, narg);
status = lua_resume(co, L, narg, &nres);
if (l_likely(status == LUA_OK || status == LUA_YIELD)) {
if (l_unlikely(!lua_checkstack(L, nres + 1))) {
lua_pop(co, nres); /* remove results anyway */
lua_pushliteral(L, "too many results to resume");
return -1; /* error flag */
}
lua_xmove(co, L, nres); /* move yielded values */
return nres;
}
else {
lua_xmove(co, L, 1); /* move error message */
return -1; /* error flag */
}
}
static int luaB_coresume (lua_State *L) {
lua_State *co = getco(L);
int r;
r = auxresume(L, co, lua_gettop(L) - 1);
if (l_unlikely(r < 0)) {
lua_pushboolean(L, 0);
lua_insert(L, -2);
return 2; /* return false + error message */
}
else {
lua_pushboolean(L, 1);
lua_insert(L, -(r + 1));
return r + 1; /* return true + 'resume' returns */
}
}
static int luaB_auxwrap (lua_State *L) {
lua_State *co = lua_tothread(L, lua_upvalueindex(1));
int r = auxresume(L, co, lua_gettop(L));
if (l_unlikely(r < 0)) { /* error? */
int stat = lua_status(co);
if (stat != LUA_OK && stat != LUA_YIELD) { /* error in the coroutine? */
stat = lua_closethread(co, L); /* close its tbc variables */
lua_assert(stat != LUA_OK);
lua_xmove(co, L, 1); /* move error message to the caller */
}
if (stat != LUA_ERRMEM && /* not a memory error and ... */
lua_type(L, -1) == LUA_TSTRING) { /* ... error object is a string? */
luaL_where(L, 1); /* add extra info, if available */
lua_insert(L, -2);
lua_concat(L, 2);
}
return lua_error(L); /* propagate error */
}
return r;
}
static int luaB_cocreate (lua_State *L) {
lua_State *NL;
luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TFUNCTION);
NL = lua_newthread(L);
lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* move function to top */
lua_xmove(L, NL, 1); /* move function from L to NL */
return 1;
}
static int luaB_cowrap (lua_State *L) {
luaB_cocreate(L);
lua_pushcclosure(L, luaB_auxwrap, 1);
return 1;
}
static int luaB_yield (lua_State *L) {
return lua_yield(L, lua_gettop(L));
}
#define COS_RUN 0
#define COS_DEAD 1
#define COS_YIELD 2
#define COS_NORM 3
static const char *const statname[] =
{"running", "dead", "suspended", "normal"};
static int auxstatus (lua_State *L, lua_State *co) {
if (L == co) return COS_RUN;
else {
switch (lua_status(co)) {
case LUA_YIELD:
return COS_YIELD;
case LUA_OK: {
lua_Debug ar;
if (lua_getstack(co, 0, &ar)) /* does it have frames? */
return COS_NORM; /* it is running */
else if (lua_gettop(co) == 0)
return COS_DEAD;
else
return COS_YIELD; /* initial state */
}
default: /* some error occurred */
return COS_DEAD;
}
}
}
static int luaB_costatus (lua_State *L) {
lua_State *co = getco(L);
lua_pushstring(L, statname[auxstatus(L, co)]);
return 1;
}
static int luaB_yieldable (lua_State *L) {
lua_State *co = lua_isnone(L, 1) ? L : getco(L);
lua_pushboolean(L, lua_isyieldable(co));
return 1;
}
static int luaB_corunning (lua_State *L) {
int ismain = lua_pushthread(L);
lua_pushboolean(L, ismain);
return 2;
}
static int luaB_close (lua_State *L) {
lua_State *co = getco(L);
int status = auxstatus(L, co);
switch (status) {
case COS_DEAD: case COS_YIELD: {
status = lua_closethread(co, L);
if (status == LUA_OK) {
lua_pushboolean(L, 1);
return 1;
}
else {
lua_pushboolean(L, 0);
lua_xmove(co, L, 1); /* move error message */
return 2;
}
}
default: /* normal or running coroutine */
return luaL_error(L, "cannot close a %s coroutine", statname[status]);
}
}
static const luaL_Reg co_funcs[] = {
{"create", luaB_cocreate},
{"resume", luaB_coresume},
{"running", luaB_corunning},
{"status", luaB_costatus},
{"wrap", luaB_cowrap},
{"yield", luaB_yield},
{"isyieldable", luaB_yieldable},
{"close", luaB_close},
{NULL, NULL}
};
LUAMOD_API int luaopen_coroutine (lua_State *L) {
luaL_newlib(L, co_funcs);
return 1;
}

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/*
** $Id: lctype.c $
** 'ctype' functions for Lua
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#define lctype_c
#define LUA_CORE
#include "lprefix.h"
#include "lctype.h"
#if !LUA_USE_CTYPE /* { */
#include <limits.h>
#if defined (LUA_UCID) /* accept UniCode IDentifiers? */
/* consider all non-ascii codepoints to be alphabetic */
#define NONA 0x01
#else
#define NONA 0x00 /* default */
#endif
LUAI_DDEF const lu_byte luai_ctype_[UCHAR_MAX + 2] = {
0x00, /* EOZ */
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* 0. */
0x00, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* 1. */
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x0c, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, /* 2. */
0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04,
0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, /* 3. */
0x16, 0x16, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04,
0x04, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x05, /* 4. */
0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05,
0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, /* 5. */
0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05,
0x04, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x05, /* 6. */
0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05,
0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, /* 7. */
0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x00,
NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, /* 8. */
NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA,
NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, /* 9. */
NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA,
NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, /* a. */
NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA,
NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, /* b. */
NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA,
0x00, 0x00, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, /* c. */
NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA,
NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, /* d. */
NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA,
NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, /* e. */
NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA,
NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* f. */
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
};
#endif /* } */

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/*
** $Id: lctype.h $
** 'ctype' functions for Lua
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#ifndef lctype_h
#define lctype_h
#include "lua.h"
/*
** WARNING: the functions defined here do not necessarily correspond
** to the similar functions in the standard C ctype.h. They are
** optimized for the specific needs of Lua.
*/
#if !defined(LUA_USE_CTYPE)
#if 'A' == 65 && '0' == 48
/* ASCII case: can use its own tables; faster and fixed */
#define LUA_USE_CTYPE 0
#else
/* must use standard C ctype */
#define LUA_USE_CTYPE 1
#endif
#endif
#if !LUA_USE_CTYPE /* { */
#include <limits.h>
#include "llimits.h"
#define ALPHABIT 0
#define DIGITBIT 1
#define PRINTBIT 2
#define SPACEBIT 3
#define XDIGITBIT 4
#define MASK(B) (1 << (B))
/*
** add 1 to char to allow index -1 (EOZ)
*/
#define testprop(c,p) (luai_ctype_[(c)+1] & (p))
/*
** 'lalpha' (Lua alphabetic) and 'lalnum' (Lua alphanumeric) both include '_'
*/
#define lislalpha(c) testprop(c, MASK(ALPHABIT))
#define lislalnum(c) testprop(c, (MASK(ALPHABIT) | MASK(DIGITBIT)))
#define lisdigit(c) testprop(c, MASK(DIGITBIT))
#define lisspace(c) testprop(c, MASK(SPACEBIT))
#define lisprint(c) testprop(c, MASK(PRINTBIT))
#define lisxdigit(c) testprop(c, MASK(XDIGITBIT))
/*
** In ASCII, this 'ltolower' is correct for alphabetic characters and
** for '.'. That is enough for Lua needs. ('check_exp' ensures that
** the character either is an upper-case letter or is unchanged by
** the transformation, which holds for lower-case letters and '.'.)
*/
#define ltolower(c) \
check_exp(('A' <= (c) && (c) <= 'Z') || (c) == ((c) | ('A' ^ 'a')), \
(c) | ('A' ^ 'a'))
/* one entry for each character and for -1 (EOZ) */
LUAI_DDEC(const lu_byte luai_ctype_[UCHAR_MAX + 2];)
#else /* }{ */
/*
** use standard C ctypes
*/
#include <ctype.h>
#define lislalpha(c) (isalpha(c) || (c) == '_')
#define lislalnum(c) (isalnum(c) || (c) == '_')
#define lisdigit(c) (isdigit(c))
#define lisspace(c) (isspace(c))
#define lisprint(c) (isprint(c))
#define lisxdigit(c) (isxdigit(c))
#define ltolower(c) (tolower(c))
#endif /* } */
#endif

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/*
** $Id: ldblib.c $
** Interface from Lua to its debug API
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#define ldblib_c
#define LUA_LIB
#include "lprefix.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "lua.h"
#include "lauxlib.h"
#include "lualib.h"
/*
** The hook table at registry[HOOKKEY] maps threads to their current
** hook function.
*/
static const char *const HOOKKEY = "_HOOKKEY";
/*
** If L1 != L, L1 can be in any state, and therefore there are no
** guarantees about its stack space; any push in L1 must be
** checked.
*/
static void checkstack (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1, int n) {
if (l_unlikely(L != L1 && !lua_checkstack(L1, n)))
luaL_error(L, "stack overflow");
}
static int db_getregistry (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushvalue(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX);
return 1;
}
static int db_getmetatable (lua_State *L) {
luaL_checkany(L, 1);
if (!lua_getmetatable(L, 1)) {
lua_pushnil(L); /* no metatable */
}
return 1;
}
static int db_setmetatable (lua_State *L) {
int t = lua_type(L, 2);
luaL_argexpected(L, t == LUA_TNIL || t == LUA_TTABLE, 2, "nil or table");
lua_settop(L, 2);
lua_setmetatable(L, 1);
return 1; /* return 1st argument */
}
static int db_getuservalue (lua_State *L) {
int n = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 1);
if (lua_type(L, 1) != LUA_TUSERDATA)
luaL_pushfail(L);
else if (lua_getiuservalue(L, 1, n) != LUA_TNONE) {
lua_pushboolean(L, 1);
return 2;
}
return 1;
}
static int db_setuservalue (lua_State *L) {
int n = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 1);
luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TUSERDATA);
luaL_checkany(L, 2);
lua_settop(L, 2);
if (!lua_setiuservalue(L, 1, n))
luaL_pushfail(L);
return 1;
}
/*
** Auxiliary function used by several library functions: check for
** an optional thread as function's first argument and set 'arg' with
** 1 if this argument is present (so that functions can skip it to
** access their other arguments)
*/
static lua_State *getthread (lua_State *L, int *arg) {
if (lua_isthread(L, 1)) {
*arg = 1;
return lua_tothread(L, 1);
}
else {
*arg = 0;
return L; /* function will operate over current thread */
}
}
/*
** Variations of 'lua_settable', used by 'db_getinfo' to put results
** from 'lua_getinfo' into result table. Key is always a string;
** value can be a string, an int, or a boolean.
*/
static void settabss (lua_State *L, const char *k, const char *v) {
lua_pushstring(L, v);
lua_setfield(L, -2, k);
}
static void settabsi (lua_State *L, const char *k, int v) {
lua_pushinteger(L, v);
lua_setfield(L, -2, k);
}
static void settabsb (lua_State *L, const char *k, int v) {
lua_pushboolean(L, v);
lua_setfield(L, -2, k);
}
/*
** In function 'db_getinfo', the call to 'lua_getinfo' may push
** results on the stack; later it creates the result table to put
** these objects. Function 'treatstackoption' puts the result from
** 'lua_getinfo' on top of the result table so that it can call
** 'lua_setfield'.
*/
static void treatstackoption (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1, const char *fname) {
if (L == L1)
lua_rotate(L, -2, 1); /* exchange object and table */
else
lua_xmove(L1, L, 1); /* move object to the "main" stack */
lua_setfield(L, -2, fname); /* put object into table */
}
/*
** Calls 'lua_getinfo' and collects all results in a new table.
** L1 needs stack space for an optional input (function) plus
** two optional outputs (function and line table) from function
** 'lua_getinfo'.
*/
static int db_getinfo (lua_State *L) {
lua_Debug ar;
int arg;
lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg);
const char *options = luaL_optstring(L, arg+2, "flnSrtu");
checkstack(L, L1, 3);
luaL_argcheck(L, options[0] != '>', arg + 2, "invalid option '>'");
if (lua_isfunction(L, arg + 1)) { /* info about a function? */
options = lua_pushfstring(L, ">%s", options); /* add '>' to 'options' */
lua_pushvalue(L, arg + 1); /* move function to 'L1' stack */
lua_xmove(L, L1, 1);
}
else { /* stack level */
if (!lua_getstack(L1, (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 1), &ar)) {
luaL_pushfail(L); /* level out of range */
return 1;
}
}
if (!lua_getinfo(L1, options, &ar))
return luaL_argerror(L, arg+2, "invalid option");
lua_newtable(L); /* table to collect results */
if (strchr(options, 'S')) {
lua_pushlstring(L, ar.source, ar.srclen);
lua_setfield(L, -2, "source");
settabss(L, "short_src", ar.short_src);
settabsi(L, "linedefined", ar.linedefined);
settabsi(L, "lastlinedefined", ar.lastlinedefined);
settabss(L, "what", ar.what);
}
if (strchr(options, 'l'))
settabsi(L, "currentline", ar.currentline);
if (strchr(options, 'u')) {
settabsi(L, "nups", ar.nups);
settabsi(L, "nparams", ar.nparams);
settabsb(L, "isvararg", ar.isvararg);
}
if (strchr(options, 'n')) {
settabss(L, "name", ar.name);
settabss(L, "namewhat", ar.namewhat);
}
if (strchr(options, 'r')) {
settabsi(L, "ftransfer", ar.ftransfer);
settabsi(L, "ntransfer", ar.ntransfer);
}
if (strchr(options, 't'))
settabsb(L, "istailcall", ar.istailcall);
if (strchr(options, 'L'))
treatstackoption(L, L1, "activelines");
if (strchr(options, 'f'))
treatstackoption(L, L1, "func");
return 1; /* return table */
}
static int db_getlocal (lua_State *L) {
int arg;
lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg);
int nvar = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 2); /* local-variable index */
if (lua_isfunction(L, arg + 1)) { /* function argument? */
lua_pushvalue(L, arg + 1); /* push function */
lua_pushstring(L, lua_getlocal(L, NULL, nvar)); /* push local name */
return 1; /* return only name (there is no value) */
}
else { /* stack-level argument */
lua_Debug ar;
const char *name;
int level = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 1);
if (l_unlikely(!lua_getstack(L1, level, &ar))) /* out of range? */
return luaL_argerror(L, arg+1, "level out of range");
checkstack(L, L1, 1);
name = lua_getlocal(L1, &ar, nvar);
if (name) {
lua_xmove(L1, L, 1); /* move local value */
lua_pushstring(L, name); /* push name */
lua_rotate(L, -2, 1); /* re-order */
return 2;
}
else {
luaL_pushfail(L); /* no name (nor value) */
return 1;
}
}
}
static int db_setlocal (lua_State *L) {
int arg;
const char *name;
lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg);
lua_Debug ar;
int level = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 1);
int nvar = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 2);
if (l_unlikely(!lua_getstack(L1, level, &ar))) /* out of range? */
return luaL_argerror(L, arg+1, "level out of range");
luaL_checkany(L, arg+3);
lua_settop(L, arg+3);
checkstack(L, L1, 1);
lua_xmove(L, L1, 1);
name = lua_setlocal(L1, &ar, nvar);
if (name == NULL)
lua_pop(L1, 1); /* pop value (if not popped by 'lua_setlocal') */
lua_pushstring(L, name);
return 1;
}
/*
** get (if 'get' is true) or set an upvalue from a closure
*/
static int auxupvalue (lua_State *L, int get) {
const char *name;
int n = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, 2); /* upvalue index */
luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TFUNCTION); /* closure */
name = get ? lua_getupvalue(L, 1, n) : lua_setupvalue(L, 1, n);
if (name == NULL) return 0;
lua_pushstring(L, name);
lua_insert(L, -(get+1)); /* no-op if get is false */
return get + 1;
}
static int db_getupvalue (lua_State *L) {
return auxupvalue(L, 1);
}
static int db_setupvalue (lua_State *L) {
luaL_checkany(L, 3);
return auxupvalue(L, 0);
}
/*
** Check whether a given upvalue from a given closure exists and
** returns its index
*/
static void *checkupval (lua_State *L, int argf, int argnup, int *pnup) {
void *id;
int nup = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, argnup); /* upvalue index */
luaL_checktype(L, argf, LUA_TFUNCTION); /* closure */
id = lua_upvalueid(L, argf, nup);
if (pnup) {
luaL_argcheck(L, id != NULL, argnup, "invalid upvalue index");
*pnup = nup;
}
return id;
}
static int db_upvalueid (lua_State *L) {
void *id = checkupval(L, 1, 2, NULL);
if (id != NULL)
lua_pushlightuserdata(L, id);
else
luaL_pushfail(L);
return 1;
}
static int db_upvaluejoin (lua_State *L) {
int n1, n2;
checkupval(L, 1, 2, &n1);
checkupval(L, 3, 4, &n2);
luaL_argcheck(L, !lua_iscfunction(L, 1), 1, "Lua function expected");
luaL_argcheck(L, !lua_iscfunction(L, 3), 3, "Lua function expected");
lua_upvaluejoin(L, 1, n1, 3, n2);
return 0;
}
/*
** Call hook function registered at hook table for the current
** thread (if there is one)
*/
static void hookf (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar) {
static const char *const hooknames[] =
{"call", "return", "line", "count", "tail call"};
lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, HOOKKEY);
lua_pushthread(L);
if (lua_rawget(L, -2) == LUA_TFUNCTION) { /* is there a hook function? */
lua_pushstring(L, hooknames[(int)ar->event]); /* push event name */
if (ar->currentline >= 0)
lua_pushinteger(L, ar->currentline); /* push current line */
else lua_pushnil(L);
lua_assert(lua_getinfo(L, "lS", ar));
lua_call(L, 2, 0); /* call hook function */
}
}
/*
** Convert a string mask (for 'sethook') into a bit mask
*/
static int makemask (const char *smask, int count) {
int mask = 0;
if (strchr(smask, 'c')) mask |= LUA_MASKCALL;
if (strchr(smask, 'r')) mask |= LUA_MASKRET;
if (strchr(smask, 'l')) mask |= LUA_MASKLINE;
if (count > 0) mask |= LUA_MASKCOUNT;
return mask;
}
/*
** Convert a bit mask (for 'gethook') into a string mask
*/
static char *unmakemask (int mask, char *smask) {
int i = 0;
if (mask & LUA_MASKCALL) smask[i++] = 'c';
if (mask & LUA_MASKRET) smask[i++] = 'r';
if (mask & LUA_MASKLINE) smask[i++] = 'l';
smask[i] = '\0';
return smask;
}
static int db_sethook (lua_State *L) {
int arg, mask, count;
lua_Hook func;
lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg);
if (lua_isnoneornil(L, arg+1)) { /* no hook? */
lua_settop(L, arg+1);
func = NULL; mask = 0; count = 0; /* turn off hooks */
}
else {
const char *smask = luaL_checkstring(L, arg+2);
luaL_checktype(L, arg+1, LUA_TFUNCTION);
count = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, arg + 3, 0);
func = hookf; mask = makemask(smask, count);
}
if (!luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, HOOKKEY)) {
/* table just created; initialize it */
lua_pushliteral(L, "k");
lua_setfield(L, -2, "__mode"); /** hooktable.__mode = "k" */
lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
lua_setmetatable(L, -2); /* metatable(hooktable) = hooktable */
}
checkstack(L, L1, 1);
lua_pushthread(L1); lua_xmove(L1, L, 1); /* key (thread) */
lua_pushvalue(L, arg + 1); /* value (hook function) */
lua_rawset(L, -3); /* hooktable[L1] = new Lua hook */
lua_sethook(L1, func, mask, count);
return 0;
}
static int db_gethook (lua_State *L) {
int arg;
lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg);
char buff[5];
int mask = lua_gethookmask(L1);
lua_Hook hook = lua_gethook(L1);
if (hook == NULL) { /* no hook? */
luaL_pushfail(L);
return 1;
}
else if (hook != hookf) /* external hook? */
lua_pushliteral(L, "external hook");
else { /* hook table must exist */
lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, HOOKKEY);
checkstack(L, L1, 1);
lua_pushthread(L1); lua_xmove(L1, L, 1);
lua_rawget(L, -2); /* 1st result = hooktable[L1] */
lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove hook table */
}
lua_pushstring(L, unmakemask(mask, buff)); /* 2nd result = mask */
lua_pushinteger(L, lua_gethookcount(L1)); /* 3rd result = count */
return 3;
}
static int db_debug (lua_State *L) {
for (;;) {
char buffer[250];
lua_writestringerror("%s", "lua_debug> ");
if (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), stdin) == NULL ||
strcmp(buffer, "cont\n") == 0)
return 0;
if (luaL_loadbuffer(L, buffer, strlen(buffer), "=(debug command)") ||
lua_pcall(L, 0, 0, 0))
lua_writestringerror("%s\n", luaL_tolstring(L, -1, NULL));
lua_settop(L, 0); /* remove eventual returns */
}
}
static int db_traceback (lua_State *L) {
int arg;
lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg);
const char *msg = lua_tostring(L, arg + 1);
if (msg == NULL && !lua_isnoneornil(L, arg + 1)) /* non-string 'msg'? */
lua_pushvalue(L, arg + 1); /* return it untouched */
else {
int level = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, arg + 2, (L == L1) ? 1 : 0);
luaL_traceback(L, L1, msg, level);
}
return 1;
}
static int db_setcstacklimit (lua_State *L) {
int limit = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);
int res = lua_setcstacklimit(L, limit);
lua_pushinteger(L, res);
return 1;
}
static const luaL_Reg dblib[] = {
{"debug", db_debug},
{"getuservalue", db_getuservalue},
{"gethook", db_gethook},
{"getinfo", db_getinfo},
{"getlocal", db_getlocal},
{"getregistry", db_getregistry},
{"getmetatable", db_getmetatable},
{"getupvalue", db_getupvalue},
{"upvaluejoin", db_upvaluejoin},
{"upvalueid", db_upvalueid},
{"setuservalue", db_setuservalue},
{"sethook", db_sethook},
{"setlocal", db_setlocal},
{"setmetatable", db_setmetatable},
{"setupvalue", db_setupvalue},
{"traceback", db_traceback},
{"setcstacklimit", db_setcstacklimit},
{NULL, NULL}
};
LUAMOD_API int luaopen_debug (lua_State *L) {
luaL_newlib(L, dblib);
return 1;
}

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/*
** $Id: ldebug.c $
** Debug Interface
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#define ldebug_c
#define LUA_CORE
#include "lprefix.h"
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "lua.h"
#include "lapi.h"
#include "lcode.h"
#include "ldebug.h"
#include "ldo.h"
#include "lfunc.h"
#include "lobject.h"
#include "lopcodes.h"
#include "lstate.h"
#include "lstring.h"
#include "ltable.h"
#include "ltm.h"
#include "lvm.h"
#define noLuaClosure(f) ((f) == NULL || (f)->c.tt == LUA_VCCL)
static const char *funcnamefromcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci,
const char **name);
static int currentpc (CallInfo *ci) {
lua_assert(isLua(ci));
return pcRel(ci->u.l.savedpc, ci_func(ci)->p);
}
/*
** Get a "base line" to find the line corresponding to an instruction.
** Base lines are regularly placed at MAXIWTHABS intervals, so usually
** an integer division gets the right place. When the source file has
** large sequences of empty/comment lines, it may need extra entries,
** so the original estimate needs a correction.
** If the original estimate is -1, the initial 'if' ensures that the
** 'while' will run at least once.
** The assertion that the estimate is a lower bound for the correct base
** is valid as long as the debug info has been generated with the same
** value for MAXIWTHABS or smaller. (Previous releases use a little
** smaller value.)
*/
static int getbaseline (const Proto *f, int pc, int *basepc) {
if (f->sizeabslineinfo == 0 || pc < f->abslineinfo[0].pc) {
*basepc = -1; /* start from the beginning */
return f->linedefined;
}
else {
int i = cast_uint(pc) / MAXIWTHABS - 1; /* get an estimate */
/* estimate must be a lower bound of the correct base */
lua_assert(i < 0 ||
(i < f->sizeabslineinfo && f->abslineinfo[i].pc <= pc));
while (i + 1 < f->sizeabslineinfo && pc >= f->abslineinfo[i + 1].pc)
i++; /* low estimate; adjust it */
*basepc = f->abslineinfo[i].pc;
return f->abslineinfo[i].line;
}
}
/*
** Get the line corresponding to instruction 'pc' in function 'f';
** first gets a base line and from there does the increments until
** the desired instruction.
*/
int luaG_getfuncline (const Proto *f, int pc) {
if (f->lineinfo == NULL) /* no debug information? */
return -1;
else {
int basepc;
int baseline = getbaseline(f, pc, &basepc);
while (basepc++ < pc) { /* walk until given instruction */
lua_assert(f->lineinfo[basepc] != ABSLINEINFO);
baseline += f->lineinfo[basepc]; /* correct line */
}
return baseline;
}
}
static int getcurrentline (CallInfo *ci) {
return luaG_getfuncline(ci_func(ci)->p, currentpc(ci));
}
/*
** Set 'trap' for all active Lua frames.
** This function can be called during a signal, under "reasonable"
** assumptions. A new 'ci' is completely linked in the list before it
** becomes part of the "active" list, and we assume that pointers are
** atomic; see comment in next function.
** (A compiler doing interprocedural optimizations could, theoretically,
** reorder memory writes in such a way that the list could be
** temporarily broken while inserting a new element. We simply assume it
** has no good reasons to do that.)
*/
static void settraps (CallInfo *ci) {
for (; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous)
if (isLua(ci))
ci->u.l.trap = 1;
}
/*
** This function can be called during a signal, under "reasonable"
** assumptions.
** Fields 'basehookcount' and 'hookcount' (set by 'resethookcount')
** are for debug only, and it is no problem if they get arbitrary
** values (causes at most one wrong hook call). 'hookmask' is an atomic
** value. We assume that pointers are atomic too (e.g., gcc ensures that
** for all platforms where it runs). Moreover, 'hook' is always checked
** before being called (see 'luaD_hook').
*/
LUA_API void lua_sethook (lua_State *L, lua_Hook func, int mask, int count) {
if (func == NULL || mask == 0) { /* turn off hooks? */
mask = 0;
func = NULL;
}
L->hook = func;
L->basehookcount = count;
resethookcount(L);
L->hookmask = cast_byte(mask);
if (mask)
settraps(L->ci); /* to trace inside 'luaV_execute' */
}
LUA_API lua_Hook lua_gethook (lua_State *L) {
return L->hook;
}
LUA_API int lua_gethookmask (lua_State *L) {
return L->hookmask;
}
LUA_API int lua_gethookcount (lua_State *L) {
return L->basehookcount;
}
LUA_API int lua_getstack (lua_State *L, int level, lua_Debug *ar) {
int status;
CallInfo *ci;
if (level < 0) return 0; /* invalid (negative) level */
lua_lock(L);
for (ci = L->ci; level > 0 && ci != &L->base_ci; ci = ci->previous)
level--;
if (level == 0 && ci != &L->base_ci) { /* level found? */
status = 1;
ar->i_ci = ci;
}
else status = 0; /* no such level */
lua_unlock(L);
return status;
}
static const char *upvalname (const Proto *p, int uv) {
TString *s = check_exp(uv < p->sizeupvalues, p->upvalues[uv].name);
if (s == NULL) return "?";
else return getstr(s);
}
static const char *findvararg (CallInfo *ci, int n, StkId *pos) {
if (clLvalue(s2v(ci->func.p))->p->is_vararg) {
int nextra = ci->u.l.nextraargs;
if (n >= -nextra) { /* 'n' is negative */
*pos = ci->func.p - nextra - (n + 1);
return "(vararg)"; /* generic name for any vararg */
}
}
return NULL; /* no such vararg */
}
const char *luaG_findlocal (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, int n, StkId *pos) {
StkId base = ci->func.p + 1;
const char *name = NULL;
if (isLua(ci)) {
if (n < 0) /* access to vararg values? */
return findvararg(ci, n, pos);
else
name = luaF_getlocalname(ci_func(ci)->p, n, currentpc(ci));
}
if (name == NULL) { /* no 'standard' name? */
StkId limit = (ci == L->ci) ? L->top.p : ci->next->func.p;
if (limit - base >= n && n > 0) { /* is 'n' inside 'ci' stack? */
/* generic name for any valid slot */
name = isLua(ci) ? "(temporary)" : "(C temporary)";
}
else
return NULL; /* no name */
}
if (pos)
*pos = base + (n - 1);
return name;
}
LUA_API const char *lua_getlocal (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n) {
const char *name;
lua_lock(L);
if (ar == NULL) { /* information about non-active function? */
if (!isLfunction(s2v(L->top.p - 1))) /* not a Lua function? */
name = NULL;
else /* consider live variables at function start (parameters) */
name = luaF_getlocalname(clLvalue(s2v(L->top.p - 1))->p, n, 0);
}
else { /* active function; get information through 'ar' */
StkId pos = NULL; /* to avoid warnings */
name = luaG_findlocal(L, ar->i_ci, n, &pos);
if (name) {
setobjs2s(L, L->top.p, pos);
api_incr_top(L);
}
}
lua_unlock(L);
return name;
}
LUA_API const char *lua_setlocal (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n) {
StkId pos = NULL; /* to avoid warnings */
const char *name;
lua_lock(L);
name = luaG_findlocal(L, ar->i_ci, n, &pos);
if (name) {
setobjs2s(L, pos, L->top.p - 1);
L->top.p--; /* pop value */
}
lua_unlock(L);
return name;
}
static void funcinfo (lua_Debug *ar, Closure *cl) {
if (noLuaClosure(cl)) {
ar->source = "=[C]";
ar->srclen = LL("=[C]");
ar->linedefined = -1;
ar->lastlinedefined = -1;
ar->what = "C";
}
else {
const Proto *p = cl->l.p;
if (p->source) {
ar->source = getstr(p->source);
ar->srclen = tsslen(p->source);
}
else {
ar->source = "=?";
ar->srclen = LL("=?");
}
ar->linedefined = p->linedefined;
ar->lastlinedefined = p->lastlinedefined;
ar->what = (ar->linedefined == 0) ? "main" : "Lua";
}
luaO_chunkid(ar->short_src, ar->source, ar->srclen);
}
static int nextline (const Proto *p, int currentline, int pc) {
if (p->lineinfo[pc] != ABSLINEINFO)
return currentline + p->lineinfo[pc];
else
return luaG_getfuncline(p, pc);
}
static void collectvalidlines (lua_State *L, Closure *f) {
if (noLuaClosure(f)) {
setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p));
api_incr_top(L);
}
else {
int i;
TValue v;
const Proto *p = f->l.p;
int currentline = p->linedefined;
Table *t = luaH_new(L); /* new table to store active lines */
sethvalue2s(L, L->top.p, t); /* push it on stack */
api_incr_top(L);
setbtvalue(&v); /* boolean 'true' to be the value of all indices */
if (!p->is_vararg) /* regular function? */
i = 0; /* consider all instructions */
else { /* vararg function */
lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(p->code[0]) == OP_VARARGPREP);
currentline = nextline(p, currentline, 0);
i = 1; /* skip first instruction (OP_VARARGPREP) */
}
for (; i < p->sizelineinfo; i++) { /* for each instruction */
currentline = nextline(p, currentline, i); /* get its line */
luaH_setint(L, t, currentline, &v); /* table[line] = true */
}
}
}
static const char *getfuncname (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, const char **name) {
/* calling function is a known function? */
if (ci != NULL && !(ci->callstatus & CIST_TAIL))
return funcnamefromcall(L, ci->previous, name);
else return NULL; /* no way to find a name */
}
static int auxgetinfo (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar,
Closure *f, CallInfo *ci) {
int status = 1;
for (; *what; what++) {
switch (*what) {
case 'S': {
funcinfo(ar, f);
break;
}
case 'l': {
ar->currentline = (ci && isLua(ci)) ? getcurrentline(ci) : -1;
break;
}
case 'u': {
ar->nups = (f == NULL) ? 0 : f->c.nupvalues;
if (noLuaClosure(f)) {
ar->isvararg = 1;
ar->nparams = 0;
}
else {
ar->isvararg = f->l.p->is_vararg;
ar->nparams = f->l.p->numparams;
}
break;
}
case 't': {
ar->istailcall = (ci) ? ci->callstatus & CIST_TAIL : 0;
break;
}
case 'n': {
ar->namewhat = getfuncname(L, ci, &ar->name);
if (ar->namewhat == NULL) {
ar->namewhat = ""; /* not found */
ar->name = NULL;
}
break;
}
case 'r': {
if (ci == NULL || !(ci->callstatus & CIST_TRAN))
ar->ftransfer = ar->ntransfer = 0;
else {
ar->ftransfer = ci->u2.transferinfo.ftransfer;
ar->ntransfer = ci->u2.transferinfo.ntransfer;
}
break;
}
case 'L':
case 'f': /* handled by lua_getinfo */
break;
default: status = 0; /* invalid option */
}
}
return status;
}
LUA_API int lua_getinfo (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar) {
int status;
Closure *cl;
CallInfo *ci;
TValue *func;
lua_lock(L);
if (*what == '>') {
ci = NULL;
func = s2v(L->top.p - 1);
api_check(L, ttisfunction(func), "function expected");
what++; /* skip the '>' */
L->top.p--; /* pop function */
}
else {
ci = ar->i_ci;
func = s2v(ci->func.p);
lua_assert(ttisfunction(func));
}
cl = ttisclosure(func) ? clvalue(func) : NULL;
status = auxgetinfo(L, what, ar, cl, ci);
if (strchr(what, 'f')) {
setobj2s(L, L->top.p, func);
api_incr_top(L);
}
if (strchr(what, 'L'))
collectvalidlines(L, cl);
lua_unlock(L);
return status;
}
/*
** {======================================================
** Symbolic Execution
** =======================================================
*/
static const char *getobjname (const Proto *p, int lastpc, int reg,
const char **name);
/*
** Find a "name" for the constant 'c'.
*/
static void kname (const Proto *p, int c, const char **name) {
TValue *kvalue = &p->k[c];
*name = (ttisstring(kvalue)) ? svalue(kvalue) : "?";
}
/*
** Find a "name" for the register 'c'.
*/
static void rname (const Proto *p, int pc, int c, const char **name) {
const char *what = getobjname(p, pc, c, name); /* search for 'c' */
if (!(what && *what == 'c')) /* did not find a constant name? */
*name = "?";
}
/*
** Find a "name" for a 'C' value in an RK instruction.
*/
static void rkname (const Proto *p, int pc, Instruction i, const char **name) {
int c = GETARG_C(i); /* key index */
if (GETARG_k(i)) /* is 'c' a constant? */
kname(p, c, name);
else /* 'c' is a register */
rname(p, pc, c, name);
}
static int filterpc (int pc, int jmptarget) {
if (pc < jmptarget) /* is code conditional (inside a jump)? */
return -1; /* cannot know who sets that register */
else return pc; /* current position sets that register */
}
/*
** Try to find last instruction before 'lastpc' that modified register 'reg'.
*/
static int findsetreg (const Proto *p, int lastpc, int reg) {
int pc;
int setreg = -1; /* keep last instruction that changed 'reg' */
int jmptarget = 0; /* any code before this address is conditional */
if (testMMMode(GET_OPCODE(p->code[lastpc])))
lastpc--; /* previous instruction was not actually executed */
for (pc = 0; pc < lastpc; pc++) {
Instruction i = p->code[pc];
OpCode op = GET_OPCODE(i);
int a = GETARG_A(i);
int change; /* true if current instruction changed 'reg' */
switch (op) {
case OP_LOADNIL: { /* set registers from 'a' to 'a+b' */
int b = GETARG_B(i);
change = (a <= reg && reg <= a + b);
break;
}
case OP_TFORCALL: { /* affect all regs above its base */
change = (reg >= a + 2);
break;
}
case OP_CALL:
case OP_TAILCALL: { /* affect all registers above base */
change = (reg >= a);
break;
}
case OP_JMP: { /* doesn't change registers, but changes 'jmptarget' */
int b = GETARG_sJ(i);
int dest = pc + 1 + b;
/* jump does not skip 'lastpc' and is larger than current one? */
if (dest <= lastpc && dest > jmptarget)
jmptarget = dest; /* update 'jmptarget' */
change = 0;
break;
}
default: /* any instruction that sets A */
change = (testAMode(op) && reg == a);
break;
}
if (change)
setreg = filterpc(pc, jmptarget);
}
return setreg;
}
/*
** Check whether table being indexed by instruction 'i' is the
** environment '_ENV'
*/
static const char *gxf (const Proto *p, int pc, Instruction i, int isup) {
int t = GETARG_B(i); /* table index */
const char *name; /* name of indexed variable */
if (isup) /* is an upvalue? */
name = upvalname(p, t);
else
getobjname(p, pc, t, &name);
return (name && strcmp(name, LUA_ENV) == 0) ? "global" : "field";
}
static const char *getobjname (const Proto *p, int lastpc, int reg,
const char **name) {
int pc;
*name = luaF_getlocalname(p, reg + 1, lastpc);
if (*name) /* is a local? */
return "local";
/* else try symbolic execution */
pc = findsetreg(p, lastpc, reg);
if (pc != -1) { /* could find instruction? */
Instruction i = p->code[pc];
OpCode op = GET_OPCODE(i);
switch (op) {
case OP_MOVE: {
int b = GETARG_B(i); /* move from 'b' to 'a' */
if (b < GETARG_A(i))
return getobjname(p, pc, b, name); /* get name for 'b' */
break;
}
case OP_GETTABUP: {
int k = GETARG_C(i); /* key index */
kname(p, k, name);
return gxf(p, pc, i, 1);
}
case OP_GETTABLE: {
int k = GETARG_C(i); /* key index */
rname(p, pc, k, name);
return gxf(p, pc, i, 0);
}
case OP_GETI: {
*name = "integer index";
return "field";
}
case OP_GETFIELD: {
int k = GETARG_C(i); /* key index */
kname(p, k, name);
return gxf(p, pc, i, 0);
}
case OP_GETUPVAL: {
*name = upvalname(p, GETARG_B(i));
return "upvalue";
}
case OP_LOADK:
case OP_LOADKX: {
int b = (op == OP_LOADK) ? GETARG_Bx(i)
: GETARG_Ax(p->code[pc + 1]);
if (ttisstring(&p->k[b])) {
*name = svalue(&p->k[b]);
return "constant";
}
break;
}
case OP_SELF: {
rkname(p, pc, i, name);
return "method";
}
default: break; /* go through to return NULL */
}
}
return NULL; /* could not find reasonable name */
}
/*
** Try to find a name for a function based on the code that called it.
** (Only works when function was called by a Lua function.)
** Returns what the name is (e.g., "for iterator", "method",
** "metamethod") and sets '*name' to point to the name.
*/
static const char *funcnamefromcode (lua_State *L, const Proto *p,
int pc, const char **name) {
TMS tm = (TMS)0; /* (initial value avoids warnings) */
Instruction i = p->code[pc]; /* calling instruction */
switch (GET_OPCODE(i)) {
case OP_CALL:
case OP_TAILCALL:
return getobjname(p, pc, GETARG_A(i), name); /* get function name */
case OP_TFORCALL: { /* for iterator */
*name = "for iterator";
return "for iterator";
}
/* other instructions can do calls through metamethods */
case OP_SELF: case OP_GETTABUP: case OP_GETTABLE:
case OP_GETI: case OP_GETFIELD:
tm = TM_INDEX;
break;
case OP_SETTABUP: case OP_SETTABLE: case OP_SETI: case OP_SETFIELD:
tm = TM_NEWINDEX;
break;
case OP_MMBIN: case OP_MMBINI: case OP_MMBINK: {
tm = cast(TMS, GETARG_C(i));
break;
}
case OP_UNM: tm = TM_UNM; break;
case OP_BNOT: tm = TM_BNOT; break;
case OP_LEN: tm = TM_LEN; break;
case OP_CONCAT: tm = TM_CONCAT; break;
case OP_EQ: tm = TM_EQ; break;
/* no cases for OP_EQI and OP_EQK, as they don't call metamethods */
case OP_LT: case OP_LTI: case OP_GTI: tm = TM_LT; break;
case OP_LE: case OP_LEI: case OP_GEI: tm = TM_LE; break;
case OP_CLOSE: case OP_RETURN: tm = TM_CLOSE; break;
default:
return NULL; /* cannot find a reasonable name */
}
*name = getstr(G(L)->tmname[tm]) + 2;
return "metamethod";
}
/*
** Try to find a name for a function based on how it was called.
*/
static const char *funcnamefromcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci,
const char **name) {
if (ci->callstatus & CIST_HOOKED) { /* was it called inside a hook? */
*name = "?";
return "hook";
}
else if (ci->callstatus & CIST_FIN) { /* was it called as a finalizer? */
*name = "__gc";
return "metamethod"; /* report it as such */
}
else if (isLua(ci))
return funcnamefromcode(L, ci_func(ci)->p, currentpc(ci), name);
else
return NULL;
}
/* }====================================================== */
/*
** Check whether pointer 'o' points to some value in the stack frame of
** the current function and, if so, returns its index. Because 'o' may
** not point to a value in this stack, we cannot compare it with the
** region boundaries (undefined behavior in ISO C).
*/
static int instack (CallInfo *ci, const TValue *o) {
int pos;
StkId base = ci->func.p + 1;
for (pos = 0; base + pos < ci->top.p; pos++) {
if (o == s2v(base + pos))
return pos;
}
return -1; /* not found */
}
/*
** Checks whether value 'o' came from an upvalue. (That can only happen
** with instructions OP_GETTABUP/OP_SETTABUP, which operate directly on
** upvalues.)
*/
static const char *getupvalname (CallInfo *ci, const TValue *o,
const char **name) {
LClosure *c = ci_func(ci);
int i;
for (i = 0; i < c->nupvalues; i++) {
if (c->upvals[i]->v.p == o) {
*name = upvalname(c->p, i);
return "upvalue";
}
}
return NULL;
}
static const char *formatvarinfo (lua_State *L, const char *kind,
const char *name) {
if (kind == NULL)
return ""; /* no information */
else
return luaO_pushfstring(L, " (%s '%s')", kind, name);
}
/*
** Build a string with a "description" for the value 'o', such as
** "variable 'x'" or "upvalue 'y'".
*/
static const char *varinfo (lua_State *L, const TValue *o) {
CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
const char *name = NULL; /* to avoid warnings */
const char *kind = NULL;
if (isLua(ci)) {
kind = getupvalname(ci, o, &name); /* check whether 'o' is an upvalue */
if (!kind) { /* not an upvalue? */
int reg = instack(ci, o); /* try a register */
if (reg >= 0) /* is 'o' a register? */
kind = getobjname(ci_func(ci)->p, currentpc(ci), reg, &name);
}
}
return formatvarinfo(L, kind, name);
}
/*
** Raise a type error
*/
static l_noret typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, const char *op,
const char *extra) {
const char *t = luaT_objtypename(L, o);
luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to %s a %s value%s", op, t, extra);
}
/*
** Raise a type error with "standard" information about the faulty
** object 'o' (using 'varinfo').
*/
l_noret luaG_typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, const char *op) {
typeerror(L, o, op, varinfo(L, o));
}
/*
** Raise an error for calling a non-callable object. Try to find a name
** for the object based on how it was called ('funcnamefromcall'); if it
** cannot get a name there, try 'varinfo'.
*/
l_noret luaG_callerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o) {
CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
const char *name = NULL; /* to avoid warnings */
const char *kind = funcnamefromcall(L, ci, &name);
const char *extra = kind ? formatvarinfo(L, kind, name) : varinfo(L, o);
typeerror(L, o, "call", extra);
}
l_noret luaG_forerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, const char *what) {
luaG_runerror(L, "bad 'for' %s (number expected, got %s)",
what, luaT_objtypename(L, o));
}
l_noret luaG_concaterror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) {
if (ttisstring(p1) || cvt2str(p1)) p1 = p2;
luaG_typeerror(L, p1, "concatenate");
}
l_noret luaG_opinterror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1,
const TValue *p2, const char *msg) {
if (!ttisnumber(p1)) /* first operand is wrong? */
p2 = p1; /* now second is wrong */
luaG_typeerror(L, p2, msg);
}
/*
** Error when both values are convertible to numbers, but not to integers
*/
l_noret luaG_tointerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) {
lua_Integer temp;
if (!luaV_tointegerns(p1, &temp, LUA_FLOORN2I))
p2 = p1;
luaG_runerror(L, "number%s has no integer representation", varinfo(L, p2));
}
l_noret luaG_ordererror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) {
const char *t1 = luaT_objtypename(L, p1);
const char *t2 = luaT_objtypename(L, p2);
if (strcmp(t1, t2) == 0)
luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to compare two %s values", t1);
else
luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to compare %s with %s", t1, t2);
}
/* add src:line information to 'msg' */
const char *luaG_addinfo (lua_State *L, const char *msg, TString *src,
int line) {
char buff[LUA_IDSIZE];
if (src)
luaO_chunkid(buff, getstr(src), tsslen(src));
else { /* no source available; use "?" instead */
buff[0] = '?'; buff[1] = '\0';
}
return luaO_pushfstring(L, "%s:%d: %s", buff, line, msg);
}
l_noret luaG_errormsg (lua_State *L) {
if (L->errfunc != 0) { /* is there an error handling function? */
StkId errfunc = restorestack(L, L->errfunc);
lua_assert(ttisfunction(s2v(errfunc)));
setobjs2s(L, L->top.p, L->top.p - 1); /* move argument */
setobjs2s(L, L->top.p - 1, errfunc); /* push function */
L->top.p++; /* assume EXTRA_STACK */
luaD_callnoyield(L, L->top.p - 2, 1); /* call it */
}
luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRRUN);
}
l_noret luaG_runerror (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...) {
CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
const char *msg;
va_list argp;
luaC_checkGC(L); /* error message uses memory */
va_start(argp, fmt);
msg = luaO_pushvfstring(L, fmt, argp); /* format message */
va_end(argp);
if (isLua(ci)) { /* if Lua function, add source:line information */
luaG_addinfo(L, msg, ci_func(ci)->p->source, getcurrentline(ci));
setobjs2s(L, L->top.p - 2, L->top.p - 1); /* remove 'msg' */
L->top.p--;
}
luaG_errormsg(L);
}
/*
** Check whether new instruction 'newpc' is in a different line from
** previous instruction 'oldpc'. More often than not, 'newpc' is only
** one or a few instructions after 'oldpc' (it must be after, see
** caller), so try to avoid calling 'luaG_getfuncline'. If they are
** too far apart, there is a good chance of a ABSLINEINFO in the way,
** so it goes directly to 'luaG_getfuncline'.
*/
static int changedline (const Proto *p, int oldpc, int newpc) {
if (p->lineinfo == NULL) /* no debug information? */
return 0;
if (newpc - oldpc < MAXIWTHABS / 2) { /* not too far apart? */
int delta = 0; /* line difference */
int pc = oldpc;
for (;;) {
int lineinfo = p->lineinfo[++pc];
if (lineinfo == ABSLINEINFO)
break; /* cannot compute delta; fall through */
delta += lineinfo;
if (pc == newpc)
return (delta != 0); /* delta computed successfully */
}
}
/* either instructions are too far apart or there is an absolute line
info in the way; compute line difference explicitly */
return (luaG_getfuncline(p, oldpc) != luaG_getfuncline(p, newpc));
}
/*
** Traces the execution of a Lua function. Called before the execution
** of each opcode, when debug is on. 'L->oldpc' stores the last
** instruction traced, to detect line changes. When entering a new
** function, 'npci' will be zero and will test as a new line whatever
** the value of 'oldpc'. Some exceptional conditions may return to
** a function without setting 'oldpc'. In that case, 'oldpc' may be
** invalid; if so, use zero as a valid value. (A wrong but valid 'oldpc'
** at most causes an extra call to a line hook.)
** This function is not "Protected" when called, so it should correct
** 'L->top.p' before calling anything that can run the GC.
*/
int luaG_traceexec (lua_State *L, const Instruction *pc) {
CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
lu_byte mask = L->hookmask;
const Proto *p = ci_func(ci)->p;
int counthook;
if (!(mask & (LUA_MASKLINE | LUA_MASKCOUNT))) { /* no hooks? */
ci->u.l.trap = 0; /* don't need to stop again */
return 0; /* turn off 'trap' */
}
pc++; /* reference is always next instruction */
ci->u.l.savedpc = pc; /* save 'pc' */
counthook = (--L->hookcount == 0 && (mask & LUA_MASKCOUNT));
if (counthook)
resethookcount(L); /* reset count */
else if (!(mask & LUA_MASKLINE))
return 1; /* no line hook and count != 0; nothing to be done now */
if (ci->callstatus & CIST_HOOKYIELD) { /* called hook last time? */
ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_HOOKYIELD; /* erase mark */
return 1; /* do not call hook again (VM yielded, so it did not move) */
}
if (!isIT(*(ci->u.l.savedpc - 1))) /* top not being used? */
L->top.p = ci->top.p; /* correct top */
if (counthook)
luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKCOUNT, -1, 0, 0); /* call count hook */
if (mask & LUA_MASKLINE) {
/* 'L->oldpc' may be invalid; use zero in this case */
int oldpc = (L->oldpc < p->sizecode) ? L->oldpc : 0;
int npci = pcRel(pc, p);
if (npci <= oldpc || /* call hook when jump back (loop), */
changedline(p, oldpc, npci)) { /* or when enter new line */
int newline = luaG_getfuncline(p, npci);
luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKLINE, newline, 0, 0); /* call line hook */
}
L->oldpc = npci; /* 'pc' of last call to line hook */
}
if (L->status == LUA_YIELD) { /* did hook yield? */
if (counthook)
L->hookcount = 1; /* undo decrement to zero */
ci->u.l.savedpc--; /* undo increment (resume will increment it again) */
ci->callstatus |= CIST_HOOKYIELD; /* mark that it yielded */
luaD_throw(L, LUA_YIELD);
}
return 1; /* keep 'trap' on */
}

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/*
** $Id: ldebug.h $
** Auxiliary functions from Debug Interface module
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#ifndef ldebug_h
#define ldebug_h
#include "lstate.h"
#define pcRel(pc, p) (cast_int((pc) - (p)->code) - 1)
/* Active Lua function (given call info) */
#define ci_func(ci) (clLvalue(s2v((ci)->func.p)))
#define resethookcount(L) (L->hookcount = L->basehookcount)
/*
** mark for entries in 'lineinfo' array that has absolute information in
** 'abslineinfo' array
*/
#define ABSLINEINFO (-0x80)
/*
** MAXimum number of successive Instructions WiTHout ABSolute line
** information. (A power of two allows fast divisions.)
*/
#if !defined(MAXIWTHABS)
#define MAXIWTHABS 128
#endif
LUAI_FUNC int luaG_getfuncline (const Proto *f, int pc);
LUAI_FUNC const char *luaG_findlocal (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, int n,
StkId *pos);
LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o,
const char *opname);
LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_callerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o);
LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_forerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o,
const char *what);
LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_concaterror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1,
const TValue *p2);
LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_opinterror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1,
const TValue *p2,
const char *msg);
LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_tointerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1,
const TValue *p2);
LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_ordererror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1,
const TValue *p2);
LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_runerror (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...);
LUAI_FUNC const char *luaG_addinfo (lua_State *L, const char *msg,
TString *src, int line);
LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_errormsg (lua_State *L);
LUAI_FUNC int luaG_traceexec (lua_State *L, const Instruction *pc);
#endif

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/*
** $Id: ldo.h $
** Stack and Call structure of Lua
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#ifndef ldo_h
#define ldo_h
#include "llimits.h"
#include "lobject.h"
#include "lstate.h"
#include "lzio.h"
/*
** Macro to check stack size and grow stack if needed. Parameters
** 'pre'/'pos' allow the macro to preserve a pointer into the
** stack across reallocations, doing the work only when needed.
** It also allows the running of one GC step when the stack is
** reallocated.
** 'condmovestack' is used in heavy tests to force a stack reallocation
** at every check.
*/
#define luaD_checkstackaux(L,n,pre,pos) \
if (l_unlikely(L->stack_last.p - L->top.p <= (n))) \
{ pre; luaD_growstack(L, n, 1); pos; } \
else { condmovestack(L,pre,pos); }
/* In general, 'pre'/'pos' are empty (nothing to save) */
#define luaD_checkstack(L,n) luaD_checkstackaux(L,n,(void)0,(void)0)
#define savestack(L,pt) (cast_charp(pt) - cast_charp(L->stack.p))
#define restorestack(L,n) cast(StkId, cast_charp(L->stack.p) + (n))
/* macro to check stack size, preserving 'p' */
#define checkstackp(L,n,p) \
luaD_checkstackaux(L, n, \
ptrdiff_t t__ = savestack(L, p), /* save 'p' */ \
p = restorestack(L, t__)) /* 'pos' part: restore 'p' */
/* macro to check stack size and GC, preserving 'p' */
#define checkstackGCp(L,n,p) \
luaD_checkstackaux(L, n, \
ptrdiff_t t__ = savestack(L, p); /* save 'p' */ \
luaC_checkGC(L), /* stack grow uses memory */ \
p = restorestack(L, t__)) /* 'pos' part: restore 'p' */
/* macro to check stack size and GC */
#define checkstackGC(L,fsize) \
luaD_checkstackaux(L, (fsize), luaC_checkGC(L), (void)0)
/* type of protected functions, to be ran by 'runprotected' */
typedef void (*Pfunc) (lua_State *L, void *ud);
LUAI_FUNC void luaD_seterrorobj (lua_State *L, int errcode, StkId oldtop);
LUAI_FUNC int luaD_protectedparser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, const char *name,
const char *mode);
LUAI_FUNC void luaD_hook (lua_State *L, int event, int line,
int fTransfer, int nTransfer);
LUAI_FUNC void luaD_hookcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci);
LUAI_FUNC int luaD_pretailcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, StkId func,
int narg1, int delta);
LUAI_FUNC CallInfo *luaD_precall (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults);
LUAI_FUNC void luaD_call (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults);
LUAI_FUNC void luaD_callnoyield (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults);
LUAI_FUNC StkId luaD_tryfuncTM (lua_State *L, StkId func);
LUAI_FUNC int luaD_closeprotected (lua_State *L, ptrdiff_t level, int status);
LUAI_FUNC int luaD_pcall (lua_State *L, Pfunc func, void *u,
ptrdiff_t oldtop, ptrdiff_t ef);
LUAI_FUNC void luaD_poscall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, int nres);
LUAI_FUNC int luaD_reallocstack (lua_State *L, int newsize, int raiseerror);
LUAI_FUNC int luaD_growstack (lua_State *L, int n, int raiseerror);
LUAI_FUNC void luaD_shrinkstack (lua_State *L);
LUAI_FUNC void luaD_inctop (lua_State *L);
LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaD_throw (lua_State *L, int errcode);
LUAI_FUNC int luaD_rawrunprotected (lua_State *L, Pfunc f, void *ud);
#endif

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/*
** $Id: ldump.c $
** save precompiled Lua chunks
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#define ldump_c
#define LUA_CORE
#include "lprefix.h"
#include <limits.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include "lua.h"
#include "lobject.h"
#include "lstate.h"
#include "lundump.h"
typedef struct {
lua_State *L;
lua_Writer writer;
void *data;
int strip;
int status;
} DumpState;
/*
** All high-level dumps go through dumpVector; you can change it to
** change the endianness of the result
*/
#define dumpVector(D,v,n) dumpBlock(D,v,(n)*sizeof((v)[0]))
#define dumpLiteral(D, s) dumpBlock(D,s,sizeof(s) - sizeof(char))
static void dumpBlock (DumpState *D, const void *b, size_t size) {
if (D->status == 0 && size > 0) {
lua_unlock(D->L);
D->status = (*D->writer)(D->L, b, size, D->data);
lua_lock(D->L);
}
}
#define dumpVar(D,x) dumpVector(D,&x,1)
static void dumpByte (DumpState *D, int y) {
lu_byte x = (lu_byte)y;
dumpVar(D, x);
}
/*
** 'dumpSize' buffer size: each byte can store up to 7 bits. (The "+6"
** rounds up the division.)
*/
#define DIBS ((sizeof(size_t) * CHAR_BIT + 6) / 7)
static void dumpSize (DumpState *D, size_t x) {
lu_byte buff[DIBS];
int n = 0;
do {
buff[DIBS - (++n)] = x & 0x7f; /* fill buffer in reverse order */
x >>= 7;
} while (x != 0);
buff[DIBS - 1] |= 0x80; /* mark last byte */
dumpVector(D, buff + DIBS - n, n);
}
static void dumpInt (DumpState *D, int x) {
dumpSize(D, x);
}
static void dumpNumber (DumpState *D, lua_Number x) {
dumpVar(D, x);
}
static void dumpInteger (DumpState *D, lua_Integer x) {
dumpVar(D, x);
}
static void dumpString (DumpState *D, const TString *s) {
if (s == NULL)
dumpSize(D, 0);
else {
size_t size = tsslen(s);
const char *str = getstr(s);
dumpSize(D, size + 1);
dumpVector(D, str, size);
}
}
static void dumpCode (DumpState *D, const Proto *f) {
dumpInt(D, f->sizecode);
dumpVector(D, f->code, f->sizecode);
}
static void dumpFunction(DumpState *D, const Proto *f, TString *psource);
static void dumpConstants (DumpState *D, const Proto *f) {
int i;
int n = f->sizek;
dumpInt(D, n);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
const TValue *o = &f->k[i];
int tt = ttypetag(o);
dumpByte(D, tt);
switch (tt) {
case LUA_VNUMFLT:
dumpNumber(D, fltvalue(o));
break;
case LUA_VNUMINT:
dumpInteger(D, ivalue(o));
break;
case LUA_VSHRSTR:
case LUA_VLNGSTR:
dumpString(D, tsvalue(o));
break;
default:
lua_assert(tt == LUA_VNIL || tt == LUA_VFALSE || tt == LUA_VTRUE);
}
}
}
static void dumpProtos (DumpState *D, const Proto *f) {
int i;
int n = f->sizep;
dumpInt(D, n);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
dumpFunction(D, f->p[i], f->source);
}
static void dumpUpvalues (DumpState *D, const Proto *f) {
int i, n = f->sizeupvalues;
dumpInt(D, n);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
dumpByte(D, f->upvalues[i].instack);
dumpByte(D, f->upvalues[i].idx);
dumpByte(D, f->upvalues[i].kind);
}
}
static void dumpDebug (DumpState *D, const Proto *f) {
int i, n;
n = (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizelineinfo;
dumpInt(D, n);
dumpVector(D, f->lineinfo, n);
n = (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizeabslineinfo;
dumpInt(D, n);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
dumpInt(D, f->abslineinfo[i].pc);
dumpInt(D, f->abslineinfo[i].line);
}
n = (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizelocvars;
dumpInt(D, n);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
dumpString(D, f->locvars[i].varname);
dumpInt(D, f->locvars[i].startpc);
dumpInt(D, f->locvars[i].endpc);
}
n = (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizeupvalues;
dumpInt(D, n);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
dumpString(D, f->upvalues[i].name);
}
static void dumpFunction (DumpState *D, const Proto *f, TString *psource) {
if (D->strip || f->source == psource)
dumpString(D, NULL); /* no debug info or same source as its parent */
else
dumpString(D, f->source);
dumpInt(D, f->linedefined);
dumpInt(D, f->lastlinedefined);
dumpByte(D, f->numparams);
dumpByte(D, f->is_vararg);
dumpByte(D, f->maxstacksize);
dumpCode(D, f);
dumpConstants(D, f);
dumpUpvalues(D, f);
dumpProtos(D, f);
dumpDebug(D, f);
}
static void dumpHeader (DumpState *D) {
dumpLiteral(D, LUA_SIGNATURE);
dumpByte(D, LUAC_VERSION);
dumpByte(D, LUAC_FORMAT);
dumpLiteral(D, LUAC_DATA);
dumpByte(D, sizeof(Instruction));
dumpByte(D, sizeof(lua_Integer));
dumpByte(D, sizeof(lua_Number));
dumpInteger(D, LUAC_INT);
dumpNumber(D, LUAC_NUM);
}
/*
** dump Lua function as precompiled chunk
*/
int luaU_dump(lua_State *L, const Proto *f, lua_Writer w, void *data,
int strip) {
DumpState D;
D.L = L;
D.writer = w;
D.data = data;
D.strip = strip;
D.status = 0;
dumpHeader(&D);
dumpByte(&D, f->sizeupvalues);
dumpFunction(&D, f, NULL);
return D.status;
}

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/*
** $Id: lfunc.c $
** Auxiliary functions to manipulate prototypes and closures
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#define lfunc_c
#define LUA_CORE
#include "lprefix.h"
#include <stddef.h>
#include "lua.h"
#include "ldebug.h"
#include "ldo.h"
#include "lfunc.h"
#include "lgc.h"
#include "lmem.h"
#include "lobject.h"
#include "lstate.h"
CClosure *luaF_newCclosure (lua_State *L, int nupvals) {
GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VCCL, sizeCclosure(nupvals));
CClosure *c = gco2ccl(o);
c->nupvalues = cast_byte(nupvals);
return c;
}
LClosure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int nupvals) {
GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VLCL, sizeLclosure(nupvals));
LClosure *c = gco2lcl(o);
c->p = NULL;
c->nupvalues = cast_byte(nupvals);
while (nupvals--) c->upvals[nupvals] = NULL;
return c;
}
/*
** fill a closure with new closed upvalues
*/
void luaF_initupvals (lua_State *L, LClosure *cl) {
int i;
for (i = 0; i < cl->nupvalues; i++) {
GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VUPVAL, sizeof(UpVal));
UpVal *uv = gco2upv(o);
uv->v.p = &uv->u.value; /* make it closed */
setnilvalue(uv->v.p);
cl->upvals[i] = uv;
luaC_objbarrier(L, cl, uv);
}
}
/*
** Create a new upvalue at the given level, and link it to the list of
** open upvalues of 'L' after entry 'prev'.
**/
static UpVal *newupval (lua_State *L, StkId level, UpVal **prev) {
GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VUPVAL, sizeof(UpVal));
UpVal *uv = gco2upv(o);
UpVal *next = *prev;
uv->v.p = s2v(level); /* current value lives in the stack */
uv->u.open.next = next; /* link it to list of open upvalues */
uv->u.open.previous = prev;
if (next)
next->u.open.previous = &uv->u.open.next;
*prev = uv;
if (!isintwups(L)) { /* thread not in list of threads with upvalues? */
L->twups = G(L)->twups; /* link it to the list */
G(L)->twups = L;
}
return uv;
}
/*
** Find and reuse, or create if it does not exist, an upvalue
** at the given level.
*/
UpVal *luaF_findupval (lua_State *L, StkId level) {
UpVal **pp = &L->openupval;
UpVal *p;
lua_assert(isintwups(L) || L->openupval == NULL);
while ((p = *pp) != NULL && uplevel(p) >= level) { /* search for it */
lua_assert(!isdead(G(L), p));
if (uplevel(p) == level) /* corresponding upvalue? */
return p; /* return it */
pp = &p->u.open.next;
}
/* not found: create a new upvalue after 'pp' */
return newupval(L, level, pp);
}
/*
** Call closing method for object 'obj' with error message 'err'. The
** boolean 'yy' controls whether the call is yieldable.
** (This function assumes EXTRA_STACK.)
*/
static void callclosemethod (lua_State *L, TValue *obj, TValue *err, int yy) {
StkId top = L->top.p;
const TValue *tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, obj, TM_CLOSE);
setobj2s(L, top, tm); /* will call metamethod... */
setobj2s(L, top + 1, obj); /* with 'self' as the 1st argument */
setobj2s(L, top + 2, err); /* and error msg. as 2nd argument */
L->top.p = top + 3; /* add function and arguments */
if (yy)
luaD_call(L, top, 0);
else
luaD_callnoyield(L, top, 0);
}
/*
** Check whether object at given level has a close metamethod and raise
** an error if not.
*/
static void checkclosemth (lua_State *L, StkId level) {
const TValue *tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, s2v(level), TM_CLOSE);
if (ttisnil(tm)) { /* no metamethod? */
int idx = cast_int(level - L->ci->func.p); /* variable index */
const char *vname = luaG_findlocal(L, L->ci, idx, NULL);
if (vname == NULL) vname = "?";
luaG_runerror(L, "variable '%s' got a non-closable value", vname);
}
}
/*
** Prepare and call a closing method.
** If status is CLOSEKTOP, the call to the closing method will be pushed
** at the top of the stack. Otherwise, values can be pushed right after
** the 'level' of the upvalue being closed, as everything after that
** won't be used again.
*/
static void prepcallclosemth (lua_State *L, StkId level, int status, int yy) {
TValue *uv = s2v(level); /* value being closed */
TValue *errobj;
if (status == CLOSEKTOP)
errobj = &G(L)->nilvalue; /* error object is nil */
else { /* 'luaD_seterrorobj' will set top to level + 2 */
errobj = s2v(level + 1); /* error object goes after 'uv' */
luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, level + 1); /* set error object */
}
callclosemethod(L, uv, errobj, yy);
}
/*
** Maximum value for deltas in 'tbclist', dependent on the type
** of delta. (This macro assumes that an 'L' is in scope where it
** is used.)
*/
#define MAXDELTA \
((256ul << ((sizeof(L->stack.p->tbclist.delta) - 1) * 8)) - 1)
/*
** Insert a variable in the list of to-be-closed variables.
*/
void luaF_newtbcupval (lua_State *L, StkId level) {
lua_assert(level > L->tbclist.p);
if (l_isfalse(s2v(level)))
return; /* false doesn't need to be closed */
checkclosemth(L, level); /* value must have a close method */
while (cast_uint(level - L->tbclist.p) > MAXDELTA) {
L->tbclist.p += MAXDELTA; /* create a dummy node at maximum delta */
L->tbclist.p->tbclist.delta = 0;
}
level->tbclist.delta = cast(unsigned short, level - L->tbclist.p);
L->tbclist.p = level;
}
void luaF_unlinkupval (UpVal *uv) {
lua_assert(upisopen(uv));
*uv->u.open.previous = uv->u.open.next;
if (uv->u.open.next)
uv->u.open.next->u.open.previous = uv->u.open.previous;
}
/*
** Close all upvalues up to the given stack level.
*/
void luaF_closeupval (lua_State *L, StkId level) {
UpVal *uv;
StkId upl; /* stack index pointed by 'uv' */
while ((uv = L->openupval) != NULL && (upl = uplevel(uv)) >= level) {
TValue *slot = &uv->u.value; /* new position for value */
lua_assert(uplevel(uv) < L->top.p);
luaF_unlinkupval(uv); /* remove upvalue from 'openupval' list */
setobj(L, slot, uv->v.p); /* move value to upvalue slot */
uv->v.p = slot; /* now current value lives here */
if (!iswhite(uv)) { /* neither white nor dead? */
nw2black(uv); /* closed upvalues cannot be gray */
luaC_barrier(L, uv, slot);
}
}
}
/*
** Remove first element from the tbclist plus its dummy nodes.
*/
static void poptbclist (lua_State *L) {
StkId tbc = L->tbclist.p;
lua_assert(tbc->tbclist.delta > 0); /* first element cannot be dummy */
tbc -= tbc->tbclist.delta;
while (tbc > L->stack.p && tbc->tbclist.delta == 0)
tbc -= MAXDELTA; /* remove dummy nodes */
L->tbclist.p = tbc;
}
/*
** Close all upvalues and to-be-closed variables up to the given stack
** level. Return restored 'level'.
*/
StkId luaF_close (lua_State *L, StkId level, int status, int yy) {
ptrdiff_t levelrel = savestack(L, level);
luaF_closeupval(L, level); /* first, close the upvalues */
while (L->tbclist.p >= level) { /* traverse tbc's down to that level */
StkId tbc = L->tbclist.p; /* get variable index */
poptbclist(L); /* remove it from list */
prepcallclosemth(L, tbc, status, yy); /* close variable */
level = restorestack(L, levelrel);
}
return level;
}
Proto *luaF_newproto (lua_State *L) {
GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VPROTO, sizeof(Proto));
Proto *f = gco2p(o);
f->k = NULL;
f->sizek = 0;
f->p = NULL;
f->sizep = 0;
f->code = NULL;
f->sizecode = 0;
f->lineinfo = NULL;
f->sizelineinfo = 0;
f->abslineinfo = NULL;
f->sizeabslineinfo = 0;
f->upvalues = NULL;
f->sizeupvalues = 0;
f->numparams = 0;
f->is_vararg = 0;
f->maxstacksize = 0;
f->locvars = NULL;
f->sizelocvars = 0;
f->linedefined = 0;
f->lastlinedefined = 0;
f->source = NULL;
return f;
}
void luaF_freeproto (lua_State *L, Proto *f) {
luaM_freearray(L, f->code, f->sizecode);
luaM_freearray(L, f->p, f->sizep);
luaM_freearray(L, f->k, f->sizek);
luaM_freearray(L, f->lineinfo, f->sizelineinfo);
luaM_freearray(L, f->abslineinfo, f->sizeabslineinfo);
luaM_freearray(L, f->locvars, f->sizelocvars);
luaM_freearray(L, f->upvalues, f->sizeupvalues);
luaM_free(L, f);
}
/*
** Look for n-th local variable at line 'line' in function 'func'.
** Returns NULL if not found.
*/
const char *luaF_getlocalname (const Proto *f, int local_number, int pc) {
int i;
for (i = 0; i<f->sizelocvars && f->locvars[i].startpc <= pc; i++) {
if (pc < f->locvars[i].endpc) { /* is variable active? */
local_number--;
if (local_number == 0)
return getstr(f->locvars[i].varname);
}
}
return NULL; /* not found */
}

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/*
** $Id: lfunc.h $
** Auxiliary functions to manipulate prototypes and closures
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#ifndef lfunc_h
#define lfunc_h
#include "lobject.h"
#define sizeCclosure(n) (cast_int(offsetof(CClosure, upvalue)) + \
cast_int(sizeof(TValue)) * (n))
#define sizeLclosure(n) (cast_int(offsetof(LClosure, upvals)) + \
cast_int(sizeof(TValue *)) * (n))
/* test whether thread is in 'twups' list */
#define isintwups(L) (L->twups != L)
/*
** maximum number of upvalues in a closure (both C and Lua). (Value
** must fit in a VM register.)
*/
#define MAXUPVAL 255
#define upisopen(up) ((up)->v.p != &(up)->u.value)
#define uplevel(up) check_exp(upisopen(up), cast(StkId, (up)->v.p))
/*
** maximum number of misses before giving up the cache of closures
** in prototypes
*/
#define MAXMISS 10
/* special status to close upvalues preserving the top of the stack */
#define CLOSEKTOP (-1)
LUAI_FUNC Proto *luaF_newproto (lua_State *L);
LUAI_FUNC CClosure *luaF_newCclosure (lua_State *L, int nupvals);
LUAI_FUNC LClosure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int nupvals);
LUAI_FUNC void luaF_initupvals (lua_State *L, LClosure *cl);
LUAI_FUNC UpVal *luaF_findupval (lua_State *L, StkId level);
LUAI_FUNC void luaF_newtbcupval (lua_State *L, StkId level);
LUAI_FUNC void luaF_closeupval (lua_State *L, StkId level);
LUAI_FUNC StkId luaF_close (lua_State *L, StkId level, int status, int yy);
LUAI_FUNC void luaF_unlinkupval (UpVal *uv);
LUAI_FUNC void luaF_freeproto (lua_State *L, Proto *f);
LUAI_FUNC const char *luaF_getlocalname (const Proto *func, int local_number,
int pc);
#endif

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/*
** $Id: lgc.h $
** Garbage Collector
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#ifndef lgc_h
#define lgc_h
#include "lobject.h"
#include "lstate.h"
/*
** Collectable objects may have one of three colors: white, which means
** the object is not marked; gray, which means the object is marked, but
** its references may be not marked; and black, which means that the
** object and all its references are marked. The main invariant of the
** garbage collector, while marking objects, is that a black object can
** never point to a white one. Moreover, any gray object must be in a
** "gray list" (gray, grayagain, weak, allweak, ephemeron) so that it
** can be visited again before finishing the collection cycle. (Open
** upvalues are an exception to this rule.) These lists have no meaning
** when the invariant is not being enforced (e.g., sweep phase).
*/
/*
** Possible states of the Garbage Collector
*/
#define GCSpropagate 0
#define GCSenteratomic 1
#define GCSatomic 2
#define GCSswpallgc 3
#define GCSswpfinobj 4
#define GCSswptobefnz 5
#define GCSswpend 6
#define GCScallfin 7
#define GCSpause 8
#define issweepphase(g) \
(GCSswpallgc <= (g)->gcstate && (g)->gcstate <= GCSswpend)
/*
** macro to tell when main invariant (white objects cannot point to black
** ones) must be kept. During a collection, the sweep
** phase may break the invariant, as objects turned white may point to
** still-black objects. The invariant is restored when sweep ends and
** all objects are white again.
*/
#define keepinvariant(g) ((g)->gcstate <= GCSatomic)
/*
** some useful bit tricks
*/
#define resetbits(x,m) ((x) &= cast_byte(~(m)))
#define setbits(x,m) ((x) |= (m))
#define testbits(x,m) ((x) & (m))
#define bitmask(b) (1<<(b))
#define bit2mask(b1,b2) (bitmask(b1) | bitmask(b2))
#define l_setbit(x,b) setbits(x, bitmask(b))
#define resetbit(x,b) resetbits(x, bitmask(b))
#define testbit(x,b) testbits(x, bitmask(b))
/*
** Layout for bit use in 'marked' field. First three bits are
** used for object "age" in generational mode. Last bit is used
** by tests.
*/
#define WHITE0BIT 3 /* object is white (type 0) */
#define WHITE1BIT 4 /* object is white (type 1) */
#define BLACKBIT 5 /* object is black */
#define FINALIZEDBIT 6 /* object has been marked for finalization */
#define TESTBIT 7
#define WHITEBITS bit2mask(WHITE0BIT, WHITE1BIT)
#define iswhite(x) testbits((x)->marked, WHITEBITS)
#define isblack(x) testbit((x)->marked, BLACKBIT)
#define isgray(x) /* neither white nor black */ \
(!testbits((x)->marked, WHITEBITS | bitmask(BLACKBIT)))
#define tofinalize(x) testbit((x)->marked, FINALIZEDBIT)
#define otherwhite(g) ((g)->currentwhite ^ WHITEBITS)
#define isdeadm(ow,m) ((m) & (ow))
#define isdead(g,v) isdeadm(otherwhite(g), (v)->marked)
#define changewhite(x) ((x)->marked ^= WHITEBITS)
#define nw2black(x) \
check_exp(!iswhite(x), l_setbit((x)->marked, BLACKBIT))
#define luaC_white(g) cast_byte((g)->currentwhite & WHITEBITS)
/* object age in generational mode */
#define G_NEW 0 /* created in current cycle */
#define G_SURVIVAL 1 /* created in previous cycle */
#define G_OLD0 2 /* marked old by frw. barrier in this cycle */
#define G_OLD1 3 /* first full cycle as old */
#define G_OLD 4 /* really old object (not to be visited) */
#define G_TOUCHED1 5 /* old object touched this cycle */
#define G_TOUCHED2 6 /* old object touched in previous cycle */
#define AGEBITS 7 /* all age bits (111) */
#define getage(o) ((o)->marked & AGEBITS)
#define setage(o,a) ((o)->marked = cast_byte(((o)->marked & (~AGEBITS)) | a))
#define isold(o) (getage(o) > G_SURVIVAL)
#define changeage(o,f,t) \
check_exp(getage(o) == (f), (o)->marked ^= ((f)^(t)))
/* Default Values for GC parameters */
#define LUAI_GENMAJORMUL 100
#define LUAI_GENMINORMUL 20
/* wait memory to double before starting new cycle */
#define LUAI_GCPAUSE 200
/*
** some gc parameters are stored divided by 4 to allow a maximum value
** up to 1023 in a 'lu_byte'.
*/
#define getgcparam(p) ((p) * 4)
#define setgcparam(p,v) ((p) = (v) / 4)
#define LUAI_GCMUL 100
/* how much to allocate before next GC step (log2) */
#define LUAI_GCSTEPSIZE 13 /* 8 KB */
/*
** Check whether the declared GC mode is generational. While in
** generational mode, the collector can go temporarily to incremental
** mode to improve performance. This is signaled by 'g->lastatomic != 0'.
*/
#define isdecGCmodegen(g) (g->gckind == KGC_GEN || g->lastatomic != 0)
/*
** Control when GC is running:
*/
#define GCSTPUSR 1 /* bit true when GC stopped by user */
#define GCSTPGC 2 /* bit true when GC stopped by itself */
#define GCSTPCLS 4 /* bit true when closing Lua state */
#define gcrunning(g) ((g)->gcstp == 0)
/*
** Does one step of collection when debt becomes positive. 'pre'/'pos'
** allows some adjustments to be done only when needed. macro
** 'condchangemem' is used only for heavy tests (forcing a full
** GC cycle on every opportunity)
*/
#define luaC_condGC(L,pre,pos) \
{ if (G(L)->GCdebt > 0) { pre; luaC_step(L); pos;}; \
condchangemem(L,pre,pos); }
/* more often than not, 'pre'/'pos' are empty */
#define luaC_checkGC(L) luaC_condGC(L,(void)0,(void)0)
#define luaC_objbarrier(L,p,o) ( \
(isblack(p) && iswhite(o)) ? \
luaC_barrier_(L,obj2gco(p),obj2gco(o)) : cast_void(0))
#define luaC_barrier(L,p,v) ( \
iscollectable(v) ? luaC_objbarrier(L,p,gcvalue(v)) : cast_void(0))
#define luaC_objbarrierback(L,p,o) ( \
(isblack(p) && iswhite(o)) ? luaC_barrierback_(L,p) : cast_void(0))
#define luaC_barrierback(L,p,v) ( \
iscollectable(v) ? luaC_objbarrierback(L, p, gcvalue(v)) : cast_void(0))
LUAI_FUNC void luaC_fix (lua_State *L, GCObject *o);
LUAI_FUNC void luaC_freeallobjects (lua_State *L);
LUAI_FUNC void luaC_step (lua_State *L);
LUAI_FUNC void luaC_runtilstate (lua_State *L, int statesmask);
LUAI_FUNC void luaC_fullgc (lua_State *L, int isemergency);
LUAI_FUNC GCObject *luaC_newobj (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz);
LUAI_FUNC GCObject *luaC_newobjdt (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz,
size_t offset);
LUAI_FUNC void luaC_barrier_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, GCObject *v);
LUAI_FUNC void luaC_barrierback_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o);
LUAI_FUNC void luaC_checkfinalizer (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, Table *mt);
LUAI_FUNC void luaC_changemode (lua_State *L, int newmode);
#endif

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/*
** $Id: linit.c $
** Initialization of libraries for lua.c and other clients
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#define linit_c
#define LUA_LIB
/*
** If you embed Lua in your program and need to open the standard
** libraries, call luaL_openlibs in your program. If you need a
** different set of libraries, copy this file to your project and edit
** it to suit your needs.
**
** You can also *preload* libraries, so that a later 'require' can
** open the library, which is already linked to the application.
** For that, do the following code:
**
** luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE);
** lua_pushcfunction(L, luaopen_modname);
** lua_setfield(L, -2, modname);
** lua_pop(L, 1); // remove PRELOAD table
*/
#include "lprefix.h"
#include <stddef.h>
#include "lua.h"
#include "lualib.h"
#include "lauxlib.h"
/*
** these libs are loaded by lua.c and are readily available to any Lua
** program
*/
static const luaL_Reg loadedlibs[] = {
{LUA_GNAME, luaopen_base},
{LUA_LOADLIBNAME, luaopen_package},
{LUA_COLIBNAME, luaopen_coroutine},
{LUA_TABLIBNAME, luaopen_table},
{LUA_IOLIBNAME, luaopen_io},
{LUA_OSLIBNAME, luaopen_os},
{LUA_STRLIBNAME, luaopen_string},
{LUA_MATHLIBNAME, luaopen_math},
{LUA_UTF8LIBNAME, luaopen_utf8},
{LUA_DBLIBNAME, luaopen_debug},
{NULL, NULL}
};
LUALIB_API void luaL_openlibs (lua_State *L) {
const luaL_Reg *lib;
/* "require" functions from 'loadedlibs' and set results to global table */
for (lib = loadedlibs; lib->func; lib++) {
luaL_requiref(L, lib->name, lib->func, 1);
lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove lib */
}
}

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/*
** $Id: liolib.c $
** Standard I/O (and system) library
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#define liolib_c
#define LUA_LIB
#include "lprefix.h"
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "lua.h"
#include "lauxlib.h"
#include "lualib.h"
/*
** Change this macro to accept other modes for 'fopen' besides
** the standard ones.
*/
#if !defined(l_checkmode)
/* accepted extensions to 'mode' in 'fopen' */
#if !defined(L_MODEEXT)
#define L_MODEEXT "b"
#endif
/* Check whether 'mode' matches '[rwa]%+?[L_MODEEXT]*' */
static int l_checkmode (const char *mode) {
return (*mode != '\0' && strchr("rwa", *(mode++)) != NULL &&
(*mode != '+' || ((void)(++mode), 1)) && /* skip if char is '+' */
(strspn(mode, L_MODEEXT) == strlen(mode))); /* check extensions */
}
#endif
/*
** {======================================================
** l_popen spawns a new process connected to the current
** one through the file streams.
** =======================================================
*/
#if !defined(l_popen) /* { */
#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) /* { */
#define l_popen(L,c,m) (fflush(NULL), popen(c,m))
#define l_pclose(L,file) (pclose(file))
#elif defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS) /* }{ */
#define l_popen(L,c,m) (_popen(c,m))
#define l_pclose(L,file) (_pclose(file))
#if !defined(l_checkmodep)
/* Windows accepts "[rw][bt]?" as valid modes */
#define l_checkmodep(m) ((m[0] == 'r' || m[0] == 'w') && \
(m[1] == '\0' || ((m[1] == 'b' || m[1] == 't') && m[2] == '\0')))
#endif
#else /* }{ */
/* ISO C definitions */
#define l_popen(L,c,m) \
((void)c, (void)m, \
luaL_error(L, "'popen' not supported"), \
(FILE*)0)
#define l_pclose(L,file) ((void)L, (void)file, -1)
#endif /* } */
#endif /* } */
#if !defined(l_checkmodep)
/* By default, Lua accepts only "r" or "w" as valid modes */
#define l_checkmodep(m) ((m[0] == 'r' || m[0] == 'w') && m[1] == '\0')
#endif
/* }====================================================== */
#if !defined(l_getc) /* { */
#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX)
#define l_getc(f) getc_unlocked(f)
#define l_lockfile(f) flockfile(f)
#define l_unlockfile(f) funlockfile(f)
#else
#define l_getc(f) getc(f)
#define l_lockfile(f) ((void)0)
#define l_unlockfile(f) ((void)0)
#endif
#endif /* } */
/*
** {======================================================
** l_fseek: configuration for longer offsets
** =======================================================
*/
#if !defined(l_fseek) /* { */
#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) /* { */
#include <sys/types.h>
#define l_fseek(f,o,w) fseeko(f,o,w)
#define l_ftell(f) ftello(f)
#define l_seeknum off_t
#elif defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS) && !defined(_CRTIMP_TYPEINFO) \
&& defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1400) /* }{ */
/* Windows (but not DDK) and Visual C++ 2005 or higher */
#define l_fseek(f,o,w) _fseeki64(f,o,w)
#define l_ftell(f) _ftelli64(f)
#define l_seeknum __int64
#else /* }{ */
/* ISO C definitions */
#define l_fseek(f,o,w) fseek(f,o,w)
#define l_ftell(f) ftell(f)
#define l_seeknum long
#endif /* } */
#endif /* } */
/* }====================================================== */
#define IO_PREFIX "_IO_"
#define IOPREF_LEN (sizeof(IO_PREFIX)/sizeof(char) - 1)
#define IO_INPUT (IO_PREFIX "input")
#define IO_OUTPUT (IO_PREFIX "output")
typedef luaL_Stream LStream;
#define tolstream(L) ((LStream *)luaL_checkudata(L, 1, LUA_FILEHANDLE))
#define isclosed(p) ((p)->closef == NULL)
static int io_type (lua_State *L) {
LStream *p;
luaL_checkany(L, 1);
p = (LStream *)luaL_testudata(L, 1, LUA_FILEHANDLE);
if (p == NULL)
luaL_pushfail(L); /* not a file */
else if (isclosed(p))
lua_pushliteral(L, "closed file");
else
lua_pushliteral(L, "file");
return 1;
}
static int f_tostring (lua_State *L) {
LStream *p = tolstream(L);
if (isclosed(p))
lua_pushliteral(L, "file (closed)");
else
lua_pushfstring(L, "file (%p)", p->f);
return 1;
}
static FILE *tofile (lua_State *L) {
LStream *p = tolstream(L);
if (l_unlikely(isclosed(p)))
luaL_error(L, "attempt to use a closed file");
lua_assert(p->f);
return p->f;
}
/*
** When creating file handles, always creates a 'closed' file handle
** before opening the actual file; so, if there is a memory error, the
** handle is in a consistent state.
*/
static LStream *newprefile (lua_State *L) {
LStream *p = (LStream *)lua_newuserdatauv(L, sizeof(LStream), 0);
p->closef = NULL; /* mark file handle as 'closed' */
luaL_setmetatable(L, LUA_FILEHANDLE);
return p;
}
/*
** Calls the 'close' function from a file handle. The 'volatile' avoids
** a bug in some versions of the Clang compiler (e.g., clang 3.0 for
** 32 bits).
*/
static int aux_close (lua_State *L) {
LStream *p = tolstream(L);
volatile lua_CFunction cf = p->closef;
p->closef = NULL; /* mark stream as closed */
return (*cf)(L); /* close it */
}
static int f_close (lua_State *L) {
tofile(L); /* make sure argument is an open stream */
return aux_close(L);
}
static int io_close (lua_State *L) {
if (lua_isnone(L, 1)) /* no argument? */
lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, IO_OUTPUT); /* use default output */
return f_close(L);
}
static int f_gc (lua_State *L) {
LStream *p = tolstream(L);
if (!isclosed(p) && p->f != NULL)
aux_close(L); /* ignore closed and incompletely open files */
return 0;
}
/*
** function to close regular files
*/
static int io_fclose (lua_State *L) {
LStream *p = tolstream(L);
int res = fclose(p->f);
return luaL_fileresult(L, (res == 0), NULL);
}
static LStream *newfile (lua_State *L) {
LStream *p = newprefile(L);
p->f = NULL;
p->closef = &io_fclose;
return p;
}
static void opencheck (lua_State *L, const char *fname, const char *mode) {
LStream *p = newfile(L);
p->f = fopen(fname, mode);
if (l_unlikely(p->f == NULL))
luaL_error(L, "cannot open file '%s' (%s)", fname, strerror(errno));
}
static int io_open (lua_State *L) {
const char *filename = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
const char *mode = luaL_optstring(L, 2, "r");
LStream *p = newfile(L);
const char *md = mode; /* to traverse/check mode */
luaL_argcheck(L, l_checkmode(md), 2, "invalid mode");
p->f = fopen(filename, mode);
return (p->f == NULL) ? luaL_fileresult(L, 0, filename) : 1;
}
/*
** function to close 'popen' files
*/
static int io_pclose (lua_State *L) {
LStream *p = tolstream(L);
errno = 0;
return luaL_execresult(L, l_pclose(L, p->f));
}
static int io_popen (lua_State *L) {
const char *filename = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
const char *mode = luaL_optstring(L, 2, "r");
LStream *p = newprefile(L);
luaL_argcheck(L, l_checkmodep(mode), 2, "invalid mode");
p->f = l_popen(L, filename, mode);
p->closef = &io_pclose;
return (p->f == NULL) ? luaL_fileresult(L, 0, filename) : 1;
}
static int io_tmpfile (lua_State *L) {
LStream *p = newfile(L);
p->f = tmpfile();
return (p->f == NULL) ? luaL_fileresult(L, 0, NULL) : 1;
}
static FILE *getiofile (lua_State *L, const char *findex) {
LStream *p;
lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, findex);
p = (LStream *)lua_touserdata(L, -1);
if (l_unlikely(isclosed(p)))
luaL_error(L, "default %s file is closed", findex + IOPREF_LEN);
return p->f;
}
static int g_iofile (lua_State *L, const char *f, const char *mode) {
if (!lua_isnoneornil(L, 1)) {
const char *filename = lua_tostring(L, 1);
if (filename)
opencheck(L, filename, mode);
else {
tofile(L); /* check that it's a valid file handle */
lua_pushvalue(L, 1);
}
lua_setfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, f);
}
/* return current value */
lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, f);
return 1;
}
static int io_input (lua_State *L) {
return g_iofile(L, IO_INPUT, "r");
}
static int io_output (lua_State *L) {
return g_iofile(L, IO_OUTPUT, "w");
}
static int io_readline (lua_State *L);
/*
** maximum number of arguments to 'f:lines'/'io.lines' (it + 3 must fit
** in the limit for upvalues of a closure)
*/
#define MAXARGLINE 250
/*
** Auxiliary function to create the iteration function for 'lines'.
** The iteration function is a closure over 'io_readline', with
** the following upvalues:
** 1) The file being read (first value in the stack)
** 2) the number of arguments to read
** 3) a boolean, true iff file has to be closed when finished ('toclose')
** *) a variable number of format arguments (rest of the stack)
*/
static void aux_lines (lua_State *L, int toclose) {
int n = lua_gettop(L) - 1; /* number of arguments to read */
luaL_argcheck(L, n <= MAXARGLINE, MAXARGLINE + 2, "too many arguments");
lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* file */
lua_pushinteger(L, n); /* number of arguments to read */
lua_pushboolean(L, toclose); /* close/not close file when finished */
lua_rotate(L, 2, 3); /* move the three values to their positions */
lua_pushcclosure(L, io_readline, 3 + n);
}
static int f_lines (lua_State *L) {
tofile(L); /* check that it's a valid file handle */
aux_lines(L, 0);
return 1;
}
/*
** Return an iteration function for 'io.lines'. If file has to be
** closed, also returns the file itself as a second result (to be
** closed as the state at the exit of a generic for).
*/
static int io_lines (lua_State *L) {
int toclose;
if (lua_isnone(L, 1)) lua_pushnil(L); /* at least one argument */
if (lua_isnil(L, 1)) { /* no file name? */
lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, IO_INPUT); /* get default input */
lua_replace(L, 1); /* put it at index 1 */
tofile(L); /* check that it's a valid file handle */
toclose = 0; /* do not close it after iteration */
}
else { /* open a new file */
const char *filename = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
opencheck(L, filename, "r");
lua_replace(L, 1); /* put file at index 1 */
toclose = 1; /* close it after iteration */
}
aux_lines(L, toclose); /* push iteration function */
if (toclose) {
lua_pushnil(L); /* state */
lua_pushnil(L); /* control */
lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* file is the to-be-closed variable (4th result) */
return 4;
}
else
return 1;
}
/*
** {======================================================
** READ
** =======================================================
*/
/* maximum length of a numeral */
#if !defined (L_MAXLENNUM)
#define L_MAXLENNUM 200
#endif
/* auxiliary structure used by 'read_number' */
typedef struct {
FILE *f; /* file being read */
int c; /* current character (look ahead) */
int n; /* number of elements in buffer 'buff' */
char buff[L_MAXLENNUM + 1]; /* +1 for ending '\0' */
} RN;
/*
** Add current char to buffer (if not out of space) and read next one
*/
static int nextc (RN *rn) {
if (l_unlikely(rn->n >= L_MAXLENNUM)) { /* buffer overflow? */
rn->buff[0] = '\0'; /* invalidate result */
return 0; /* fail */
}
else {
rn->buff[rn->n++] = rn->c; /* save current char */
rn->c = l_getc(rn->f); /* read next one */
return 1;
}
}
/*
** Accept current char if it is in 'set' (of size 2)
*/
static int test2 (RN *rn, const char *set) {
if (rn->c == set[0] || rn->c == set[1])
return nextc(rn);
else return 0;
}
/*
** Read a sequence of (hex)digits
*/
static int readdigits (RN *rn, int hex) {
int count = 0;
while ((hex ? isxdigit(rn->c) : isdigit(rn->c)) && nextc(rn))
count++;
return count;
}
/*
** Read a number: first reads a valid prefix of a numeral into a buffer.
** Then it calls 'lua_stringtonumber' to check whether the format is
** correct and to convert it to a Lua number.
*/
static int read_number (lua_State *L, FILE *f) {
RN rn;
int count = 0;
int hex = 0;
char decp[2];
rn.f = f; rn.n = 0;
decp[0] = lua_getlocaledecpoint(); /* get decimal point from locale */
decp[1] = '.'; /* always accept a dot */
l_lockfile(rn.f);
do { rn.c = l_getc(rn.f); } while (isspace(rn.c)); /* skip spaces */
test2(&rn, "-+"); /* optional sign */
if (test2(&rn, "00")) {
if (test2(&rn, "xX")) hex = 1; /* numeral is hexadecimal */
else count = 1; /* count initial '0' as a valid digit */
}
count += readdigits(&rn, hex); /* integral part */
if (test2(&rn, decp)) /* decimal point? */
count += readdigits(&rn, hex); /* fractional part */
if (count > 0 && test2(&rn, (hex ? "pP" : "eE"))) { /* exponent mark? */
test2(&rn, "-+"); /* exponent sign */
readdigits(&rn, 0); /* exponent digits */
}
ungetc(rn.c, rn.f); /* unread look-ahead char */
l_unlockfile(rn.f);
rn.buff[rn.n] = '\0'; /* finish string */
if (l_likely(lua_stringtonumber(L, rn.buff)))
return 1; /* ok, it is a valid number */
else { /* invalid format */
lua_pushnil(L); /* "result" to be removed */
return 0; /* read fails */
}
}
static int test_eof (lua_State *L, FILE *f) {
int c = getc(f);
ungetc(c, f); /* no-op when c == EOF */
lua_pushliteral(L, "");
return (c != EOF);
}
static int read_line (lua_State *L, FILE *f, int chop) {
luaL_Buffer b;
int c;
luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
do { /* may need to read several chunks to get whole line */
char *buff = luaL_prepbuffer(&b); /* preallocate buffer space */
int i = 0;
l_lockfile(f); /* no memory errors can happen inside the lock */
while (i < LUAL_BUFFERSIZE && (c = l_getc(f)) != EOF && c != '\n')
buff[i++] = c; /* read up to end of line or buffer limit */
l_unlockfile(f);
luaL_addsize(&b, i);
} while (c != EOF && c != '\n'); /* repeat until end of line */
if (!chop && c == '\n') /* want a newline and have one? */
luaL_addchar(&b, c); /* add ending newline to result */
luaL_pushresult(&b); /* close buffer */
/* return ok if read something (either a newline or something else) */
return (c == '\n' || lua_rawlen(L, -1) > 0);
}
static void read_all (lua_State *L, FILE *f) {
size_t nr;
luaL_Buffer b;
luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
do { /* read file in chunks of LUAL_BUFFERSIZE bytes */
char *p = luaL_prepbuffer(&b);
nr = fread(p, sizeof(char), LUAL_BUFFERSIZE, f);
luaL_addsize(&b, nr);
} while (nr == LUAL_BUFFERSIZE);
luaL_pushresult(&b); /* close buffer */
}
static int read_chars (lua_State *L, FILE *f, size_t n) {
size_t nr; /* number of chars actually read */
char *p;
luaL_Buffer b;
luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
p = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, n); /* prepare buffer to read whole block */
nr = fread(p, sizeof(char), n, f); /* try to read 'n' chars */
luaL_addsize(&b, nr);
luaL_pushresult(&b); /* close buffer */
return (nr > 0); /* true iff read something */
}
static int g_read (lua_State *L, FILE *f, int first) {
int nargs = lua_gettop(L) - 1;
int n, success;
clearerr(f);
if (nargs == 0) { /* no arguments? */
success = read_line(L, f, 1);
n = first + 1; /* to return 1 result */
}
else {
/* ensure stack space for all results and for auxlib's buffer */
luaL_checkstack(L, nargs+LUA_MINSTACK, "too many arguments");
success = 1;
for (n = first; nargs-- && success; n++) {
if (lua_type(L, n) == LUA_TNUMBER) {
size_t l = (size_t)luaL_checkinteger(L, n);
success = (l == 0) ? test_eof(L, f) : read_chars(L, f, l);
}
else {
const char *p = luaL_checkstring(L, n);
if (*p == '*') p++; /* skip optional '*' (for compatibility) */
switch (*p) {
case 'n': /* number */
success = read_number(L, f);
break;
case 'l': /* line */
success = read_line(L, f, 1);
break;
case 'L': /* line with end-of-line */
success = read_line(L, f, 0);
break;
case 'a': /* file */
read_all(L, f); /* read entire file */
success = 1; /* always success */
break;
default:
return luaL_argerror(L, n, "invalid format");
}
}
}
}
if (ferror(f))
return luaL_fileresult(L, 0, NULL);
if (!success) {
lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove last result */
luaL_pushfail(L); /* push nil instead */
}
return n - first;
}
static int io_read (lua_State *L) {
return g_read(L, getiofile(L, IO_INPUT), 1);
}
static int f_read (lua_State *L) {
return g_read(L, tofile(L), 2);
}
/*
** Iteration function for 'lines'.
*/
static int io_readline (lua_State *L) {
LStream *p = (LStream *)lua_touserdata(L, lua_upvalueindex(1));
int i;
int n = (int)lua_tointeger(L, lua_upvalueindex(2));
if (isclosed(p)) /* file is already closed? */
return luaL_error(L, "file is already closed");
lua_settop(L , 1);
luaL_checkstack(L, n, "too many arguments");
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) /* push arguments to 'g_read' */
lua_pushvalue(L, lua_upvalueindex(3 + i));
n = g_read(L, p->f, 2); /* 'n' is number of results */
lua_assert(n > 0); /* should return at least a nil */
if (lua_toboolean(L, -n)) /* read at least one value? */
return n; /* return them */
else { /* first result is false: EOF or error */
if (n > 1) { /* is there error information? */
/* 2nd result is error message */
return luaL_error(L, "%s", lua_tostring(L, -n + 1));
}
if (lua_toboolean(L, lua_upvalueindex(3))) { /* generator created file? */
lua_settop(L, 0); /* clear stack */
lua_pushvalue(L, lua_upvalueindex(1)); /* push file at index 1 */
aux_close(L); /* close it */
}
return 0;
}
}
/* }====================================================== */
static int g_write (lua_State *L, FILE *f, int arg) {
int nargs = lua_gettop(L) - arg;
int status = 1;
for (; nargs--; arg++) {
if (lua_type(L, arg) == LUA_TNUMBER) {
/* optimization: could be done exactly as for strings */
int len = lua_isinteger(L, arg)
? fprintf(f, LUA_INTEGER_FMT,
(LUAI_UACINT)lua_tointeger(L, arg))
: fprintf(f, LUA_NUMBER_FMT,
(LUAI_UACNUMBER)lua_tonumber(L, arg));
status = status && (len > 0);
}
else {
size_t l;
const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, arg, &l);
status = status && (fwrite(s, sizeof(char), l, f) == l);
}
}
if (l_likely(status))
return 1; /* file handle already on stack top */
else return luaL_fileresult(L, status, NULL);
}
static int io_write (lua_State *L) {
return g_write(L, getiofile(L, IO_OUTPUT), 1);
}
static int f_write (lua_State *L) {
FILE *f = tofile(L);
lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* push file at the stack top (to be returned) */
return g_write(L, f, 2);
}
static int f_seek (lua_State *L) {
static const int mode[] = {SEEK_SET, SEEK_CUR, SEEK_END};
static const char *const modenames[] = {"set", "cur", "end", NULL};
FILE *f = tofile(L);
int op = luaL_checkoption(L, 2, "cur", modenames);
lua_Integer p3 = luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 0);
l_seeknum offset = (l_seeknum)p3;
luaL_argcheck(L, (lua_Integer)offset == p3, 3,
"not an integer in proper range");
op = l_fseek(f, offset, mode[op]);
if (l_unlikely(op))
return luaL_fileresult(L, 0, NULL); /* error */
else {
lua_pushinteger(L, (lua_Integer)l_ftell(f));
return 1;
}
}
static int f_setvbuf (lua_State *L) {
static const int mode[] = {_IONBF, _IOFBF, _IOLBF};
static const char *const modenames[] = {"no", "full", "line", NULL};
FILE *f = tofile(L);
int op = luaL_checkoption(L, 2, NULL, modenames);
lua_Integer sz = luaL_optinteger(L, 3, LUAL_BUFFERSIZE);
int res = setvbuf(f, NULL, mode[op], (size_t)sz);
return luaL_fileresult(L, res == 0, NULL);
}
static int io_flush (lua_State *L) {
return luaL_fileresult(L, fflush(getiofile(L, IO_OUTPUT)) == 0, NULL);
}
static int f_flush (lua_State *L) {
return luaL_fileresult(L, fflush(tofile(L)) == 0, NULL);
}
/*
** functions for 'io' library
*/
static const luaL_Reg iolib[] = {
{"close", io_close},
{"flush", io_flush},
{"input", io_input},
{"lines", io_lines},
{"open", io_open},
{"output", io_output},
{"popen", io_popen},
{"read", io_read},
{"tmpfile", io_tmpfile},
{"type", io_type},
{"write", io_write},
{NULL, NULL}
};
/*
** methods for file handles
*/
static const luaL_Reg meth[] = {
{"read", f_read},
{"write", f_write},
{"lines", f_lines},
{"flush", f_flush},
{"seek", f_seek},
{"close", f_close},
{"setvbuf", f_setvbuf},
{NULL, NULL}
};
/*
** metamethods for file handles
*/
static const luaL_Reg metameth[] = {
{"__index", NULL}, /* place holder */
{"__gc", f_gc},
{"__close", f_gc},
{"__tostring", f_tostring},
{NULL, NULL}
};
static void createmeta (lua_State *L) {
luaL_newmetatable(L, LUA_FILEHANDLE); /* metatable for file handles */
luaL_setfuncs(L, metameth, 0); /* add metamethods to new metatable */
luaL_newlibtable(L, meth); /* create method table */
luaL_setfuncs(L, meth, 0); /* add file methods to method table */
lua_setfield(L, -2, "__index"); /* metatable.__index = method table */
lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop metatable */
}
/*
** function to (not) close the standard files stdin, stdout, and stderr
*/
static int io_noclose (lua_State *L) {
LStream *p = tolstream(L);
p->closef = &io_noclose; /* keep file opened */
luaL_pushfail(L);
lua_pushliteral(L, "cannot close standard file");
return 2;
}
static void createstdfile (lua_State *L, FILE *f, const char *k,
const char *fname) {
LStream *p = newprefile(L);
p->f = f;
p->closef = &io_noclose;
if (k != NULL) {
lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
lua_setfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, k); /* add file to registry */
}
lua_setfield(L, -2, fname); /* add file to module */
}
LUAMOD_API int luaopen_io (lua_State *L) {
luaL_newlib(L, iolib); /* new module */
createmeta(L);
/* create (and set) default files */
createstdfile(L, stdin, IO_INPUT, "stdin");
createstdfile(L, stdout, IO_OUTPUT, "stdout");
createstdfile(L, stderr, NULL, "stderr");
return 1;
}

112
06/lua-5.4.6/src/ljumptab.h Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
/*
** $Id: ljumptab.h $
** Jump Table for the Lua interpreter
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#undef vmdispatch
#undef vmcase
#undef vmbreak
#define vmdispatch(x) goto *disptab[x];
#define vmcase(l) L_##l:
#define vmbreak vmfetch(); vmdispatch(GET_OPCODE(i));
static const void *const disptab[NUM_OPCODES] = {
#if 0
** you can update the following list with this command:
**
** sed -n '/^OP_/\!d; s/OP_/\&\&L_OP_/ ; s/,.*/,/ ; s/\/.*// ; p' lopcodes.h
**
#endif
&&L_OP_MOVE,
&&L_OP_LOADI,
&&L_OP_LOADF,
&&L_OP_LOADK,
&&L_OP_LOADKX,
&&L_OP_LOADFALSE,
&&L_OP_LFALSESKIP,
&&L_OP_LOADTRUE,
&&L_OP_LOADNIL,
&&L_OP_GETUPVAL,
&&L_OP_SETUPVAL,
&&L_OP_GETTABUP,
&&L_OP_GETTABLE,
&&L_OP_GETI,
&&L_OP_GETFIELD,
&&L_OP_SETTABUP,
&&L_OP_SETTABLE,
&&L_OP_SETI,
&&L_OP_SETFIELD,
&&L_OP_NEWTABLE,
&&L_OP_SELF,
&&L_OP_ADDI,
&&L_OP_ADDK,
&&L_OP_SUBK,
&&L_OP_MULK,
&&L_OP_MODK,
&&L_OP_POWK,
&&L_OP_DIVK,
&&L_OP_IDIVK,
&&L_OP_BANDK,
&&L_OP_BORK,
&&L_OP_BXORK,
&&L_OP_SHRI,
&&L_OP_SHLI,
&&L_OP_ADD,
&&L_OP_SUB,
&&L_OP_MUL,
&&L_OP_MOD,
&&L_OP_POW,
&&L_OP_DIV,
&&L_OP_IDIV,
&&L_OP_BAND,
&&L_OP_BOR,
&&L_OP_BXOR,
&&L_OP_SHL,
&&L_OP_SHR,
&&L_OP_MMBIN,
&&L_OP_MMBINI,
&&L_OP_MMBINK,
&&L_OP_UNM,
&&L_OP_BNOT,
&&L_OP_NOT,
&&L_OP_LEN,
&&L_OP_CONCAT,
&&L_OP_CLOSE,
&&L_OP_TBC,
&&L_OP_JMP,
&&L_OP_EQ,
&&L_OP_LT,
&&L_OP_LE,
&&L_OP_EQK,
&&L_OP_EQI,
&&L_OP_LTI,
&&L_OP_LEI,
&&L_OP_GTI,
&&L_OP_GEI,
&&L_OP_TEST,
&&L_OP_TESTSET,
&&L_OP_CALL,
&&L_OP_TAILCALL,
&&L_OP_RETURN,
&&L_OP_RETURN0,
&&L_OP_RETURN1,
&&L_OP_FORLOOP,
&&L_OP_FORPREP,
&&L_OP_TFORPREP,
&&L_OP_TFORCALL,
&&L_OP_TFORLOOP,
&&L_OP_SETLIST,
&&L_OP_CLOSURE,
&&L_OP_VARARG,
&&L_OP_VARARGPREP,
&&L_OP_EXTRAARG
};

581
06/lua-5.4.6/src/llex.c Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,581 @@
/*
** $Id: llex.c $
** Lexical Analyzer
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#define llex_c
#define LUA_CORE
#include "lprefix.h"
#include <locale.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "lua.h"
#include "lctype.h"
#include "ldebug.h"
#include "ldo.h"
#include "lgc.h"
#include "llex.h"
#include "lobject.h"
#include "lparser.h"
#include "lstate.h"
#include "lstring.h"
#include "ltable.h"
#include "lzio.h"
#define next(ls) (ls->current = zgetc(ls->z))
#define currIsNewline(ls) (ls->current == '\n' || ls->current == '\r')
/* ORDER RESERVED */
static const char *const luaX_tokens [] = {
"and", "break", "do", "else", "elseif",
"end", "false", "for", "function", "goto", "if",
"in", "local", "nil", "not", "or", "repeat",
"return", "then", "true", "until", "while",
"//", "..", "...", "==", ">=", "<=", "~=",
"<<", ">>", "::", "<eof>",
"<number>", "<integer>", "<name>", "<string>"
};
#define save_and_next(ls) (save(ls, ls->current), next(ls))
static l_noret lexerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg, int token);
static void save (LexState *ls, int c) {
Mbuffer *b = ls->buff;
if (luaZ_bufflen(b) + 1 > luaZ_sizebuffer(b)) {
size_t newsize;
if (luaZ_sizebuffer(b) >= MAX_SIZE/2)
lexerror(ls, "lexical element too long", 0);
newsize = luaZ_sizebuffer(b) * 2;
luaZ_resizebuffer(ls->L, b, newsize);
}
b->buffer[luaZ_bufflen(b)++] = cast_char(c);
}
void luaX_init (lua_State *L) {
int i;
TString *e = luaS_newliteral(L, LUA_ENV); /* create env name */
luaC_fix(L, obj2gco(e)); /* never collect this name */
for (i=0; i<NUM_RESERVED; i++) {
TString *ts = luaS_new(L, luaX_tokens[i]);
luaC_fix(L, obj2gco(ts)); /* reserved words are never collected */
ts->extra = cast_byte(i+1); /* reserved word */
}
}
const char *luaX_token2str (LexState *ls, int token) {
if (token < FIRST_RESERVED) { /* single-byte symbols? */
if (lisprint(token))
return luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "'%c'", token);
else /* control character */
return luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "'<\\%d>'", token);
}
else {
const char *s = luaX_tokens[token - FIRST_RESERVED];
if (token < TK_EOS) /* fixed format (symbols and reserved words)? */
return luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "'%s'", s);
else /* names, strings, and numerals */
return s;
}
}
static const char *txtToken (LexState *ls, int token) {
switch (token) {
case TK_NAME: case TK_STRING:
case TK_FLT: case TK_INT:
save(ls, '\0');
return luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "'%s'", luaZ_buffer(ls->buff));
default:
return luaX_token2str(ls, token);
}
}
static l_noret lexerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg, int token) {
msg = luaG_addinfo(ls->L, msg, ls->source, ls->linenumber);
if (token)
luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "%s near %s", msg, txtToken(ls, token));
luaD_throw(ls->L, LUA_ERRSYNTAX);
}
l_noret luaX_syntaxerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg) {
lexerror(ls, msg, ls->t.token);
}
/*
** Creates a new string and anchors it in scanner's table so that it
** will not be collected until the end of the compilation; by that time
** it should be anchored somewhere. It also internalizes long strings,
** ensuring there is only one copy of each unique string. The table
** here is used as a set: the string enters as the key, while its value
** is irrelevant. We use the string itself as the value only because it
** is a TValue readily available. Later, the code generation can change
** this value.
*/
TString *luaX_newstring (LexState *ls, const char *str, size_t l) {
lua_State *L = ls->L;
TString *ts = luaS_newlstr(L, str, l); /* create new string */
const TValue *o = luaH_getstr(ls->h, ts);
if (!ttisnil(o)) /* string already present? */
ts = keystrval(nodefromval(o)); /* get saved copy */
else { /* not in use yet */
TValue *stv = s2v(L->top.p++); /* reserve stack space for string */
setsvalue(L, stv, ts); /* temporarily anchor the string */
luaH_finishset(L, ls->h, stv, o, stv); /* t[string] = string */
/* table is not a metatable, so it does not need to invalidate cache */
luaC_checkGC(L);
L->top.p--; /* remove string from stack */
}
return ts;
}
/*
** increment line number and skips newline sequence (any of
** \n, \r, \n\r, or \r\n)
*/
static void inclinenumber (LexState *ls) {
int old = ls->current;
lua_assert(currIsNewline(ls));
next(ls); /* skip '\n' or '\r' */
if (currIsNewline(ls) && ls->current != old)
next(ls); /* skip '\n\r' or '\r\n' */
if (++ls->linenumber >= MAX_INT)
lexerror(ls, "chunk has too many lines", 0);
}
void luaX_setinput (lua_State *L, LexState *ls, ZIO *z, TString *source,
int firstchar) {
ls->t.token = 0;
ls->L = L;
ls->current = firstchar;
ls->lookahead.token = TK_EOS; /* no look-ahead token */
ls->z = z;
ls->fs = NULL;
ls->linenumber = 1;
ls->lastline = 1;
ls->source = source;
ls->envn = luaS_newliteral(L, LUA_ENV); /* get env name */
luaZ_resizebuffer(ls->L, ls->buff, LUA_MINBUFFER); /* initialize buffer */
}
/*
** =======================================================
** LEXICAL ANALYZER
** =======================================================
*/
static int check_next1 (LexState *ls, int c) {
if (ls->current == c) {
next(ls);
return 1;
}
else return 0;
}
/*
** Check whether current char is in set 'set' (with two chars) and
** saves it
*/
static int check_next2 (LexState *ls, const char *set) {
lua_assert(set[2] == '\0');
if (ls->current == set[0] || ls->current == set[1]) {
save_and_next(ls);
return 1;
}
else return 0;
}
/* LUA_NUMBER */
/*
** This function is quite liberal in what it accepts, as 'luaO_str2num'
** will reject ill-formed numerals. Roughly, it accepts the following
** pattern:
**
** %d(%x|%.|([Ee][+-]?))* | 0[Xx](%x|%.|([Pp][+-]?))*
**
** The only tricky part is to accept [+-] only after a valid exponent
** mark, to avoid reading '3-4' or '0xe+1' as a single number.
**
** The caller might have already read an initial dot.
*/
static int read_numeral (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo) {
TValue obj;
const char *expo = "Ee";
int first = ls->current;
lua_assert(lisdigit(ls->current));
save_and_next(ls);
if (first == '0' && check_next2(ls, "xX")) /* hexadecimal? */
expo = "Pp";
for (;;) {
if (check_next2(ls, expo)) /* exponent mark? */
check_next2(ls, "-+"); /* optional exponent sign */
else if (lisxdigit(ls->current) || ls->current == '.') /* '%x|%.' */
save_and_next(ls);
else break;
}
if (lislalpha(ls->current)) /* is numeral touching a letter? */
save_and_next(ls); /* force an error */
save(ls, '\0');
if (luaO_str2num(luaZ_buffer(ls->buff), &obj) == 0) /* format error? */
lexerror(ls, "malformed number", TK_FLT);
if (ttisinteger(&obj)) {
seminfo->i = ivalue(&obj);
return TK_INT;
}
else {
lua_assert(ttisfloat(&obj));
seminfo->r = fltvalue(&obj);
return TK_FLT;
}
}
/*
** read a sequence '[=*[' or ']=*]', leaving the last bracket. If
** sequence is well formed, return its number of '='s + 2; otherwise,
** return 1 if it is a single bracket (no '='s and no 2nd bracket);
** otherwise (an unfinished '[==...') return 0.
*/
static size_t skip_sep (LexState *ls) {
size_t count = 0;
int s = ls->current;
lua_assert(s == '[' || s == ']');
save_and_next(ls);
while (ls->current == '=') {
save_and_next(ls);
count++;
}
return (ls->current == s) ? count + 2
: (count == 0) ? 1
: 0;
}
static void read_long_string (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo, size_t sep) {
int line = ls->linenumber; /* initial line (for error message) */
save_and_next(ls); /* skip 2nd '[' */
if (currIsNewline(ls)) /* string starts with a newline? */
inclinenumber(ls); /* skip it */
for (;;) {
switch (ls->current) {
case EOZ: { /* error */
const char *what = (seminfo ? "string" : "comment");
const char *msg = luaO_pushfstring(ls->L,
"unfinished long %s (starting at line %d)", what, line);
lexerror(ls, msg, TK_EOS);
break; /* to avoid warnings */
}
case ']': {
if (skip_sep(ls) == sep) {
save_and_next(ls); /* skip 2nd ']' */
goto endloop;
}
break;
}
case '\n': case '\r': {
save(ls, '\n');
inclinenumber(ls);
if (!seminfo) luaZ_resetbuffer(ls->buff); /* avoid wasting space */
break;
}
default: {
if (seminfo) save_and_next(ls);
else next(ls);
}
}
} endloop:
if (seminfo)
seminfo->ts = luaX_newstring(ls, luaZ_buffer(ls->buff) + sep,
luaZ_bufflen(ls->buff) - 2 * sep);
}
static void esccheck (LexState *ls, int c, const char *msg) {
if (!c) {
if (ls->current != EOZ)
save_and_next(ls); /* add current to buffer for error message */
lexerror(ls, msg, TK_STRING);
}
}
static int gethexa (LexState *ls) {
save_and_next(ls);
esccheck (ls, lisxdigit(ls->current), "hexadecimal digit expected");
return luaO_hexavalue(ls->current);
}
static int readhexaesc (LexState *ls) {
int r = gethexa(ls);
r = (r << 4) + gethexa(ls);
luaZ_buffremove(ls->buff, 2); /* remove saved chars from buffer */
return r;
}
static unsigned long readutf8esc (LexState *ls) {
unsigned long r;
int i = 4; /* chars to be removed: '\', 'u', '{', and first digit */
save_and_next(ls); /* skip 'u' */
esccheck(ls, ls->current == '{', "missing '{'");
r = gethexa(ls); /* must have at least one digit */
while (cast_void(save_and_next(ls)), lisxdigit(ls->current)) {
i++;
esccheck(ls, r <= (0x7FFFFFFFu >> 4), "UTF-8 value too large");
r = (r << 4) + luaO_hexavalue(ls->current);
}
esccheck(ls, ls->current == '}', "missing '}'");
next(ls); /* skip '}' */
luaZ_buffremove(ls->buff, i); /* remove saved chars from buffer */
return r;
}
static void utf8esc (LexState *ls) {
char buff[UTF8BUFFSZ];
int n = luaO_utf8esc(buff, readutf8esc(ls));
for (; n > 0; n--) /* add 'buff' to string */
save(ls, buff[UTF8BUFFSZ - n]);
}
static int readdecesc (LexState *ls) {
int i;
int r = 0; /* result accumulator */
for (i = 0; i < 3 && lisdigit(ls->current); i++) { /* read up to 3 digits */
r = 10*r + ls->current - '0';
save_and_next(ls);
}
esccheck(ls, r <= UCHAR_MAX, "decimal escape too large");
luaZ_buffremove(ls->buff, i); /* remove read digits from buffer */
return r;
}
static void read_string (LexState *ls, int del, SemInfo *seminfo) {
save_and_next(ls); /* keep delimiter (for error messages) */
while (ls->current != del) {
switch (ls->current) {
case EOZ:
lexerror(ls, "unfinished string", TK_EOS);
break; /* to avoid warnings */
case '\n':
case '\r':
lexerror(ls, "unfinished string", TK_STRING);
break; /* to avoid warnings */
case '\\': { /* escape sequences */
int c; /* final character to be saved */
save_and_next(ls); /* keep '\\' for error messages */
switch (ls->current) {
case 'a': c = '\a'; goto read_save;
case 'b': c = '\b'; goto read_save;
case 'f': c = '\f'; goto read_save;
case 'n': c = '\n'; goto read_save;
case 'r': c = '\r'; goto read_save;
case 't': c = '\t'; goto read_save;
case 'v': c = '\v'; goto read_save;
case 'x': c = readhexaesc(ls); goto read_save;
case 'u': utf8esc(ls); goto no_save;
case '\n': case '\r':
inclinenumber(ls); c = '\n'; goto only_save;
case '\\': case '\"': case '\'':
c = ls->current; goto read_save;
case EOZ: goto no_save; /* will raise an error next loop */
case 'z': { /* zap following span of spaces */
luaZ_buffremove(ls->buff, 1); /* remove '\\' */
next(ls); /* skip the 'z' */
while (lisspace(ls->current)) {
if (currIsNewline(ls)) inclinenumber(ls);
else next(ls);
}
goto no_save;
}
default: {
esccheck(ls, lisdigit(ls->current), "invalid escape sequence");
c = readdecesc(ls); /* digital escape '\ddd' */
goto only_save;
}
}
read_save:
next(ls);
/* go through */
only_save:
luaZ_buffremove(ls->buff, 1); /* remove '\\' */
save(ls, c);
/* go through */
no_save: break;
}
default:
save_and_next(ls);
}
}
save_and_next(ls); /* skip delimiter */
seminfo->ts = luaX_newstring(ls, luaZ_buffer(ls->buff) + 1,
luaZ_bufflen(ls->buff) - 2);
}
static int llex (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo) {
luaZ_resetbuffer(ls->buff);
for (;;) {
switch (ls->current) {
case '\n': case '\r': { /* line breaks */
inclinenumber(ls);
break;
}
case ' ': case '\f': case '\t': case '\v': { /* spaces */
next(ls);
break;
}
case '-': { /* '-' or '--' (comment) */
next(ls);
if (ls->current != '-') return '-';
/* else is a comment */
next(ls);
if (ls->current == '[') { /* long comment? */
size_t sep = skip_sep(ls);
luaZ_resetbuffer(ls->buff); /* 'skip_sep' may dirty the buffer */
if (sep >= 2) {
read_long_string(ls, NULL, sep); /* skip long comment */
luaZ_resetbuffer(ls->buff); /* previous call may dirty the buff. */
break;
}
}
/* else short comment */
while (!currIsNewline(ls) && ls->current != EOZ)
next(ls); /* skip until end of line (or end of file) */
break;
}
case '[': { /* long string or simply '[' */
size_t sep = skip_sep(ls);
if (sep >= 2) {
read_long_string(ls, seminfo, sep);
return TK_STRING;
}
else if (sep == 0) /* '[=...' missing second bracket? */
lexerror(ls, "invalid long string delimiter", TK_STRING);
return '[';
}
case '=': {
next(ls);
if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_EQ; /* '==' */
else return '=';
}
case '<': {
next(ls);
if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_LE; /* '<=' */
else if (check_next1(ls, '<')) return TK_SHL; /* '<<' */
else return '<';
}
case '>': {
next(ls);
if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_GE; /* '>=' */
else if (check_next1(ls, '>')) return TK_SHR; /* '>>' */
else return '>';
}
case '/': {
next(ls);
if (check_next1(ls, '/')) return TK_IDIV; /* '//' */
else return '/';
}
case '~': {
next(ls);
if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_NE; /* '~=' */
else return '~';
}
case ':': {
next(ls);
if (check_next1(ls, ':')) return TK_DBCOLON; /* '::' */
else return ':';
}
case '"': case '\'': { /* short literal strings */
read_string(ls, ls->current, seminfo);
return TK_STRING;
}
case '.': { /* '.', '..', '...', or number */
save_and_next(ls);
if (check_next1(ls, '.')) {
if (check_next1(ls, '.'))
return TK_DOTS; /* '...' */
else return TK_CONCAT; /* '..' */
}
else if (!lisdigit(ls->current)) return '.';
else return read_numeral(ls, seminfo);
}
case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': {
return read_numeral(ls, seminfo);
}
case EOZ: {
return TK_EOS;
}
default: {
if (lislalpha(ls->current)) { /* identifier or reserved word? */
TString *ts;
do {
save_and_next(ls);
} while (lislalnum(ls->current));
ts = luaX_newstring(ls, luaZ_buffer(ls->buff),
luaZ_bufflen(ls->buff));
seminfo->ts = ts;
if (isreserved(ts)) /* reserved word? */
return ts->extra - 1 + FIRST_RESERVED;
else {
return TK_NAME;
}
}
else { /* single-char tokens ('+', '*', '%', '{', '}', ...) */
int c = ls->current;
next(ls);
return c;
}
}
}
}
}
void luaX_next (LexState *ls) {
ls->lastline = ls->linenumber;
if (ls->lookahead.token != TK_EOS) { /* is there a look-ahead token? */
ls->t = ls->lookahead; /* use this one */
ls->lookahead.token = TK_EOS; /* and discharge it */
}
else
ls->t.token = llex(ls, &ls->t.seminfo); /* read next token */
}
int luaX_lookahead (LexState *ls) {
lua_assert(ls->lookahead.token == TK_EOS);
ls->lookahead.token = llex(ls, &ls->lookahead.seminfo);
return ls->lookahead.token;
}

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/*
** $Id: llex.h $
** Lexical Analyzer
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#ifndef llex_h
#define llex_h
#include <limits.h>
#include "lobject.h"
#include "lzio.h"
/*
** Single-char tokens (terminal symbols) are represented by their own
** numeric code. Other tokens start at the following value.
*/
#define FIRST_RESERVED (UCHAR_MAX + 1)
#if !defined(LUA_ENV)
#define LUA_ENV "_ENV"
#endif
/*
* WARNING: if you change the order of this enumeration,
* grep "ORDER RESERVED"
*/
enum RESERVED {
/* terminal symbols denoted by reserved words */
TK_AND = FIRST_RESERVED, TK_BREAK,
TK_DO, TK_ELSE, TK_ELSEIF, TK_END, TK_FALSE, TK_FOR, TK_FUNCTION,
TK_GOTO, TK_IF, TK_IN, TK_LOCAL, TK_NIL, TK_NOT, TK_OR, TK_REPEAT,
TK_RETURN, TK_THEN, TK_TRUE, TK_UNTIL, TK_WHILE,
/* other terminal symbols */
TK_IDIV, TK_CONCAT, TK_DOTS, TK_EQ, TK_GE, TK_LE, TK_NE,
TK_SHL, TK_SHR,
TK_DBCOLON, TK_EOS,
TK_FLT, TK_INT, TK_NAME, TK_STRING
};
/* number of reserved words */
#define NUM_RESERVED (cast_int(TK_WHILE-FIRST_RESERVED + 1))
typedef union {
lua_Number r;
lua_Integer i;
TString *ts;
} SemInfo; /* semantics information */
typedef struct Token {
int token;
SemInfo seminfo;
} Token;
/* state of the lexer plus state of the parser when shared by all
functions */
typedef struct LexState {
int current; /* current character (charint) */
int linenumber; /* input line counter */
int lastline; /* line of last token 'consumed' */
Token t; /* current token */
Token lookahead; /* look ahead token */
struct FuncState *fs; /* current function (parser) */
struct lua_State *L;
ZIO *z; /* input stream */
Mbuffer *buff; /* buffer for tokens */
Table *h; /* to avoid collection/reuse strings */
struct Dyndata *dyd; /* dynamic structures used by the parser */
TString *source; /* current source name */
TString *envn; /* environment variable name */
} LexState;
LUAI_FUNC void luaX_init (lua_State *L);
LUAI_FUNC void luaX_setinput (lua_State *L, LexState *ls, ZIO *z,
TString *source, int firstchar);
LUAI_FUNC TString *luaX_newstring (LexState *ls, const char *str, size_t l);
LUAI_FUNC void luaX_next (LexState *ls);
LUAI_FUNC int luaX_lookahead (LexState *ls);
LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaX_syntaxerror (LexState *ls, const char *s);
LUAI_FUNC const char *luaX_token2str (LexState *ls, int token);
#endif

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/*
** $Id: llimits.h $
** Limits, basic types, and some other 'installation-dependent' definitions
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#ifndef llimits_h
#define llimits_h
#include <limits.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include "lua.h"
/*
** 'lu_mem' and 'l_mem' are unsigned/signed integers big enough to count
** the total memory used by Lua (in bytes). Usually, 'size_t' and
** 'ptrdiff_t' should work, but we use 'long' for 16-bit machines.
*/
#if defined(LUAI_MEM) /* { external definitions? */
typedef LUAI_UMEM lu_mem;
typedef LUAI_MEM l_mem;
#elif LUAI_IS32INT /* }{ */
typedef size_t lu_mem;
typedef ptrdiff_t l_mem;
#else /* 16-bit ints */ /* }{ */
typedef unsigned long lu_mem;
typedef long l_mem;
#endif /* } */
/* chars used as small naturals (so that 'char' is reserved for characters) */
typedef unsigned char lu_byte;
typedef signed char ls_byte;
/* maximum value for size_t */
#define MAX_SIZET ((size_t)(~(size_t)0))
/* maximum size visible for Lua (must be representable in a lua_Integer) */
#define MAX_SIZE (sizeof(size_t) < sizeof(lua_Integer) ? MAX_SIZET \
: (size_t)(LUA_MAXINTEGER))
#define MAX_LUMEM ((lu_mem)(~(lu_mem)0))
#define MAX_LMEM ((l_mem)(MAX_LUMEM >> 1))
#define MAX_INT INT_MAX /* maximum value of an int */
/*
** floor of the log2 of the maximum signed value for integral type 't'.
** (That is, maximum 'n' such that '2^n' fits in the given signed type.)
*/
#define log2maxs(t) (sizeof(t) * 8 - 2)
/*
** test whether an unsigned value is a power of 2 (or zero)
*/
#define ispow2(x) (((x) & ((x) - 1)) == 0)
/* number of chars of a literal string without the ending \0 */
#define LL(x) (sizeof(x)/sizeof(char) - 1)
/*
** conversion of pointer to unsigned integer: this is for hashing only;
** there is no problem if the integer cannot hold the whole pointer
** value. (In strict ISO C this may cause undefined behavior, but no
** actual machine seems to bother.)
*/
#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89) && defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && \
__STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L
#include <stdint.h>
#if defined(UINTPTR_MAX) /* even in C99 this type is optional */
#define L_P2I uintptr_t
#else /* no 'intptr'? */
#define L_P2I uintmax_t /* use the largest available integer */
#endif
#else /* C89 option */
#define L_P2I size_t
#endif
#define point2uint(p) ((unsigned int)((L_P2I)(p) & UINT_MAX))
/* types of 'usual argument conversions' for lua_Number and lua_Integer */
typedef LUAI_UACNUMBER l_uacNumber;
typedef LUAI_UACINT l_uacInt;
/*
** Internal assertions for in-house debugging
*/
#if defined LUAI_ASSERT
#undef NDEBUG
#include <assert.h>
#define lua_assert(c) assert(c)
#endif
#if defined(lua_assert)
#define check_exp(c,e) (lua_assert(c), (e))
/* to avoid problems with conditions too long */
#define lua_longassert(c) ((c) ? (void)0 : lua_assert(0))
#else
#define lua_assert(c) ((void)0)
#define check_exp(c,e) (e)
#define lua_longassert(c) ((void)0)
#endif
/*
** assertion for checking API calls
*/
#if !defined(luai_apicheck)
#define luai_apicheck(l,e) ((void)l, lua_assert(e))
#endif
#define api_check(l,e,msg) luai_apicheck(l,(e) && msg)
/* macro to avoid warnings about unused variables */
#if !defined(UNUSED)
#define UNUSED(x) ((void)(x))
#endif
/* type casts (a macro highlights casts in the code) */
#define cast(t, exp) ((t)(exp))
#define cast_void(i) cast(void, (i))
#define cast_voidp(i) cast(void *, (i))
#define cast_num(i) cast(lua_Number, (i))
#define cast_int(i) cast(int, (i))
#define cast_uint(i) cast(unsigned int, (i))
#define cast_byte(i) cast(lu_byte, (i))
#define cast_uchar(i) cast(unsigned char, (i))
#define cast_char(i) cast(char, (i))
#define cast_charp(i) cast(char *, (i))
#define cast_sizet(i) cast(size_t, (i))
/* cast a signed lua_Integer to lua_Unsigned */
#if !defined(l_castS2U)
#define l_castS2U(i) ((lua_Unsigned)(i))
#endif
/*
** cast a lua_Unsigned to a signed lua_Integer; this cast is
** not strict ISO C, but two-complement architectures should
** work fine.
*/
#if !defined(l_castU2S)
#define l_castU2S(i) ((lua_Integer)(i))
#endif
/*
** non-return type
*/
#if !defined(l_noret)
#if defined(__GNUC__)
#define l_noret void __attribute__((noreturn))
#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1200
#define l_noret void __declspec(noreturn)
#else
#define l_noret void
#endif
#endif
/*
** Inline functions
*/
#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89)
#define l_inline inline
#elif defined(__GNUC__)
#define l_inline __inline__
#else
#define l_inline /* empty */
#endif
#define l_sinline static l_inline
/*
** type for virtual-machine instructions;
** must be an unsigned with (at least) 4 bytes (see details in lopcodes.h)
*/
#if LUAI_IS32INT
typedef unsigned int l_uint32;
#else
typedef unsigned long l_uint32;
#endif
typedef l_uint32 Instruction;
/*
** Maximum length for short strings, that is, strings that are
** internalized. (Cannot be smaller than reserved words or tags for
** metamethods, as these strings must be internalized;
** #("function") = 8, #("__newindex") = 10.)
*/
#if !defined(LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN)
#define LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN 40
#endif
/*
** Initial size for the string table (must be power of 2).
** The Lua core alone registers ~50 strings (reserved words +
** metaevent keys + a few others). Libraries would typically add
** a few dozens more.
*/
#if !defined(MINSTRTABSIZE)
#define MINSTRTABSIZE 128
#endif
/*
** Size of cache for strings in the API. 'N' is the number of
** sets (better be a prime) and "M" is the size of each set (M == 1
** makes a direct cache.)
*/
#if !defined(STRCACHE_N)
#define STRCACHE_N 53
#define STRCACHE_M 2
#endif
/* minimum size for string buffer */
#if !defined(LUA_MINBUFFER)
#define LUA_MINBUFFER 32
#endif
/*
** Maximum depth for nested C calls, syntactical nested non-terminals,
** and other features implemented through recursion in C. (Value must
** fit in a 16-bit unsigned integer. It must also be compatible with
** the size of the C stack.)
*/
#if !defined(LUAI_MAXCCALLS)
#define LUAI_MAXCCALLS 200
#endif
/*
** macros that are executed whenever program enters the Lua core
** ('lua_lock') and leaves the core ('lua_unlock')
*/
#if !defined(lua_lock)
#define lua_lock(L) ((void) 0)
#define lua_unlock(L) ((void) 0)
#endif
/*
** macro executed during Lua functions at points where the
** function can yield.
*/
#if !defined(luai_threadyield)
#define luai_threadyield(L) {lua_unlock(L); lua_lock(L);}
#endif
/*
** these macros allow user-specific actions when a thread is
** created/deleted/resumed/yielded.
*/
#if !defined(luai_userstateopen)
#define luai_userstateopen(L) ((void)L)
#endif
#if !defined(luai_userstateclose)
#define luai_userstateclose(L) ((void)L)
#endif
#if !defined(luai_userstatethread)
#define luai_userstatethread(L,L1) ((void)L)
#endif
#if !defined(luai_userstatefree)
#define luai_userstatefree(L,L1) ((void)L)
#endif
#if !defined(luai_userstateresume)
#define luai_userstateresume(L,n) ((void)L)
#endif
#if !defined(luai_userstateyield)
#define luai_userstateyield(L,n) ((void)L)
#endif
/*
** The luai_num* macros define the primitive operations over numbers.
*/
/* floor division (defined as 'floor(a/b)') */
#if !defined(luai_numidiv)
#define luai_numidiv(L,a,b) ((void)L, l_floor(luai_numdiv(L,a,b)))
#endif
/* float division */
#if !defined(luai_numdiv)
#define luai_numdiv(L,a,b) ((a)/(b))
#endif
/*
** modulo: defined as 'a - floor(a/b)*b'; the direct computation
** using this definition has several problems with rounding errors,
** so it is better to use 'fmod'. 'fmod' gives the result of
** 'a - trunc(a/b)*b', and therefore must be corrected when
** 'trunc(a/b) ~= floor(a/b)'. That happens when the division has a
** non-integer negative result: non-integer result is equivalent to
** a non-zero remainder 'm'; negative result is equivalent to 'a' and
** 'b' with different signs, or 'm' and 'b' with different signs
** (as the result 'm' of 'fmod' has the same sign of 'a').
*/
#if !defined(luai_nummod)
#define luai_nummod(L,a,b,m) \
{ (void)L; (m) = l_mathop(fmod)(a,b); \
if (((m) > 0) ? (b) < 0 : ((m) < 0 && (b) > 0)) (m) += (b); }
#endif
/* exponentiation */
#if !defined(luai_numpow)
#define luai_numpow(L,a,b) \
((void)L, (b == 2) ? (a)*(a) : l_mathop(pow)(a,b))
#endif
/* the others are quite standard operations */
#if !defined(luai_numadd)
#define luai_numadd(L,a,b) ((a)+(b))
#define luai_numsub(L,a,b) ((a)-(b))
#define luai_nummul(L,a,b) ((a)*(b))
#define luai_numunm(L,a) (-(a))
#define luai_numeq(a,b) ((a)==(b))
#define luai_numlt(a,b) ((a)<(b))
#define luai_numle(a,b) ((a)<=(b))
#define luai_numgt(a,b) ((a)>(b))
#define luai_numge(a,b) ((a)>=(b))
#define luai_numisnan(a) (!luai_numeq((a), (a)))
#endif
/*
** macro to control inclusion of some hard tests on stack reallocation
*/
#if !defined(HARDSTACKTESTS)
#define condmovestack(L,pre,pos) ((void)0)
#else
/* realloc stack keeping its size */
#define condmovestack(L,pre,pos) \
{ int sz_ = stacksize(L); pre; luaD_reallocstack((L), sz_, 0); pos; }
#endif
#if !defined(HARDMEMTESTS)
#define condchangemem(L,pre,pos) ((void)0)
#else
#define condchangemem(L,pre,pos) \
{ if (gcrunning(G(L))) { pre; luaC_fullgc(L, 0); pos; } }
#endif
#endif

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/*
** $Id: lmathlib.c $
** Standard mathematical library
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#define lmathlib_c
#define LUA_LIB
#include "lprefix.h"
#include <float.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include "lua.h"
#include "lauxlib.h"
#include "lualib.h"
#undef PI
#define PI (l_mathop(3.141592653589793238462643383279502884))
static int math_abs (lua_State *L) {
if (lua_isinteger(L, 1)) {
lua_Integer n = lua_tointeger(L, 1);
if (n < 0) n = (lua_Integer)(0u - (lua_Unsigned)n);
lua_pushinteger(L, n);
}
else
lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(fabs)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
return 1;
}
static int math_sin (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(sin)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
return 1;
}
static int math_cos (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(cos)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
return 1;
}
static int math_tan (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(tan)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
return 1;
}
static int math_asin (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(asin)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
return 1;
}
static int math_acos (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(acos)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
return 1;
}
static int math_atan (lua_State *L) {
lua_Number y = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
lua_Number x = luaL_optnumber(L, 2, 1);
lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(atan2)(y, x));
return 1;
}
static int math_toint (lua_State *L) {
int valid;
lua_Integer n = lua_tointegerx(L, 1, &valid);
if (l_likely(valid))
lua_pushinteger(L, n);
else {
luaL_checkany(L, 1);
luaL_pushfail(L); /* value is not convertible to integer */
}
return 1;
}
static void pushnumint (lua_State *L, lua_Number d) {
lua_Integer n;
if (lua_numbertointeger(d, &n)) /* does 'd' fit in an integer? */
lua_pushinteger(L, n); /* result is integer */
else
lua_pushnumber(L, d); /* result is float */
}
static int math_floor (lua_State *L) {
if (lua_isinteger(L, 1))
lua_settop(L, 1); /* integer is its own floor */
else {
lua_Number d = l_mathop(floor)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1));
pushnumint(L, d);
}
return 1;
}
static int math_ceil (lua_State *L) {
if (lua_isinteger(L, 1))
lua_settop(L, 1); /* integer is its own ceil */
else {
lua_Number d = l_mathop(ceil)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1));
pushnumint(L, d);
}
return 1;
}
static int math_fmod (lua_State *L) {
if (lua_isinteger(L, 1) && lua_isinteger(L, 2)) {
lua_Integer d = lua_tointeger(L, 2);
if ((lua_Unsigned)d + 1u <= 1u) { /* special cases: -1 or 0 */
luaL_argcheck(L, d != 0, 2, "zero");
lua_pushinteger(L, 0); /* avoid overflow with 0x80000... / -1 */
}
else
lua_pushinteger(L, lua_tointeger(L, 1) % d);
}
else
lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(fmod)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1),
luaL_checknumber(L, 2)));
return 1;
}
/*
** next function does not use 'modf', avoiding problems with 'double*'
** (which is not compatible with 'float*') when lua_Number is not
** 'double'.
*/
static int math_modf (lua_State *L) {
if (lua_isinteger(L ,1)) {
lua_settop(L, 1); /* number is its own integer part */
lua_pushnumber(L, 0); /* no fractional part */
}
else {
lua_Number n = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
/* integer part (rounds toward zero) */
lua_Number ip = (n < 0) ? l_mathop(ceil)(n) : l_mathop(floor)(n);
pushnumint(L, ip);
/* fractional part (test needed for inf/-inf) */
lua_pushnumber(L, (n == ip) ? l_mathop(0.0) : (n - ip));
}
return 2;
}
static int math_sqrt (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(sqrt)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
return 1;
}
static int math_ult (lua_State *L) {
lua_Integer a = luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);
lua_Integer b = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
lua_pushboolean(L, (lua_Unsigned)a < (lua_Unsigned)b);
return 1;
}
static int math_log (lua_State *L) {
lua_Number x = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
lua_Number res;
if (lua_isnoneornil(L, 2))
res = l_mathop(log)(x);
else {
lua_Number base = luaL_checknumber(L, 2);
#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89)
if (base == l_mathop(2.0))
res = l_mathop(log2)(x);
else
#endif
if (base == l_mathop(10.0))
res = l_mathop(log10)(x);
else
res = l_mathop(log)(x)/l_mathop(log)(base);
}
lua_pushnumber(L, res);
return 1;
}
static int math_exp (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(exp)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
return 1;
}
static int math_deg (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushnumber(L, luaL_checknumber(L, 1) * (l_mathop(180.0) / PI));
return 1;
}
static int math_rad (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushnumber(L, luaL_checknumber(L, 1) * (PI / l_mathop(180.0)));
return 1;
}
static int math_min (lua_State *L) {
int n = lua_gettop(L); /* number of arguments */
int imin = 1; /* index of current minimum value */
int i;
luaL_argcheck(L, n >= 1, 1, "value expected");
for (i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
if (lua_compare(L, i, imin, LUA_OPLT))
imin = i;
}
lua_pushvalue(L, imin);
return 1;
}
static int math_max (lua_State *L) {
int n = lua_gettop(L); /* number of arguments */
int imax = 1; /* index of current maximum value */
int i;
luaL_argcheck(L, n >= 1, 1, "value expected");
for (i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
if (lua_compare(L, imax, i, LUA_OPLT))
imax = i;
}
lua_pushvalue(L, imax);
return 1;
}
static int math_type (lua_State *L) {
if (lua_type(L, 1) == LUA_TNUMBER)
lua_pushstring(L, (lua_isinteger(L, 1)) ? "integer" : "float");
else {
luaL_checkany(L, 1);
luaL_pushfail(L);
}
return 1;
}
/*
** {==================================================================
** Pseudo-Random Number Generator based on 'xoshiro256**'.
** ===================================================================
*/
/* number of binary digits in the mantissa of a float */
#define FIGS l_floatatt(MANT_DIG)
#if FIGS > 64
/* there are only 64 random bits; use them all */
#undef FIGS
#define FIGS 64
#endif
/*
** LUA_RAND32 forces the use of 32-bit integers in the implementation
** of the PRN generator (mainly for testing).
*/
#if !defined(LUA_RAND32) && !defined(Rand64)
/* try to find an integer type with at least 64 bits */
#if ((ULONG_MAX >> 31) >> 31) >= 3
/* 'long' has at least 64 bits */
#define Rand64 unsigned long
#elif !defined(LUA_USE_C89) && defined(LLONG_MAX)
/* there is a 'long long' type (which must have at least 64 bits) */
#define Rand64 unsigned long long
#elif ((LUA_MAXUNSIGNED >> 31) >> 31) >= 3
/* 'lua_Unsigned' has at least 64 bits */
#define Rand64 lua_Unsigned
#endif
#endif
#if defined(Rand64) /* { */
/*
** Standard implementation, using 64-bit integers.
** If 'Rand64' has more than 64 bits, the extra bits do not interfere
** with the 64 initial bits, except in a right shift. Moreover, the
** final result has to discard the extra bits.
*/
/* avoid using extra bits when needed */
#define trim64(x) ((x) & 0xffffffffffffffffu)
/* rotate left 'x' by 'n' bits */
static Rand64 rotl (Rand64 x, int n) {
return (x << n) | (trim64(x) >> (64 - n));
}
static Rand64 nextrand (Rand64 *state) {
Rand64 state0 = state[0];
Rand64 state1 = state[1];
Rand64 state2 = state[2] ^ state0;
Rand64 state3 = state[3] ^ state1;
Rand64 res = rotl(state1 * 5, 7) * 9;
state[0] = state0 ^ state3;
state[1] = state1 ^ state2;
state[2] = state2 ^ (state1 << 17);
state[3] = rotl(state3, 45);
return res;
}
/* must take care to not shift stuff by more than 63 slots */
/*
** Convert bits from a random integer into a float in the
** interval [0,1), getting the higher FIG bits from the
** random unsigned integer and converting that to a float.
*/
/* must throw out the extra (64 - FIGS) bits */
#define shift64_FIG (64 - FIGS)
/* to scale to [0, 1), multiply by scaleFIG = 2^(-FIGS) */
#define scaleFIG (l_mathop(0.5) / ((Rand64)1 << (FIGS - 1)))
static lua_Number I2d (Rand64 x) {
return (lua_Number)(trim64(x) >> shift64_FIG) * scaleFIG;
}
/* convert a 'Rand64' to a 'lua_Unsigned' */
#define I2UInt(x) ((lua_Unsigned)trim64(x))
/* convert a 'lua_Unsigned' to a 'Rand64' */
#define Int2I(x) ((Rand64)(x))
#else /* no 'Rand64' }{ */
/* get an integer with at least 32 bits */
#if LUAI_IS32INT
typedef unsigned int lu_int32;
#else
typedef unsigned long lu_int32;
#endif
/*
** Use two 32-bit integers to represent a 64-bit quantity.
*/
typedef struct Rand64 {
lu_int32 h; /* higher half */
lu_int32 l; /* lower half */
} Rand64;
/*
** If 'lu_int32' has more than 32 bits, the extra bits do not interfere
** with the 32 initial bits, except in a right shift and comparisons.
** Moreover, the final result has to discard the extra bits.
*/
/* avoid using extra bits when needed */
#define trim32(x) ((x) & 0xffffffffu)
/*
** basic operations on 'Rand64' values
*/
/* build a new Rand64 value */
static Rand64 packI (lu_int32 h, lu_int32 l) {
Rand64 result;
result.h = h;
result.l = l;
return result;
}
/* return i << n */
static Rand64 Ishl (Rand64 i, int n) {
lua_assert(n > 0 && n < 32);
return packI((i.h << n) | (trim32(i.l) >> (32 - n)), i.l << n);
}
/* i1 ^= i2 */
static void Ixor (Rand64 *i1, Rand64 i2) {
i1->h ^= i2.h;
i1->l ^= i2.l;
}
/* return i1 + i2 */
static Rand64 Iadd (Rand64 i1, Rand64 i2) {
Rand64 result = packI(i1.h + i2.h, i1.l + i2.l);
if (trim32(result.l) < trim32(i1.l)) /* carry? */
result.h++;
return result;
}
/* return i * 5 */
static Rand64 times5 (Rand64 i) {
return Iadd(Ishl(i, 2), i); /* i * 5 == (i << 2) + i */
}
/* return i * 9 */
static Rand64 times9 (Rand64 i) {
return Iadd(Ishl(i, 3), i); /* i * 9 == (i << 3) + i */
}
/* return 'i' rotated left 'n' bits */
static Rand64 rotl (Rand64 i, int n) {
lua_assert(n > 0 && n < 32);
return packI((i.h << n) | (trim32(i.l) >> (32 - n)),
(trim32(i.h) >> (32 - n)) | (i.l << n));
}
/* for offsets larger than 32, rotate right by 64 - offset */
static Rand64 rotl1 (Rand64 i, int n) {
lua_assert(n > 32 && n < 64);
n = 64 - n;
return packI((trim32(i.h) >> n) | (i.l << (32 - n)),
(i.h << (32 - n)) | (trim32(i.l) >> n));
}
/*
** implementation of 'xoshiro256**' algorithm on 'Rand64' values
*/
static Rand64 nextrand (Rand64 *state) {
Rand64 res = times9(rotl(times5(state[1]), 7));
Rand64 t = Ishl(state[1], 17);
Ixor(&state[2], state[0]);
Ixor(&state[3], state[1]);
Ixor(&state[1], state[2]);
Ixor(&state[0], state[3]);
Ixor(&state[2], t);
state[3] = rotl1(state[3], 45);
return res;
}
/*
** Converts a 'Rand64' into a float.
*/
/* an unsigned 1 with proper type */
#define UONE ((lu_int32)1)
#if FIGS <= 32
/* 2^(-FIGS) */
#define scaleFIG (l_mathop(0.5) / (UONE << (FIGS - 1)))
/*
** get up to 32 bits from higher half, shifting right to
** throw out the extra bits.
*/
static lua_Number I2d (Rand64 x) {
lua_Number h = (lua_Number)(trim32(x.h) >> (32 - FIGS));
return h * scaleFIG;
}
#else /* 32 < FIGS <= 64 */
/* must take care to not shift stuff by more than 31 slots */
/* 2^(-FIGS) = 1.0 / 2^30 / 2^3 / 2^(FIGS-33) */
#define scaleFIG \
(l_mathop(1.0) / (UONE << 30) / l_mathop(8.0) / (UONE << (FIGS - 33)))
/*
** use FIGS - 32 bits from lower half, throwing out the other
** (32 - (FIGS - 32)) = (64 - FIGS) bits
*/
#define shiftLOW (64 - FIGS)
/*
** higher 32 bits go after those (FIGS - 32) bits: shiftHI = 2^(FIGS - 32)
*/
#define shiftHI ((lua_Number)(UONE << (FIGS - 33)) * l_mathop(2.0))
static lua_Number I2d (Rand64 x) {
lua_Number h = (lua_Number)trim32(x.h) * shiftHI;
lua_Number l = (lua_Number)(trim32(x.l) >> shiftLOW);
return (h + l) * scaleFIG;
}
#endif
/* convert a 'Rand64' to a 'lua_Unsigned' */
static lua_Unsigned I2UInt (Rand64 x) {
return (((lua_Unsigned)trim32(x.h) << 31) << 1) | (lua_Unsigned)trim32(x.l);
}
/* convert a 'lua_Unsigned' to a 'Rand64' */
static Rand64 Int2I (lua_Unsigned n) {
return packI((lu_int32)((n >> 31) >> 1), (lu_int32)n);
}
#endif /* } */
/*
** A state uses four 'Rand64' values.
*/
typedef struct {
Rand64 s[4];
} RanState;
/*
** Project the random integer 'ran' into the interval [0, n].
** Because 'ran' has 2^B possible values, the projection can only be
** uniform when the size of the interval is a power of 2 (exact
** division). Otherwise, to get a uniform projection into [0, n], we
** first compute 'lim', the smallest Mersenne number not smaller than
** 'n'. We then project 'ran' into the interval [0, lim]. If the result
** is inside [0, n], we are done. Otherwise, we try with another 'ran',
** until we have a result inside the interval.
*/
static lua_Unsigned project (lua_Unsigned ran, lua_Unsigned n,
RanState *state) {
if ((n & (n + 1)) == 0) /* is 'n + 1' a power of 2? */
return ran & n; /* no bias */
else {
lua_Unsigned lim = n;
/* compute the smallest (2^b - 1) not smaller than 'n' */
lim |= (lim >> 1);
lim |= (lim >> 2);
lim |= (lim >> 4);
lim |= (lim >> 8);
lim |= (lim >> 16);
#if (LUA_MAXUNSIGNED >> 31) >= 3
lim |= (lim >> 32); /* integer type has more than 32 bits */
#endif
lua_assert((lim & (lim + 1)) == 0 /* 'lim + 1' is a power of 2, */
&& lim >= n /* not smaller than 'n', */
&& (lim >> 1) < n); /* and it is the smallest one */
while ((ran &= lim) > n) /* project 'ran' into [0..lim] */
ran = I2UInt(nextrand(state->s)); /* not inside [0..n]? try again */
return ran;
}
}
static int math_random (lua_State *L) {
lua_Integer low, up;
lua_Unsigned p;
RanState *state = (RanState *)lua_touserdata(L, lua_upvalueindex(1));
Rand64 rv = nextrand(state->s); /* next pseudo-random value */
switch (lua_gettop(L)) { /* check number of arguments */
case 0: { /* no arguments */
lua_pushnumber(L, I2d(rv)); /* float between 0 and 1 */
return 1;
}
case 1: { /* only upper limit */
low = 1;
up = luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);
if (up == 0) { /* single 0 as argument? */
lua_pushinteger(L, I2UInt(rv)); /* full random integer */
return 1;
}
break;
}
case 2: { /* lower and upper limits */
low = luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);
up = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
break;
}
default: return luaL_error(L, "wrong number of arguments");
}
/* random integer in the interval [low, up] */
luaL_argcheck(L, low <= up, 1, "interval is empty");
/* project random integer into the interval [0, up - low] */
p = project(I2UInt(rv), (lua_Unsigned)up - (lua_Unsigned)low, state);
lua_pushinteger(L, p + (lua_Unsigned)low);
return 1;
}
static void setseed (lua_State *L, Rand64 *state,
lua_Unsigned n1, lua_Unsigned n2) {
int i;
state[0] = Int2I(n1);
state[1] = Int2I(0xff); /* avoid a zero state */
state[2] = Int2I(n2);
state[3] = Int2I(0);
for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
nextrand(state); /* discard initial values to "spread" seed */
lua_pushinteger(L, n1);
lua_pushinteger(L, n2);
}
/*
** Set a "random" seed. To get some randomness, use the current time
** and the address of 'L' (in case the machine does address space layout
** randomization).
*/
static void randseed (lua_State *L, RanState *state) {
lua_Unsigned seed1 = (lua_Unsigned)time(NULL);
lua_Unsigned seed2 = (lua_Unsigned)(size_t)L;
setseed(L, state->s, seed1, seed2);
}
static int math_randomseed (lua_State *L) {
RanState *state = (RanState *)lua_touserdata(L, lua_upvalueindex(1));
if (lua_isnone(L, 1)) {
randseed(L, state);
}
else {
lua_Integer n1 = luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);
lua_Integer n2 = luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 0);
setseed(L, state->s, n1, n2);
}
return 2; /* return seeds */
}
static const luaL_Reg randfuncs[] = {
{"random", math_random},
{"randomseed", math_randomseed},
{NULL, NULL}
};
/*
** Register the random functions and initialize their state.
*/
static void setrandfunc (lua_State *L) {
RanState *state = (RanState *)lua_newuserdatauv(L, sizeof(RanState), 0);
randseed(L, state); /* initialize with a "random" seed */
lua_pop(L, 2); /* remove pushed seeds */
luaL_setfuncs(L, randfuncs, 1);
}
/* }================================================================== */
/*
** {==================================================================
** Deprecated functions (for compatibility only)
** ===================================================================
*/
#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_MATHLIB)
static int math_cosh (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(cosh)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
return 1;
}
static int math_sinh (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(sinh)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
return 1;
}
static int math_tanh (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(tanh)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
return 1;
}
static int math_pow (lua_State *L) {
lua_Number x = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
lua_Number y = luaL_checknumber(L, 2);
lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(pow)(x, y));
return 1;
}
static int math_frexp (lua_State *L) {
int e;
lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(frexp)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1), &e));
lua_pushinteger(L, e);
return 2;
}
static int math_ldexp (lua_State *L) {
lua_Number x = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
int ep = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(ldexp)(x, ep));
return 1;
}
static int math_log10 (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(log10)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
return 1;
}
#endif
/* }================================================================== */
static const luaL_Reg mathlib[] = {
{"abs", math_abs},
{"acos", math_acos},
{"asin", math_asin},
{"atan", math_atan},
{"ceil", math_ceil},
{"cos", math_cos},
{"deg", math_deg},
{"exp", math_exp},
{"tointeger", math_toint},
{"floor", math_floor},
{"fmod", math_fmod},
{"ult", math_ult},
{"log", math_log},
{"max", math_max},
{"min", math_min},
{"modf", math_modf},
{"rad", math_rad},
{"sin", math_sin},
{"sqrt", math_sqrt},
{"tan", math_tan},
{"type", math_type},
#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_MATHLIB)
{"atan2", math_atan},
{"cosh", math_cosh},
{"sinh", math_sinh},
{"tanh", math_tanh},
{"pow", math_pow},
{"frexp", math_frexp},
{"ldexp", math_ldexp},
{"log10", math_log10},
#endif
/* placeholders */
{"random", NULL},
{"randomseed", NULL},
{"pi", NULL},
{"huge", NULL},
{"maxinteger", NULL},
{"mininteger", NULL},
{NULL, NULL}
};
/*
** Open math library
*/
LUAMOD_API int luaopen_math (lua_State *L) {
luaL_newlib(L, mathlib);
lua_pushnumber(L, PI);
lua_setfield(L, -2, "pi");
lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)HUGE_VAL);
lua_setfield(L, -2, "huge");
lua_pushinteger(L, LUA_MAXINTEGER);
lua_setfield(L, -2, "maxinteger");
lua_pushinteger(L, LUA_MININTEGER);
lua_setfield(L, -2, "mininteger");
setrandfunc(L);
return 1;
}

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/*
** $Id: lmem.c $
** Interface to Memory Manager
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#define lmem_c
#define LUA_CORE
#include "lprefix.h"
#include <stddef.h>
#include "lua.h"
#include "ldebug.h"
#include "ldo.h"
#include "lgc.h"
#include "lmem.h"
#include "lobject.h"
#include "lstate.h"
/*
** About the realloc function:
** void *frealloc (void *ud, void *ptr, size_t osize, size_t nsize);
** ('osize' is the old size, 'nsize' is the new size)
**
** - frealloc(ud, p, x, 0) frees the block 'p' and returns NULL.
** Particularly, frealloc(ud, NULL, 0, 0) does nothing,
** which is equivalent to free(NULL) in ISO C.
**
** - frealloc(ud, NULL, x, s) creates a new block of size 's'
** (no matter 'x'). Returns NULL if it cannot create the new block.
**
** - otherwise, frealloc(ud, b, x, y) reallocates the block 'b' from
** size 'x' to size 'y'. Returns NULL if it cannot reallocate the
** block to the new size.
*/
/*
** Macro to call the allocation function.
*/
#define callfrealloc(g,block,os,ns) ((*g->frealloc)(g->ud, block, os, ns))
/*
** When an allocation fails, it will try again after an emergency
** collection, except when it cannot run a collection. The GC should
** not be called while the state is not fully built, as the collector
** is not yet fully initialized. Also, it should not be called when
** 'gcstopem' is true, because then the interpreter is in the middle of
** a collection step.
*/
#define cantryagain(g) (completestate(g) && !g->gcstopem)
#if defined(EMERGENCYGCTESTS)
/*
** First allocation will fail except when freeing a block (frees never
** fail) and when it cannot try again; this fail will trigger 'tryagain'
** and a full GC cycle at every allocation.
*/
static void *firsttry (global_State *g, void *block, size_t os, size_t ns) {
if (ns > 0 && cantryagain(g))
return NULL; /* fail */
else /* normal allocation */
return callfrealloc(g, block, os, ns);
}
#else
#define firsttry(g,block,os,ns) callfrealloc(g, block, os, ns)
#endif
/*
** {==================================================================
** Functions to allocate/deallocate arrays for the Parser
** ===================================================================
*/
/*
** Minimum size for arrays during parsing, to avoid overhead of
** reallocating to size 1, then 2, and then 4. All these arrays
** will be reallocated to exact sizes or erased when parsing ends.
*/
#define MINSIZEARRAY 4
void *luaM_growaux_ (lua_State *L, void *block, int nelems, int *psize,
int size_elems, int limit, const char *what) {
void *newblock;
int size = *psize;
if (nelems + 1 <= size) /* does one extra element still fit? */
return block; /* nothing to be done */
if (size >= limit / 2) { /* cannot double it? */
if (l_unlikely(size >= limit)) /* cannot grow even a little? */
luaG_runerror(L, "too many %s (limit is %d)", what, limit);
size = limit; /* still have at least one free place */
}
else {
size *= 2;
if (size < MINSIZEARRAY)
size = MINSIZEARRAY; /* minimum size */
}
lua_assert(nelems + 1 <= size && size <= limit);
/* 'limit' ensures that multiplication will not overflow */
newblock = luaM_saferealloc_(L, block, cast_sizet(*psize) * size_elems,
cast_sizet(size) * size_elems);
*psize = size; /* update only when everything else is OK */
return newblock;
}
/*
** In prototypes, the size of the array is also its number of
** elements (to save memory). So, if it cannot shrink an array
** to its number of elements, the only option is to raise an
** error.
*/
void *luaM_shrinkvector_ (lua_State *L, void *block, int *size,
int final_n, int size_elem) {
void *newblock;
size_t oldsize = cast_sizet((*size) * size_elem);
size_t newsize = cast_sizet(final_n * size_elem);
lua_assert(newsize <= oldsize);
newblock = luaM_saferealloc_(L, block, oldsize, newsize);
*size = final_n;
return newblock;
}
/* }================================================================== */
l_noret luaM_toobig (lua_State *L) {
luaG_runerror(L, "memory allocation error: block too big");
}
/*
** Free memory
*/
void luaM_free_ (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t osize) {
global_State *g = G(L);
lua_assert((osize == 0) == (block == NULL));
callfrealloc(g, block, osize, 0);
g->GCdebt -= osize;
}
/*
** In case of allocation fail, this function will do an emergency
** collection to free some memory and then try the allocation again.
*/
static void *tryagain (lua_State *L, void *block,
size_t osize, size_t nsize) {
global_State *g = G(L);
if (cantryagain(g)) {
luaC_fullgc(L, 1); /* try to free some memory... */
return callfrealloc(g, block, osize, nsize); /* try again */
}
else return NULL; /* cannot run an emergency collection */
}
/*
** Generic allocation routine.
*/
void *luaM_realloc_ (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t osize, size_t nsize) {
void *newblock;
global_State *g = G(L);
lua_assert((osize == 0) == (block == NULL));
newblock = firsttry(g, block, osize, nsize);
if (l_unlikely(newblock == NULL && nsize > 0)) {
newblock = tryagain(L, block, osize, nsize);
if (newblock == NULL) /* still no memory? */
return NULL; /* do not update 'GCdebt' */
}
lua_assert((nsize == 0) == (newblock == NULL));
g->GCdebt = (g->GCdebt + nsize) - osize;
return newblock;
}
void *luaM_saferealloc_ (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t osize,
size_t nsize) {
void *newblock = luaM_realloc_(L, block, osize, nsize);
if (l_unlikely(newblock == NULL && nsize > 0)) /* allocation failed? */
luaM_error(L);
return newblock;
}
void *luaM_malloc_ (lua_State *L, size_t size, int tag) {
if (size == 0)
return NULL; /* that's all */
else {
global_State *g = G(L);
void *newblock = firsttry(g, NULL, tag, size);
if (l_unlikely(newblock == NULL)) {
newblock = tryagain(L, NULL, tag, size);
if (newblock == NULL)
luaM_error(L);
}
g->GCdebt += size;
return newblock;
}
}

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/*
** $Id: lmem.h $
** Interface to Memory Manager
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#ifndef lmem_h
#define lmem_h
#include <stddef.h>
#include "llimits.h"
#include "lua.h"
#define luaM_error(L) luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRMEM)
/*
** This macro tests whether it is safe to multiply 'n' by the size of
** type 't' without overflows. Because 'e' is always constant, it avoids
** the runtime division MAX_SIZET/(e).
** (The macro is somewhat complex to avoid warnings: The 'sizeof'
** comparison avoids a runtime comparison when overflow cannot occur.
** The compiler should be able to optimize the real test by itself, but
** when it does it, it may give a warning about "comparison is always
** false due to limited range of data type"; the +1 tricks the compiler,
** avoiding this warning but also this optimization.)
*/
#define luaM_testsize(n,e) \
(sizeof(n) >= sizeof(size_t) && cast_sizet((n)) + 1 > MAX_SIZET/(e))
#define luaM_checksize(L,n,e) \
(luaM_testsize(n,e) ? luaM_toobig(L) : cast_void(0))
/*
** Computes the minimum between 'n' and 'MAX_SIZET/sizeof(t)', so that
** the result is not larger than 'n' and cannot overflow a 'size_t'
** when multiplied by the size of type 't'. (Assumes that 'n' is an
** 'int' or 'unsigned int' and that 'int' is not larger than 'size_t'.)
*/
#define luaM_limitN(n,t) \
((cast_sizet(n) <= MAX_SIZET/sizeof(t)) ? (n) : \
cast_uint((MAX_SIZET/sizeof(t))))
/*
** Arrays of chars do not need any test
*/
#define luaM_reallocvchar(L,b,on,n) \
cast_charp(luaM_saferealloc_(L, (b), (on)*sizeof(char), (n)*sizeof(char)))
#define luaM_freemem(L, b, s) luaM_free_(L, (b), (s))
#define luaM_free(L, b) luaM_free_(L, (b), sizeof(*(b)))
#define luaM_freearray(L, b, n) luaM_free_(L, (b), (n)*sizeof(*(b)))
#define luaM_new(L,t) cast(t*, luaM_malloc_(L, sizeof(t), 0))
#define luaM_newvector(L,n,t) cast(t*, luaM_malloc_(L, (n)*sizeof(t), 0))
#define luaM_newvectorchecked(L,n,t) \
(luaM_checksize(L,n,sizeof(t)), luaM_newvector(L,n,t))
#define luaM_newobject(L,tag,s) luaM_malloc_(L, (s), tag)
#define luaM_growvector(L,v,nelems,size,t,limit,e) \
((v)=cast(t *, luaM_growaux_(L,v,nelems,&(size),sizeof(t), \
luaM_limitN(limit,t),e)))
#define luaM_reallocvector(L, v,oldn,n,t) \
(cast(t *, luaM_realloc_(L, v, cast_sizet(oldn) * sizeof(t), \
cast_sizet(n) * sizeof(t))))
#define luaM_shrinkvector(L,v,size,fs,t) \
((v)=cast(t *, luaM_shrinkvector_(L, v, &(size), fs, sizeof(t))))
LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaM_toobig (lua_State *L);
/* not to be called directly */
LUAI_FUNC void *luaM_realloc_ (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t oldsize,
size_t size);
LUAI_FUNC void *luaM_saferealloc_ (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t oldsize,
size_t size);
LUAI_FUNC void luaM_free_ (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t osize);
LUAI_FUNC void *luaM_growaux_ (lua_State *L, void *block, int nelems,
int *size, int size_elem, int limit,
const char *what);
LUAI_FUNC void *luaM_shrinkvector_ (lua_State *L, void *block, int *nelem,
int final_n, int size_elem);
LUAI_FUNC void *luaM_malloc_ (lua_State *L, size_t size, int tag);
#endif

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/*
** $Id: loadlib.c $
** Dynamic library loader for Lua
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
**
** This module contains an implementation of loadlib for Unix systems
** that have dlfcn, an implementation for Windows, and a stub for other
** systems.
*/
#define loadlib_c
#define LUA_LIB
#include "lprefix.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "lua.h"
#include "lauxlib.h"
#include "lualib.h"
/*
** LUA_IGMARK is a mark to ignore all before it when building the
** luaopen_ function name.
*/
#if !defined (LUA_IGMARK)
#define LUA_IGMARK "-"
#endif
/*
** LUA_CSUBSEP is the character that replaces dots in submodule names
** when searching for a C loader.
** LUA_LSUBSEP is the character that replaces dots in submodule names
** when searching for a Lua loader.
*/
#if !defined(LUA_CSUBSEP)
#define LUA_CSUBSEP LUA_DIRSEP
#endif
#if !defined(LUA_LSUBSEP)
#define LUA_LSUBSEP LUA_DIRSEP
#endif
/* prefix for open functions in C libraries */
#define LUA_POF "luaopen_"
/* separator for open functions in C libraries */
#define LUA_OFSEP "_"
/*
** key for table in the registry that keeps handles
** for all loaded C libraries
*/
static const char *const CLIBS = "_CLIBS";
#define LIB_FAIL "open"
#define setprogdir(L) ((void)0)
/*
** Special type equivalent to '(void*)' for functions in gcc
** (to suppress warnings when converting function pointers)
*/
typedef void (*voidf)(void);
/*
** system-dependent functions
*/
/*
** unload library 'lib'
*/
static void lsys_unloadlib (void *lib);
/*
** load C library in file 'path'. If 'seeglb', load with all names in
** the library global.
** Returns the library; in case of error, returns NULL plus an
** error string in the stack.
*/
static void *lsys_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb);
/*
** Try to find a function named 'sym' in library 'lib'.
** Returns the function; in case of error, returns NULL plus an
** error string in the stack.
*/
static lua_CFunction lsys_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym);
#if defined(LUA_USE_DLOPEN) /* { */
/*
** {========================================================================
** This is an implementation of loadlib based on the dlfcn interface.
** The dlfcn interface is available in Linux, SunOS, Solaris, IRIX, FreeBSD,
** NetBSD, AIX 4.2, HPUX 11, and probably most other Unix flavors, at least
** as an emulation layer on top of native functions.
** =========================================================================
*/
#include <dlfcn.h>
/*
** Macro to convert pointer-to-void* to pointer-to-function. This cast
** is undefined according to ISO C, but POSIX assumes that it works.
** (The '__extension__' in gnu compilers is only to avoid warnings.)
*/
#if defined(__GNUC__)
#define cast_func(p) (__extension__ (lua_CFunction)(p))
#else
#define cast_func(p) ((lua_CFunction)(p))
#endif
static void lsys_unloadlib (void *lib) {
dlclose(lib);
}
static void *lsys_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb) {
void *lib = dlopen(path, RTLD_NOW | (seeglb ? RTLD_GLOBAL : RTLD_LOCAL));
if (l_unlikely(lib == NULL))
lua_pushstring(L, dlerror());
return lib;
}
static lua_CFunction lsys_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
lua_CFunction f = cast_func(dlsym(lib, sym));
if (l_unlikely(f == NULL))
lua_pushstring(L, dlerror());
return f;
}
/* }====================================================== */
#elif defined(LUA_DL_DLL) /* }{ */
/*
** {======================================================================
** This is an implementation of loadlib for Windows using native functions.
** =======================================================================
*/
#include <windows.h>
/*
** optional flags for LoadLibraryEx
*/
#if !defined(LUA_LLE_FLAGS)
#define LUA_LLE_FLAGS 0
#endif
#undef setprogdir
/*
** Replace in the path (on the top of the stack) any occurrence
** of LUA_EXEC_DIR with the executable's path.
*/
static void setprogdir (lua_State *L) {
char buff[MAX_PATH + 1];
char *lb;
DWORD nsize = sizeof(buff)/sizeof(char);
DWORD n = GetModuleFileNameA(NULL, buff, nsize); /* get exec. name */
if (n == 0 || n == nsize || (lb = strrchr(buff, '\\')) == NULL)
luaL_error(L, "unable to get ModuleFileName");
else {
*lb = '\0'; /* cut name on the last '\\' to get the path */
luaL_gsub(L, lua_tostring(L, -1), LUA_EXEC_DIR, buff);
lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove original string */
}
}
static void pusherror (lua_State *L) {
int error = GetLastError();
char buffer[128];
if (FormatMessageA(FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM,
NULL, error, 0, buffer, sizeof(buffer)/sizeof(char), NULL))
lua_pushstring(L, buffer);
else
lua_pushfstring(L, "system error %d\n", error);
}
static void lsys_unloadlib (void *lib) {
FreeLibrary((HMODULE)lib);
}
static void *lsys_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb) {
HMODULE lib = LoadLibraryExA(path, NULL, LUA_LLE_FLAGS);
(void)(seeglb); /* not used: symbols are 'global' by default */
if (lib == NULL) pusherror(L);
return lib;
}
static lua_CFunction lsys_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
lua_CFunction f = (lua_CFunction)(voidf)GetProcAddress((HMODULE)lib, sym);
if (f == NULL) pusherror(L);
return f;
}
/* }====================================================== */
#else /* }{ */
/*
** {======================================================
** Fallback for other systems
** =======================================================
*/
#undef LIB_FAIL
#define LIB_FAIL "absent"
#define DLMSG "dynamic libraries not enabled; check your Lua installation"
static void lsys_unloadlib (void *lib) {
(void)(lib); /* not used */
}
static void *lsys_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb) {
(void)(path); (void)(seeglb); /* not used */
lua_pushliteral(L, DLMSG);
return NULL;
}
static lua_CFunction lsys_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
(void)(lib); (void)(sym); /* not used */
lua_pushliteral(L, DLMSG);
return NULL;
}
/* }====================================================== */
#endif /* } */
/*
** {==================================================================
** Set Paths
** ===================================================================
*/
/*
** LUA_PATH_VAR and LUA_CPATH_VAR are the names of the environment
** variables that Lua check to set its paths.
*/
#if !defined(LUA_PATH_VAR)
#define LUA_PATH_VAR "LUA_PATH"
#endif
#if !defined(LUA_CPATH_VAR)
#define LUA_CPATH_VAR "LUA_CPATH"
#endif
/*
** return registry.LUA_NOENV as a boolean
*/
static int noenv (lua_State *L) {
int b;
lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "LUA_NOENV");
b = lua_toboolean(L, -1);
lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove value */
return b;
}
/*
** Set a path
*/
static void setpath (lua_State *L, const char *fieldname,
const char *envname,
const char *dft) {
const char *dftmark;
const char *nver = lua_pushfstring(L, "%s%s", envname, LUA_VERSUFFIX);
const char *path = getenv(nver); /* try versioned name */
if (path == NULL) /* no versioned environment variable? */
path = getenv(envname); /* try unversioned name */
if (path == NULL || noenv(L)) /* no environment variable? */
lua_pushstring(L, dft); /* use default */
else if ((dftmark = strstr(path, LUA_PATH_SEP LUA_PATH_SEP)) == NULL)
lua_pushstring(L, path); /* nothing to change */
else { /* path contains a ";;": insert default path in its place */
size_t len = strlen(path);
luaL_Buffer b;
luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
if (path < dftmark) { /* is there a prefix before ';;'? */
luaL_addlstring(&b, path, dftmark - path); /* add it */
luaL_addchar(&b, *LUA_PATH_SEP);
}
luaL_addstring(&b, dft); /* add default */
if (dftmark < path + len - 2) { /* is there a suffix after ';;'? */
luaL_addchar(&b, *LUA_PATH_SEP);
luaL_addlstring(&b, dftmark + 2, (path + len - 2) - dftmark);
}
luaL_pushresult(&b);
}
setprogdir(L);
lua_setfield(L, -3, fieldname); /* package[fieldname] = path value */
lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop versioned variable name ('nver') */
}
/* }================================================================== */
/*
** return registry.CLIBS[path]
*/
static void *checkclib (lua_State *L, const char *path) {
void *plib;
lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, CLIBS);
lua_getfield(L, -1, path);
plib = lua_touserdata(L, -1); /* plib = CLIBS[path] */
lua_pop(L, 2); /* pop CLIBS table and 'plib' */
return plib;
}
/*
** registry.CLIBS[path] = plib -- for queries
** registry.CLIBS[#CLIBS + 1] = plib -- also keep a list of all libraries
*/
static void addtoclib (lua_State *L, const char *path, void *plib) {
lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, CLIBS);
lua_pushlightuserdata(L, plib);
lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
lua_setfield(L, -3, path); /* CLIBS[path] = plib */
lua_rawseti(L, -2, luaL_len(L, -2) + 1); /* CLIBS[#CLIBS + 1] = plib */
lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop CLIBS table */
}
/*
** __gc tag method for CLIBS table: calls 'lsys_unloadlib' for all lib
** handles in list CLIBS
*/
static int gctm (lua_State *L) {
lua_Integer n = luaL_len(L, 1);
for (; n >= 1; n--) { /* for each handle, in reverse order */
lua_rawgeti(L, 1, n); /* get handle CLIBS[n] */
lsys_unloadlib(lua_touserdata(L, -1));
lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop handle */
}
return 0;
}
/* error codes for 'lookforfunc' */
#define ERRLIB 1
#define ERRFUNC 2
/*
** Look for a C function named 'sym' in a dynamically loaded library
** 'path'.
** First, check whether the library is already loaded; if not, try
** to load it.
** Then, if 'sym' is '*', return true (as library has been loaded).
** Otherwise, look for symbol 'sym' in the library and push a
** C function with that symbol.
** Return 0 and 'true' or a function in the stack; in case of
** errors, return an error code and an error message in the stack.
*/
static int lookforfunc (lua_State *L, const char *path, const char *sym) {
void *reg = checkclib(L, path); /* check loaded C libraries */
if (reg == NULL) { /* must load library? */
reg = lsys_load(L, path, *sym == '*'); /* global symbols if 'sym'=='*' */
if (reg == NULL) return ERRLIB; /* unable to load library */
addtoclib(L, path, reg);
}
if (*sym == '*') { /* loading only library (no function)? */
lua_pushboolean(L, 1); /* return 'true' */
return 0; /* no errors */
}
else {
lua_CFunction f = lsys_sym(L, reg, sym);
if (f == NULL)
return ERRFUNC; /* unable to find function */
lua_pushcfunction(L, f); /* else create new function */
return 0; /* no errors */
}
}
static int ll_loadlib (lua_State *L) {
const char *path = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
const char *init = luaL_checkstring(L, 2);
int stat = lookforfunc(L, path, init);
if (l_likely(stat == 0)) /* no errors? */
return 1; /* return the loaded function */
else { /* error; error message is on stack top */
luaL_pushfail(L);
lua_insert(L, -2);
lua_pushstring(L, (stat == ERRLIB) ? LIB_FAIL : "init");
return 3; /* return fail, error message, and where */
}
}
/*
** {======================================================
** 'require' function
** =======================================================
*/
static int readable (const char *filename) {
FILE *f = fopen(filename, "r"); /* try to open file */
if (f == NULL) return 0; /* open failed */
fclose(f);
return 1;
}
/*
** Get the next name in '*path' = 'name1;name2;name3;...', changing
** the ending ';' to '\0' to create a zero-terminated string. Return
** NULL when list ends.
*/
static const char *getnextfilename (char **path, char *end) {
char *sep;
char *name = *path;
if (name == end)
return NULL; /* no more names */
else if (*name == '\0') { /* from previous iteration? */
*name = *LUA_PATH_SEP; /* restore separator */
name++; /* skip it */
}
sep = strchr(name, *LUA_PATH_SEP); /* find next separator */
if (sep == NULL) /* separator not found? */
sep = end; /* name goes until the end */
*sep = '\0'; /* finish file name */
*path = sep; /* will start next search from here */
return name;
}
/*
** Given a path such as ";blabla.so;blublu.so", pushes the string
**
** no file 'blabla.so'
** no file 'blublu.so'
*/
static void pusherrornotfound (lua_State *L, const char *path) {
luaL_Buffer b;
luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
luaL_addstring(&b, "no file '");
luaL_addgsub(&b, path, LUA_PATH_SEP, "'\n\tno file '");
luaL_addstring(&b, "'");
luaL_pushresult(&b);
}
static const char *searchpath (lua_State *L, const char *name,
const char *path,
const char *sep,
const char *dirsep) {
luaL_Buffer buff;
char *pathname; /* path with name inserted */
char *endpathname; /* its end */
const char *filename;
/* separator is non-empty and appears in 'name'? */
if (*sep != '\0' && strchr(name, *sep) != NULL)
name = luaL_gsub(L, name, sep, dirsep); /* replace it by 'dirsep' */
luaL_buffinit(L, &buff);
/* add path to the buffer, replacing marks ('?') with the file name */
luaL_addgsub(&buff, path, LUA_PATH_MARK, name);
luaL_addchar(&buff, '\0');
pathname = luaL_buffaddr(&buff); /* writable list of file names */
endpathname = pathname + luaL_bufflen(&buff) - 1;
while ((filename = getnextfilename(&pathname, endpathname)) != NULL) {
if (readable(filename)) /* does file exist and is readable? */
return lua_pushstring(L, filename); /* save and return name */
}
luaL_pushresult(&buff); /* push path to create error message */
pusherrornotfound(L, lua_tostring(L, -1)); /* create error message */
return NULL; /* not found */
}
static int ll_searchpath (lua_State *L) {
const char *f = searchpath(L, luaL_checkstring(L, 1),
luaL_checkstring(L, 2),
luaL_optstring(L, 3, "."),
luaL_optstring(L, 4, LUA_DIRSEP));
if (f != NULL) return 1;
else { /* error message is on top of the stack */
luaL_pushfail(L);
lua_insert(L, -2);
return 2; /* return fail + error message */
}
}
static const char *findfile (lua_State *L, const char *name,
const char *pname,
const char *dirsep) {
const char *path;
lua_getfield(L, lua_upvalueindex(1), pname);
path = lua_tostring(L, -1);
if (l_unlikely(path == NULL))
luaL_error(L, "'package.%s' must be a string", pname);
return searchpath(L, name, path, ".", dirsep);
}
static int checkload (lua_State *L, int stat, const char *filename) {
if (l_likely(stat)) { /* module loaded successfully? */
lua_pushstring(L, filename); /* will be 2nd argument to module */
return 2; /* return open function and file name */
}
else
return luaL_error(L, "error loading module '%s' from file '%s':\n\t%s",
lua_tostring(L, 1), filename, lua_tostring(L, -1));
}
static int searcher_Lua (lua_State *L) {
const char *filename;
const char *name = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
filename = findfile(L, name, "path", LUA_LSUBSEP);
if (filename == NULL) return 1; /* module not found in this path */
return checkload(L, (luaL_loadfile(L, filename) == LUA_OK), filename);
}
/*
** Try to find a load function for module 'modname' at file 'filename'.
** First, change '.' to '_' in 'modname'; then, if 'modname' has
** the form X-Y (that is, it has an "ignore mark"), build a function
** name "luaopen_X" and look for it. (For compatibility, if that
** fails, it also tries "luaopen_Y".) If there is no ignore mark,
** look for a function named "luaopen_modname".
*/
static int loadfunc (lua_State *L, const char *filename, const char *modname) {
const char *openfunc;
const char *mark;
modname = luaL_gsub(L, modname, ".", LUA_OFSEP);
mark = strchr(modname, *LUA_IGMARK);
if (mark) {
int stat;
openfunc = lua_pushlstring(L, modname, mark - modname);
openfunc = lua_pushfstring(L, LUA_POF"%s", openfunc);
stat = lookforfunc(L, filename, openfunc);
if (stat != ERRFUNC) return stat;
modname = mark + 1; /* else go ahead and try old-style name */
}
openfunc = lua_pushfstring(L, LUA_POF"%s", modname);
return lookforfunc(L, filename, openfunc);
}
static int searcher_C (lua_State *L) {
const char *name = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
const char *filename = findfile(L, name, "cpath", LUA_CSUBSEP);
if (filename == NULL) return 1; /* module not found in this path */
return checkload(L, (loadfunc(L, filename, name) == 0), filename);
}
static int searcher_Croot (lua_State *L) {
const char *filename;
const char *name = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
const char *p = strchr(name, '.');
int stat;
if (p == NULL) return 0; /* is root */
lua_pushlstring(L, name, p - name);
filename = findfile(L, lua_tostring(L, -1), "cpath", LUA_CSUBSEP);
if (filename == NULL) return 1; /* root not found */
if ((stat = loadfunc(L, filename, name)) != 0) {
if (stat != ERRFUNC)
return checkload(L, 0, filename); /* real error */
else { /* open function not found */
lua_pushfstring(L, "no module '%s' in file '%s'", name, filename);
return 1;
}
}
lua_pushstring(L, filename); /* will be 2nd argument to module */
return 2;
}
static int searcher_preload (lua_State *L) {
const char *name = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE);
if (lua_getfield(L, -1, name) == LUA_TNIL) { /* not found? */
lua_pushfstring(L, "no field package.preload['%s']", name);
return 1;
}
else {
lua_pushliteral(L, ":preload:");
return 2;
}
}
static void findloader (lua_State *L, const char *name) {
int i;
luaL_Buffer msg; /* to build error message */
/* push 'package.searchers' to index 3 in the stack */
if (l_unlikely(lua_getfield(L, lua_upvalueindex(1), "searchers")
!= LUA_TTABLE))
luaL_error(L, "'package.searchers' must be a table");
luaL_buffinit(L, &msg);
/* iterate over available searchers to find a loader */
for (i = 1; ; i++) {
luaL_addstring(&msg, "\n\t"); /* error-message prefix */
if (l_unlikely(lua_rawgeti(L, 3, i) == LUA_TNIL)) { /* no more searchers? */
lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove nil */
luaL_buffsub(&msg, 2); /* remove prefix */
luaL_pushresult(&msg); /* create error message */
luaL_error(L, "module '%s' not found:%s", name, lua_tostring(L, -1));
}
lua_pushstring(L, name);
lua_call(L, 1, 2); /* call it */
if (lua_isfunction(L, -2)) /* did it find a loader? */
return; /* module loader found */
else if (lua_isstring(L, -2)) { /* searcher returned error message? */
lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove extra return */
luaL_addvalue(&msg); /* concatenate error message */
}
else { /* no error message */
lua_pop(L, 2); /* remove both returns */
luaL_buffsub(&msg, 2); /* remove prefix */
}
}
}
static int ll_require (lua_State *L) {
const char *name = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
lua_settop(L, 1); /* LOADED table will be at index 2 */
lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_LOADED_TABLE);
lua_getfield(L, 2, name); /* LOADED[name] */
if (lua_toboolean(L, -1)) /* is it there? */
return 1; /* package is already loaded */
/* else must load package */
lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove 'getfield' result */
findloader(L, name);
lua_rotate(L, -2, 1); /* function <-> loader data */
lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* name is 1st argument to module loader */
lua_pushvalue(L, -3); /* loader data is 2nd argument */
/* stack: ...; loader data; loader function; mod. name; loader data */
lua_call(L, 2, 1); /* run loader to load module */
/* stack: ...; loader data; result from loader */
if (!lua_isnil(L, -1)) /* non-nil return? */
lua_setfield(L, 2, name); /* LOADED[name] = returned value */
else
lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop nil */
if (lua_getfield(L, 2, name) == LUA_TNIL) { /* module set no value? */
lua_pushboolean(L, 1); /* use true as result */
lua_copy(L, -1, -2); /* replace loader result */
lua_setfield(L, 2, name); /* LOADED[name] = true */
}
lua_rotate(L, -2, 1); /* loader data <-> module result */
return 2; /* return module result and loader data */
}
/* }====================================================== */
static const luaL_Reg pk_funcs[] = {
{"loadlib", ll_loadlib},
{"searchpath", ll_searchpath},
/* placeholders */
{"preload", NULL},
{"cpath", NULL},
{"path", NULL},
{"searchers", NULL},
{"loaded", NULL},
{NULL, NULL}
};
static const luaL_Reg ll_funcs[] = {
{"require", ll_require},
{NULL, NULL}
};
static void createsearcherstable (lua_State *L) {
static const lua_CFunction searchers[] = {
searcher_preload,
searcher_Lua,
searcher_C,
searcher_Croot,
NULL
};
int i;
/* create 'searchers' table */
lua_createtable(L, sizeof(searchers)/sizeof(searchers[0]) - 1, 0);
/* fill it with predefined searchers */
for (i=0; searchers[i] != NULL; i++) {
lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* set 'package' as upvalue for all searchers */
lua_pushcclosure(L, searchers[i], 1);
lua_rawseti(L, -2, i+1);
}
lua_setfield(L, -2, "searchers"); /* put it in field 'searchers' */
}
/*
** create table CLIBS to keep track of loaded C libraries,
** setting a finalizer to close all libraries when closing state.
*/
static void createclibstable (lua_State *L) {
luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, CLIBS); /* create CLIBS table */
lua_createtable(L, 0, 1); /* create metatable for CLIBS */
lua_pushcfunction(L, gctm);
lua_setfield(L, -2, "__gc"); /* set finalizer for CLIBS table */
lua_setmetatable(L, -2);
}
LUAMOD_API int luaopen_package (lua_State *L) {
createclibstable(L);
luaL_newlib(L, pk_funcs); /* create 'package' table */
createsearcherstable(L);
/* set paths */
setpath(L, "path", LUA_PATH_VAR, LUA_PATH_DEFAULT);
setpath(L, "cpath", LUA_CPATH_VAR, LUA_CPATH_DEFAULT);
/* store config information */
lua_pushliteral(L, LUA_DIRSEP "\n" LUA_PATH_SEP "\n" LUA_PATH_MARK "\n"
LUA_EXEC_DIR "\n" LUA_IGMARK "\n");
lua_setfield(L, -2, "config");
/* set field 'loaded' */
luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_LOADED_TABLE);
lua_setfield(L, -2, "loaded");
/* set field 'preload' */
luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE);
lua_setfield(L, -2, "preload");
lua_pushglobaltable(L);
lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* set 'package' as upvalue for next lib */
luaL_setfuncs(L, ll_funcs, 1); /* open lib into global table */
lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop global table */
return 1; /* return 'package' table */
}

602
06/lua-5.4.6/src/lobject.c Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,602 @@
/*
** $Id: lobject.c $
** Some generic functions over Lua objects
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#define lobject_c
#define LUA_CORE
#include "lprefix.h"
#include <locale.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "lua.h"
#include "lctype.h"
#include "ldebug.h"
#include "ldo.h"
#include "lmem.h"
#include "lobject.h"
#include "lstate.h"
#include "lstring.h"
#include "lvm.h"
/*
** Computes ceil(log2(x))
*/
int luaO_ceillog2 (unsigned int x) {
static const lu_byte log_2[256] = { /* log_2[i] = ceil(log2(i - 1)) */
0,1,2,2,3,3,3,3,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,
6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,
7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,
7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,
8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,
8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,
8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,
8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8
};
int l = 0;
x--;
while (x >= 256) { l += 8; x >>= 8; }
return l + log_2[x];
}
static lua_Integer intarith (lua_State *L, int op, lua_Integer v1,
lua_Integer v2) {
switch (op) {
case LUA_OPADD: return intop(+, v1, v2);
case LUA_OPSUB:return intop(-, v1, v2);
case LUA_OPMUL:return intop(*, v1, v2);
case LUA_OPMOD: return luaV_mod(L, v1, v2);
case LUA_OPIDIV: return luaV_idiv(L, v1, v2);
case LUA_OPBAND: return intop(&, v1, v2);
case LUA_OPBOR: return intop(|, v1, v2);
case LUA_OPBXOR: return intop(^, v1, v2);
case LUA_OPSHL: return luaV_shiftl(v1, v2);
case LUA_OPSHR: return luaV_shiftr(v1, v2);
case LUA_OPUNM: return intop(-, 0, v1);
case LUA_OPBNOT: return intop(^, ~l_castS2U(0), v1);
default: lua_assert(0); return 0;
}
}
static lua_Number numarith (lua_State *L, int op, lua_Number v1,
lua_Number v2) {
switch (op) {
case LUA_OPADD: return luai_numadd(L, v1, v2);
case LUA_OPSUB: return luai_numsub(L, v1, v2);
case LUA_OPMUL: return luai_nummul(L, v1, v2);
case LUA_OPDIV: return luai_numdiv(L, v1, v2);
case LUA_OPPOW: return luai_numpow(L, v1, v2);
case LUA_OPIDIV: return luai_numidiv(L, v1, v2);
case LUA_OPUNM: return luai_numunm(L, v1);
case LUA_OPMOD: return luaV_modf(L, v1, v2);
default: lua_assert(0); return 0;
}
}
int luaO_rawarith (lua_State *L, int op, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2,
TValue *res) {
switch (op) {
case LUA_OPBAND: case LUA_OPBOR: case LUA_OPBXOR:
case LUA_OPSHL: case LUA_OPSHR:
case LUA_OPBNOT: { /* operate only on integers */
lua_Integer i1; lua_Integer i2;
if (tointegerns(p1, &i1) && tointegerns(p2, &i2)) {
setivalue(res, intarith(L, op, i1, i2));
return 1;
}
else return 0; /* fail */
}
case LUA_OPDIV: case LUA_OPPOW: { /* operate only on floats */
lua_Number n1; lua_Number n2;
if (tonumberns(p1, n1) && tonumberns(p2, n2)) {
setfltvalue(res, numarith(L, op, n1, n2));
return 1;
}
else return 0; /* fail */
}
default: { /* other operations */
lua_Number n1; lua_Number n2;
if (ttisinteger(p1) && ttisinteger(p2)) {
setivalue(res, intarith(L, op, ivalue(p1), ivalue(p2)));
return 1;
}
else if (tonumberns(p1, n1) && tonumberns(p2, n2)) {
setfltvalue(res, numarith(L, op, n1, n2));
return 1;
}
else return 0; /* fail */
}
}
}
void luaO_arith (lua_State *L, int op, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2,
StkId res) {
if (!luaO_rawarith(L, op, p1, p2, s2v(res))) {
/* could not perform raw operation; try metamethod */
luaT_trybinTM(L, p1, p2, res, cast(TMS, (op - LUA_OPADD) + TM_ADD));
}
}
int luaO_hexavalue (int c) {
if (lisdigit(c)) return c - '0';
else return (ltolower(c) - 'a') + 10;
}
static int isneg (const char **s) {
if (**s == '-') { (*s)++; return 1; }
else if (**s == '+') (*s)++;
return 0;
}
/*
** {==================================================================
** Lua's implementation for 'lua_strx2number'
** ===================================================================
*/
#if !defined(lua_strx2number)
/* maximum number of significant digits to read (to avoid overflows
even with single floats) */
#define MAXSIGDIG 30
/*
** convert a hexadecimal numeric string to a number, following
** C99 specification for 'strtod'
*/
static lua_Number lua_strx2number (const char *s, char **endptr) {
int dot = lua_getlocaledecpoint();
lua_Number r = l_mathop(0.0); /* result (accumulator) */
int sigdig = 0; /* number of significant digits */
int nosigdig = 0; /* number of non-significant digits */
int e = 0; /* exponent correction */
int neg; /* 1 if number is negative */
int hasdot = 0; /* true after seen a dot */
*endptr = cast_charp(s); /* nothing is valid yet */
while (lisspace(cast_uchar(*s))) s++; /* skip initial spaces */
neg = isneg(&s); /* check sign */
if (!(*s == '0' && (*(s + 1) == 'x' || *(s + 1) == 'X'))) /* check '0x' */
return l_mathop(0.0); /* invalid format (no '0x') */
for (s += 2; ; s++) { /* skip '0x' and read numeral */
if (*s == dot) {
if (hasdot) break; /* second dot? stop loop */
else hasdot = 1;
}
else if (lisxdigit(cast_uchar(*s))) {
if (sigdig == 0 && *s == '0') /* non-significant digit (zero)? */
nosigdig++;
else if (++sigdig <= MAXSIGDIG) /* can read it without overflow? */
r = (r * l_mathop(16.0)) + luaO_hexavalue(*s);
else e++; /* too many digits; ignore, but still count for exponent */
if (hasdot) e--; /* decimal digit? correct exponent */
}
else break; /* neither a dot nor a digit */
}
if (nosigdig + sigdig == 0) /* no digits? */
return l_mathop(0.0); /* invalid format */
*endptr = cast_charp(s); /* valid up to here */
e *= 4; /* each digit multiplies/divides value by 2^4 */
if (*s == 'p' || *s == 'P') { /* exponent part? */
int exp1 = 0; /* exponent value */
int neg1; /* exponent sign */
s++; /* skip 'p' */
neg1 = isneg(&s); /* sign */
if (!lisdigit(cast_uchar(*s)))
return l_mathop(0.0); /* invalid; must have at least one digit */
while (lisdigit(cast_uchar(*s))) /* read exponent */
exp1 = exp1 * 10 + *(s++) - '0';
if (neg1) exp1 = -exp1;
e += exp1;
*endptr = cast_charp(s); /* valid up to here */
}
if (neg) r = -r;
return l_mathop(ldexp)(r, e);
}
#endif
/* }====================================================== */
/* maximum length of a numeral to be converted to a number */
#if !defined (L_MAXLENNUM)
#define L_MAXLENNUM 200
#endif
/*
** Convert string 's' to a Lua number (put in 'result'). Return NULL on
** fail or the address of the ending '\0' on success. ('mode' == 'x')
** means a hexadecimal numeral.
*/
static const char *l_str2dloc (const char *s, lua_Number *result, int mode) {
char *endptr;
*result = (mode == 'x') ? lua_strx2number(s, &endptr) /* try to convert */
: lua_str2number(s, &endptr);
if (endptr == s) return NULL; /* nothing recognized? */
while (lisspace(cast_uchar(*endptr))) endptr++; /* skip trailing spaces */
return (*endptr == '\0') ? endptr : NULL; /* OK iff no trailing chars */
}
/*
** Convert string 's' to a Lua number (put in 'result') handling the
** current locale.
** This function accepts both the current locale or a dot as the radix
** mark. If the conversion fails, it may mean number has a dot but
** locale accepts something else. In that case, the code copies 's'
** to a buffer (because 's' is read-only), changes the dot to the
** current locale radix mark, and tries to convert again.
** The variable 'mode' checks for special characters in the string:
** - 'n' means 'inf' or 'nan' (which should be rejected)
** - 'x' means a hexadecimal numeral
** - '.' just optimizes the search for the common case (no special chars)
*/
static const char *l_str2d (const char *s, lua_Number *result) {
const char *endptr;
const char *pmode = strpbrk(s, ".xXnN"); /* look for special chars */
int mode = pmode ? ltolower(cast_uchar(*pmode)) : 0;
if (mode == 'n') /* reject 'inf' and 'nan' */
return NULL;
endptr = l_str2dloc(s, result, mode); /* try to convert */
if (endptr == NULL) { /* failed? may be a different locale */
char buff[L_MAXLENNUM + 1];
const char *pdot = strchr(s, '.');
if (pdot == NULL || strlen(s) > L_MAXLENNUM)
return NULL; /* string too long or no dot; fail */
strcpy(buff, s); /* copy string to buffer */
buff[pdot - s] = lua_getlocaledecpoint(); /* correct decimal point */
endptr = l_str2dloc(buff, result, mode); /* try again */
if (endptr != NULL)
endptr = s + (endptr - buff); /* make relative to 's' */
}
return endptr;
}
#define MAXBY10 cast(lua_Unsigned, LUA_MAXINTEGER / 10)
#define MAXLASTD cast_int(LUA_MAXINTEGER % 10)
static const char *l_str2int (const char *s, lua_Integer *result) {
lua_Unsigned a = 0;
int empty = 1;
int neg;
while (lisspace(cast_uchar(*s))) s++; /* skip initial spaces */
neg = isneg(&s);
if (s[0] == '0' &&
(s[1] == 'x' || s[1] == 'X')) { /* hex? */
s += 2; /* skip '0x' */
for (; lisxdigit(cast_uchar(*s)); s++) {
a = a * 16 + luaO_hexavalue(*s);
empty = 0;
}
}
else { /* decimal */
for (; lisdigit(cast_uchar(*s)); s++) {
int d = *s - '0';
if (a >= MAXBY10 && (a > MAXBY10 || d > MAXLASTD + neg)) /* overflow? */
return NULL; /* do not accept it (as integer) */
a = a * 10 + d;
empty = 0;
}
}
while (lisspace(cast_uchar(*s))) s++; /* skip trailing spaces */
if (empty || *s != '\0') return NULL; /* something wrong in the numeral */
else {
*result = l_castU2S((neg) ? 0u - a : a);
return s;
}
}
size_t luaO_str2num (const char *s, TValue *o) {
lua_Integer i; lua_Number n;
const char *e;
if ((e = l_str2int(s, &i)) != NULL) { /* try as an integer */
setivalue(o, i);
}
else if ((e = l_str2d(s, &n)) != NULL) { /* else try as a float */
setfltvalue(o, n);
}
else
return 0; /* conversion failed */
return (e - s) + 1; /* success; return string size */
}
int luaO_utf8esc (char *buff, unsigned long x) {
int n = 1; /* number of bytes put in buffer (backwards) */
lua_assert(x <= 0x7FFFFFFFu);
if (x < 0x80) /* ascii? */
buff[UTF8BUFFSZ - 1] = cast_char(x);
else { /* need continuation bytes */
unsigned int mfb = 0x3f; /* maximum that fits in first byte */
do { /* add continuation bytes */
buff[UTF8BUFFSZ - (n++)] = cast_char(0x80 | (x & 0x3f));
x >>= 6; /* remove added bits */
mfb >>= 1; /* now there is one less bit available in first byte */
} while (x > mfb); /* still needs continuation byte? */
buff[UTF8BUFFSZ - n] = cast_char((~mfb << 1) | x); /* add first byte */
}
return n;
}
/*
** Maximum length of the conversion of a number to a string. Must be
** enough to accommodate both LUA_INTEGER_FMT and LUA_NUMBER_FMT.
** (For a long long int, this is 19 digits plus a sign and a final '\0',
** adding to 21. For a long double, it can go to a sign, 33 digits,
** the dot, an exponent letter, an exponent sign, 5 exponent digits,
** and a final '\0', adding to 43.)
*/
#define MAXNUMBER2STR 44
/*
** Convert a number object to a string, adding it to a buffer
*/
static int tostringbuff (TValue *obj, char *buff) {
int len;
lua_assert(ttisnumber(obj));
if (ttisinteger(obj))
len = lua_integer2str(buff, MAXNUMBER2STR, ivalue(obj));
else {
len = lua_number2str(buff, MAXNUMBER2STR, fltvalue(obj));
if (buff[strspn(buff, "-0123456789")] == '\0') { /* looks like an int? */
buff[len++] = lua_getlocaledecpoint();
buff[len++] = '0'; /* adds '.0' to result */
}
}
return len;
}
/*
** Convert a number object to a Lua string, replacing the value at 'obj'
*/
void luaO_tostring (lua_State *L, TValue *obj) {
char buff[MAXNUMBER2STR];
int len = tostringbuff(obj, buff);
setsvalue(L, obj, luaS_newlstr(L, buff, len));
}
/*
** {==================================================================
** 'luaO_pushvfstring'
** ===================================================================
*/
/*
** Size for buffer space used by 'luaO_pushvfstring'. It should be
** (LUA_IDSIZE + MAXNUMBER2STR) + a minimal space for basic messages,
** so that 'luaG_addinfo' can work directly on the buffer.
*/
#define BUFVFS (LUA_IDSIZE + MAXNUMBER2STR + 95)
/* buffer used by 'luaO_pushvfstring' */
typedef struct BuffFS {
lua_State *L;
int pushed; /* true if there is a part of the result on the stack */
int blen; /* length of partial string in 'space' */
char space[BUFVFS]; /* holds last part of the result */
} BuffFS;
/*
** Push given string to the stack, as part of the result, and
** join it to previous partial result if there is one.
** It may call 'luaV_concat' while using one slot from EXTRA_STACK.
** This call cannot invoke metamethods, as both operands must be
** strings. It can, however, raise an error if the result is too
** long. In that case, 'luaV_concat' frees the extra slot before
** raising the error.
*/
static void pushstr (BuffFS *buff, const char *str, size_t lstr) {
lua_State *L = buff->L;
setsvalue2s(L, L->top.p, luaS_newlstr(L, str, lstr));
L->top.p++; /* may use one slot from EXTRA_STACK */
if (!buff->pushed) /* no previous string on the stack? */
buff->pushed = 1; /* now there is one */
else /* join previous string with new one */
luaV_concat(L, 2);
}
/*
** empty the buffer space into the stack
*/
static void clearbuff (BuffFS *buff) {
pushstr(buff, buff->space, buff->blen); /* push buffer contents */
buff->blen = 0; /* space now is empty */
}
/*
** Get a space of size 'sz' in the buffer. If buffer has not enough
** space, empty it. 'sz' must fit in an empty buffer.
*/
static char *getbuff (BuffFS *buff, int sz) {
lua_assert(buff->blen <= BUFVFS); lua_assert(sz <= BUFVFS);
if (sz > BUFVFS - buff->blen) /* not enough space? */
clearbuff(buff);
return buff->space + buff->blen;
}
#define addsize(b,sz) ((b)->blen += (sz))
/*
** Add 'str' to the buffer. If string is larger than the buffer space,
** push the string directly to the stack.
*/
static void addstr2buff (BuffFS *buff, const char *str, size_t slen) {
if (slen <= BUFVFS) { /* does string fit into buffer? */
char *bf = getbuff(buff, cast_int(slen));
memcpy(bf, str, slen); /* add string to buffer */
addsize(buff, cast_int(slen));
}
else { /* string larger than buffer */
clearbuff(buff); /* string comes after buffer's content */
pushstr(buff, str, slen); /* push string */
}
}
/*
** Add a numeral to the buffer.
*/
static void addnum2buff (BuffFS *buff, TValue *num) {
char *numbuff = getbuff(buff, MAXNUMBER2STR);
int len = tostringbuff(num, numbuff); /* format number into 'numbuff' */
addsize(buff, len);
}
/*
** this function handles only '%d', '%c', '%f', '%p', '%s', and '%%'
conventional formats, plus Lua-specific '%I' and '%U'
*/
const char *luaO_pushvfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, va_list argp) {
BuffFS buff; /* holds last part of the result */
const char *e; /* points to next '%' */
buff.pushed = buff.blen = 0;
buff.L = L;
while ((e = strchr(fmt, '%')) != NULL) {
addstr2buff(&buff, fmt, e - fmt); /* add 'fmt' up to '%' */
switch (*(e + 1)) { /* conversion specifier */
case 's': { /* zero-terminated string */
const char *s = va_arg(argp, char *);
if (s == NULL) s = "(null)";
addstr2buff(&buff, s, strlen(s));
break;
}
case 'c': { /* an 'int' as a character */
char c = cast_uchar(va_arg(argp, int));
addstr2buff(&buff, &c, sizeof(char));
break;
}
case 'd': { /* an 'int' */
TValue num;
setivalue(&num, va_arg(argp, int));
addnum2buff(&buff, &num);
break;
}
case 'I': { /* a 'lua_Integer' */
TValue num;
setivalue(&num, cast(lua_Integer, va_arg(argp, l_uacInt)));
addnum2buff(&buff, &num);
break;
}
case 'f': { /* a 'lua_Number' */
TValue num;
setfltvalue(&num, cast_num(va_arg(argp, l_uacNumber)));
addnum2buff(&buff, &num);
break;
}
case 'p': { /* a pointer */
const int sz = 3 * sizeof(void*) + 8; /* enough space for '%p' */
char *bf = getbuff(&buff, sz);
void *p = va_arg(argp, void *);
int len = lua_pointer2str(bf, sz, p);
addsize(&buff, len);
break;
}
case 'U': { /* a 'long' as a UTF-8 sequence */
char bf[UTF8BUFFSZ];
int len = luaO_utf8esc(bf, va_arg(argp, long));
addstr2buff(&buff, bf + UTF8BUFFSZ - len, len);
break;
}
case '%': {
addstr2buff(&buff, "%", 1);
break;
}
default: {
luaG_runerror(L, "invalid option '%%%c' to 'lua_pushfstring'",
*(e + 1));
}
}
fmt = e + 2; /* skip '%' and the specifier */
}
addstr2buff(&buff, fmt, strlen(fmt)); /* rest of 'fmt' */
clearbuff(&buff); /* empty buffer into the stack */
lua_assert(buff.pushed == 1);
return svalue(s2v(L->top.p - 1));
}
const char *luaO_pushfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...) {
const char *msg;
va_list argp;
va_start(argp, fmt);
msg = luaO_pushvfstring(L, fmt, argp);
va_end(argp);
return msg;
}
/* }================================================================== */
#define RETS "..."
#define PRE "[string \""
#define POS "\"]"
#define addstr(a,b,l) ( memcpy(a,b,(l) * sizeof(char)), a += (l) )
void luaO_chunkid (char *out, const char *source, size_t srclen) {
size_t bufflen = LUA_IDSIZE; /* free space in buffer */
if (*source == '=') { /* 'literal' source */
if (srclen <= bufflen) /* small enough? */
memcpy(out, source + 1, srclen * sizeof(char));
else { /* truncate it */
addstr(out, source + 1, bufflen - 1);
*out = '\0';
}
}
else if (*source == '@') { /* file name */
if (srclen <= bufflen) /* small enough? */
memcpy(out, source + 1, srclen * sizeof(char));
else { /* add '...' before rest of name */
addstr(out, RETS, LL(RETS));
bufflen -= LL(RETS);
memcpy(out, source + 1 + srclen - bufflen, bufflen * sizeof(char));
}
}
else { /* string; format as [string "source"] */
const char *nl = strchr(source, '\n'); /* find first new line (if any) */
addstr(out, PRE, LL(PRE)); /* add prefix */
bufflen -= LL(PRE RETS POS) + 1; /* save space for prefix+suffix+'\0' */
if (srclen < bufflen && nl == NULL) { /* small one-line source? */
addstr(out, source, srclen); /* keep it */
}
else {
if (nl != NULL) srclen = nl - source; /* stop at first newline */
if (srclen > bufflen) srclen = bufflen;
addstr(out, source, srclen);
addstr(out, RETS, LL(RETS));
}
memcpy(out, POS, (LL(POS) + 1) * sizeof(char));
}
}

815
06/lua-5.4.6/src/lobject.h Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,815 @@
/*
** $Id: lobject.h $
** Type definitions for Lua objects
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#ifndef lobject_h
#define lobject_h
#include <stdarg.h>
#include "llimits.h"
#include "lua.h"
/*
** Extra types for collectable non-values
*/
#define LUA_TUPVAL LUA_NUMTYPES /* upvalues */
#define LUA_TPROTO (LUA_NUMTYPES+1) /* function prototypes */
#define LUA_TDEADKEY (LUA_NUMTYPES+2) /* removed keys in tables */
/*
** number of all possible types (including LUA_TNONE but excluding DEADKEY)
*/
#define LUA_TOTALTYPES (LUA_TPROTO + 2)
/*
** tags for Tagged Values have the following use of bits:
** bits 0-3: actual tag (a LUA_T* constant)
** bits 4-5: variant bits
** bit 6: whether value is collectable
*/
/* add variant bits to a type */
#define makevariant(t,v) ((t) | ((v) << 4))
/*
** Union of all Lua values
*/
typedef union Value {
struct GCObject *gc; /* collectable objects */
void *p; /* light userdata */
lua_CFunction f; /* light C functions */
lua_Integer i; /* integer numbers */
lua_Number n; /* float numbers */
/* not used, but may avoid warnings for uninitialized value */
lu_byte ub;
} Value;
/*
** Tagged Values. This is the basic representation of values in Lua:
** an actual value plus a tag with its type.
*/
#define TValuefields Value value_; lu_byte tt_
typedef struct TValue {
TValuefields;
} TValue;
#define val_(o) ((o)->value_)
#define valraw(o) (val_(o))
/* raw type tag of a TValue */
#define rawtt(o) ((o)->tt_)
/* tag with no variants (bits 0-3) */
#define novariant(t) ((t) & 0x0F)
/* type tag of a TValue (bits 0-3 for tags + variant bits 4-5) */
#define withvariant(t) ((t) & 0x3F)
#define ttypetag(o) withvariant(rawtt(o))
/* type of a TValue */
#define ttype(o) (novariant(rawtt(o)))
/* Macros to test type */
#define checktag(o,t) (rawtt(o) == (t))
#define checktype(o,t) (ttype(o) == (t))
/* Macros for internal tests */
/* collectable object has the same tag as the original value */
#define righttt(obj) (ttypetag(obj) == gcvalue(obj)->tt)
/*
** Any value being manipulated by the program either is non
** collectable, or the collectable object has the right tag
** and it is not dead. The option 'L == NULL' allows other
** macros using this one to be used where L is not available.
*/
#define checkliveness(L,obj) \
((void)L, lua_longassert(!iscollectable(obj) || \
(righttt(obj) && (L == NULL || !isdead(G(L),gcvalue(obj))))))
/* Macros to set values */
/* set a value's tag */
#define settt_(o,t) ((o)->tt_=(t))
/* main macro to copy values (from 'obj2' to 'obj1') */
#define setobj(L,obj1,obj2) \
{ TValue *io1=(obj1); const TValue *io2=(obj2); \
io1->value_ = io2->value_; settt_(io1, io2->tt_); \
checkliveness(L,io1); lua_assert(!isnonstrictnil(io1)); }
/*
** Different types of assignments, according to source and destination.
** (They are mostly equal now, but may be different in the future.)
*/
/* from stack to stack */
#define setobjs2s(L,o1,o2) setobj(L,s2v(o1),s2v(o2))
/* to stack (not from same stack) */
#define setobj2s(L,o1,o2) setobj(L,s2v(o1),o2)
/* from table to same table */
#define setobjt2t setobj
/* to new object */
#define setobj2n setobj
/* to table */
#define setobj2t setobj
/*
** Entries in a Lua stack. Field 'tbclist' forms a list of all
** to-be-closed variables active in this stack. Dummy entries are
** used when the distance between two tbc variables does not fit
** in an unsigned short. They are represented by delta==0, and
** their real delta is always the maximum value that fits in
** that field.
*/
typedef union StackValue {
TValue val;
struct {
TValuefields;
unsigned short delta;
} tbclist;
} StackValue;
/* index to stack elements */
typedef StackValue *StkId;
/*
** When reallocating the stack, change all pointers to the stack into
** proper offsets.
*/
typedef union {
StkId p; /* actual pointer */
ptrdiff_t offset; /* used while the stack is being reallocated */
} StkIdRel;
/* convert a 'StackValue' to a 'TValue' */
#define s2v(o) (&(o)->val)
/*
** {==================================================================
** Nil
** ===================================================================
*/
/* Standard nil */
#define LUA_VNIL makevariant(LUA_TNIL, 0)
/* Empty slot (which might be different from a slot containing nil) */
#define LUA_VEMPTY makevariant(LUA_TNIL, 1)
/* Value returned for a key not found in a table (absent key) */
#define LUA_VABSTKEY makevariant(LUA_TNIL, 2)
/* macro to test for (any kind of) nil */
#define ttisnil(v) checktype((v), LUA_TNIL)
/* macro to test for a standard nil */
#define ttisstrictnil(o) checktag((o), LUA_VNIL)
#define setnilvalue(obj) settt_(obj, LUA_VNIL)
#define isabstkey(v) checktag((v), LUA_VABSTKEY)
/*
** macro to detect non-standard nils (used only in assertions)
*/
#define isnonstrictnil(v) (ttisnil(v) && !ttisstrictnil(v))
/*
** By default, entries with any kind of nil are considered empty.
** (In any definition, values associated with absent keys must also
** be accepted as empty.)
*/
#define isempty(v) ttisnil(v)
/* macro defining a value corresponding to an absent key */
#define ABSTKEYCONSTANT {NULL}, LUA_VABSTKEY
/* mark an entry as empty */
#define setempty(v) settt_(v, LUA_VEMPTY)
/* }================================================================== */
/*
** {==================================================================
** Booleans
** ===================================================================
*/
#define LUA_VFALSE makevariant(LUA_TBOOLEAN, 0)
#define LUA_VTRUE makevariant(LUA_TBOOLEAN, 1)
#define ttisboolean(o) checktype((o), LUA_TBOOLEAN)
#define ttisfalse(o) checktag((o), LUA_VFALSE)
#define ttistrue(o) checktag((o), LUA_VTRUE)
#define l_isfalse(o) (ttisfalse(o) || ttisnil(o))
#define setbfvalue(obj) settt_(obj, LUA_VFALSE)
#define setbtvalue(obj) settt_(obj, LUA_VTRUE)
/* }================================================================== */
/*
** {==================================================================
** Threads
** ===================================================================
*/
#define LUA_VTHREAD makevariant(LUA_TTHREAD, 0)
#define ttisthread(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VTHREAD))
#define thvalue(o) check_exp(ttisthread(o), gco2th(val_(o).gc))
#define setthvalue(L,obj,x) \
{ TValue *io = (obj); lua_State *x_ = (x); \
val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_VTHREAD)); \
checkliveness(L,io); }
#define setthvalue2s(L,o,t) setthvalue(L,s2v(o),t)
/* }================================================================== */
/*
** {==================================================================
** Collectable Objects
** ===================================================================
*/
/*
** Common Header for all collectable objects (in macro form, to be
** included in other objects)
*/
#define CommonHeader struct GCObject *next; lu_byte tt; lu_byte marked
/* Common type for all collectable objects */
typedef struct GCObject {
CommonHeader;
} GCObject;
/* Bit mark for collectable types */
#define BIT_ISCOLLECTABLE (1 << 6)
#define iscollectable(o) (rawtt(o) & BIT_ISCOLLECTABLE)
/* mark a tag as collectable */
#define ctb(t) ((t) | BIT_ISCOLLECTABLE)
#define gcvalue(o) check_exp(iscollectable(o), val_(o).gc)
#define gcvalueraw(v) ((v).gc)
#define setgcovalue(L,obj,x) \
{ TValue *io = (obj); GCObject *i_g=(x); \
val_(io).gc = i_g; settt_(io, ctb(i_g->tt)); }
/* }================================================================== */
/*
** {==================================================================
** Numbers
** ===================================================================
*/
/* Variant tags for numbers */
#define LUA_VNUMINT makevariant(LUA_TNUMBER, 0) /* integer numbers */
#define LUA_VNUMFLT makevariant(LUA_TNUMBER, 1) /* float numbers */
#define ttisnumber(o) checktype((o), LUA_TNUMBER)
#define ttisfloat(o) checktag((o), LUA_VNUMFLT)
#define ttisinteger(o) checktag((o), LUA_VNUMINT)
#define nvalue(o) check_exp(ttisnumber(o), \
(ttisinteger(o) ? cast_num(ivalue(o)) : fltvalue(o)))
#define fltvalue(o) check_exp(ttisfloat(o), val_(o).n)
#define ivalue(o) check_exp(ttisinteger(o), val_(o).i)
#define fltvalueraw(v) ((v).n)
#define ivalueraw(v) ((v).i)
#define setfltvalue(obj,x) \
{ TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).n=(x); settt_(io, LUA_VNUMFLT); }
#define chgfltvalue(obj,x) \
{ TValue *io=(obj); lua_assert(ttisfloat(io)); val_(io).n=(x); }
#define setivalue(obj,x) \
{ TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).i=(x); settt_(io, LUA_VNUMINT); }
#define chgivalue(obj,x) \
{ TValue *io=(obj); lua_assert(ttisinteger(io)); val_(io).i=(x); }
/* }================================================================== */
/*
** {==================================================================
** Strings
** ===================================================================
*/
/* Variant tags for strings */
#define LUA_VSHRSTR makevariant(LUA_TSTRING, 0) /* short strings */
#define LUA_VLNGSTR makevariant(LUA_TSTRING, 1) /* long strings */
#define ttisstring(o) checktype((o), LUA_TSTRING)
#define ttisshrstring(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VSHRSTR))
#define ttislngstring(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VLNGSTR))
#define tsvalueraw(v) (gco2ts((v).gc))
#define tsvalue(o) check_exp(ttisstring(o), gco2ts(val_(o).gc))
#define setsvalue(L,obj,x) \
{ TValue *io = (obj); TString *x_ = (x); \
val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(x_->tt)); \
checkliveness(L,io); }
/* set a string to the stack */
#define setsvalue2s(L,o,s) setsvalue(L,s2v(o),s)
/* set a string to a new object */
#define setsvalue2n setsvalue
/*
** Header for a string value.
*/
typedef struct TString {
CommonHeader;
lu_byte extra; /* reserved words for short strings; "has hash" for longs */
lu_byte shrlen; /* length for short strings */
unsigned int hash;
union {
size_t lnglen; /* length for long strings */
struct TString *hnext; /* linked list for hash table */
} u;
char contents[1];
} TString;
/*
** Get the actual string (array of bytes) from a 'TString'.
*/
#define getstr(ts) ((ts)->contents)
/* get the actual string (array of bytes) from a Lua value */
#define svalue(o) getstr(tsvalue(o))
/* get string length from 'TString *s' */
#define tsslen(s) ((s)->tt == LUA_VSHRSTR ? (s)->shrlen : (s)->u.lnglen)
/* get string length from 'TValue *o' */
#define vslen(o) tsslen(tsvalue(o))
/* }================================================================== */
/*
** {==================================================================
** Userdata
** ===================================================================
*/
/*
** Light userdata should be a variant of userdata, but for compatibility
** reasons they are also different types.
*/
#define LUA_VLIGHTUSERDATA makevariant(LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA, 0)
#define LUA_VUSERDATA makevariant(LUA_TUSERDATA, 0)
#define ttislightuserdata(o) checktag((o), LUA_VLIGHTUSERDATA)
#define ttisfulluserdata(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VUSERDATA))
#define pvalue(o) check_exp(ttislightuserdata(o), val_(o).p)
#define uvalue(o) check_exp(ttisfulluserdata(o), gco2u(val_(o).gc))
#define pvalueraw(v) ((v).p)
#define setpvalue(obj,x) \
{ TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).p=(x); settt_(io, LUA_VLIGHTUSERDATA); }
#define setuvalue(L,obj,x) \
{ TValue *io = (obj); Udata *x_ = (x); \
val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_VUSERDATA)); \
checkliveness(L,io); }
/* Ensures that addresses after this type are always fully aligned. */
typedef union UValue {
TValue uv;
LUAI_MAXALIGN; /* ensures maximum alignment for udata bytes */
} UValue;
/*
** Header for userdata with user values;
** memory area follows the end of this structure.
*/
typedef struct Udata {
CommonHeader;
unsigned short nuvalue; /* number of user values */
size_t len; /* number of bytes */
struct Table *metatable;
GCObject *gclist;
UValue uv[1]; /* user values */
} Udata;
/*
** Header for userdata with no user values. These userdata do not need
** to be gray during GC, and therefore do not need a 'gclist' field.
** To simplify, the code always use 'Udata' for both kinds of userdata,
** making sure it never accesses 'gclist' on userdata with no user values.
** This structure here is used only to compute the correct size for
** this representation. (The 'bindata' field in its end ensures correct
** alignment for binary data following this header.)
*/
typedef struct Udata0 {
CommonHeader;
unsigned short nuvalue; /* number of user values */
size_t len; /* number of bytes */
struct Table *metatable;
union {LUAI_MAXALIGN;} bindata;
} Udata0;
/* compute the offset of the memory area of a userdata */
#define udatamemoffset(nuv) \
((nuv) == 0 ? offsetof(Udata0, bindata) \
: offsetof(Udata, uv) + (sizeof(UValue) * (nuv)))
/* get the address of the memory block inside 'Udata' */
#define getudatamem(u) (cast_charp(u) + udatamemoffset((u)->nuvalue))
/* compute the size of a userdata */
#define sizeudata(nuv,nb) (udatamemoffset(nuv) + (nb))
/* }================================================================== */
/*
** {==================================================================
** Prototypes
** ===================================================================
*/
#define LUA_VPROTO makevariant(LUA_TPROTO, 0)
/*
** Description of an upvalue for function prototypes
*/
typedef struct Upvaldesc {
TString *name; /* upvalue name (for debug information) */
lu_byte instack; /* whether it is in stack (register) */
lu_byte idx; /* index of upvalue (in stack or in outer function's list) */
lu_byte kind; /* kind of corresponding variable */
} Upvaldesc;
/*
** Description of a local variable for function prototypes
** (used for debug information)
*/
typedef struct LocVar {
TString *varname;
int startpc; /* first point where variable is active */
int endpc; /* first point where variable is dead */
} LocVar;
/*
** Associates the absolute line source for a given instruction ('pc').
** The array 'lineinfo' gives, for each instruction, the difference in
** lines from the previous instruction. When that difference does not
** fit into a byte, Lua saves the absolute line for that instruction.
** (Lua also saves the absolute line periodically, to speed up the
** computation of a line number: we can use binary search in the
** absolute-line array, but we must traverse the 'lineinfo' array
** linearly to compute a line.)
*/
typedef struct AbsLineInfo {
int pc;
int line;
} AbsLineInfo;
/*
** Function Prototypes
*/
typedef struct Proto {
CommonHeader;
lu_byte numparams; /* number of fixed (named) parameters */
lu_byte is_vararg;
lu_byte maxstacksize; /* number of registers needed by this function */
int sizeupvalues; /* size of 'upvalues' */
int sizek; /* size of 'k' */
int sizecode;
int sizelineinfo;
int sizep; /* size of 'p' */
int sizelocvars;
int sizeabslineinfo; /* size of 'abslineinfo' */
int linedefined; /* debug information */
int lastlinedefined; /* debug information */
TValue *k; /* constants used by the function */
Instruction *code; /* opcodes */
struct Proto **p; /* functions defined inside the function */
Upvaldesc *upvalues; /* upvalue information */
ls_byte *lineinfo; /* information about source lines (debug information) */
AbsLineInfo *abslineinfo; /* idem */
LocVar *locvars; /* information about local variables (debug information) */
TString *source; /* used for debug information */
GCObject *gclist;
} Proto;
/* }================================================================== */
/*
** {==================================================================
** Functions
** ===================================================================
*/
#define LUA_VUPVAL makevariant(LUA_TUPVAL, 0)
/* Variant tags for functions */
#define LUA_VLCL makevariant(LUA_TFUNCTION, 0) /* Lua closure */
#define LUA_VLCF makevariant(LUA_TFUNCTION, 1) /* light C function */
#define LUA_VCCL makevariant(LUA_TFUNCTION, 2) /* C closure */
#define ttisfunction(o) checktype(o, LUA_TFUNCTION)
#define ttisLclosure(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VLCL))
#define ttislcf(o) checktag((o), LUA_VLCF)
#define ttisCclosure(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VCCL))
#define ttisclosure(o) (ttisLclosure(o) || ttisCclosure(o))
#define isLfunction(o) ttisLclosure(o)
#define clvalue(o) check_exp(ttisclosure(o), gco2cl(val_(o).gc))
#define clLvalue(o) check_exp(ttisLclosure(o), gco2lcl(val_(o).gc))
#define fvalue(o) check_exp(ttislcf(o), val_(o).f)
#define clCvalue(o) check_exp(ttisCclosure(o), gco2ccl(val_(o).gc))
#define fvalueraw(v) ((v).f)
#define setclLvalue(L,obj,x) \
{ TValue *io = (obj); LClosure *x_ = (x); \
val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_VLCL)); \
checkliveness(L,io); }
#define setclLvalue2s(L,o,cl) setclLvalue(L,s2v(o),cl)
#define setfvalue(obj,x) \
{ TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).f=(x); settt_(io, LUA_VLCF); }
#define setclCvalue(L,obj,x) \
{ TValue *io = (obj); CClosure *x_ = (x); \
val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_VCCL)); \
checkliveness(L,io); }
/*
** Upvalues for Lua closures
*/
typedef struct UpVal {
CommonHeader;
union {
TValue *p; /* points to stack or to its own value */
ptrdiff_t offset; /* used while the stack is being reallocated */
} v;
union {
struct { /* (when open) */
struct UpVal *next; /* linked list */
struct UpVal **previous;
} open;
TValue value; /* the value (when closed) */
} u;
} UpVal;
#define ClosureHeader \
CommonHeader; lu_byte nupvalues; GCObject *gclist
typedef struct CClosure {
ClosureHeader;
lua_CFunction f;
TValue upvalue[1]; /* list of upvalues */
} CClosure;
typedef struct LClosure {
ClosureHeader;
struct Proto *p;
UpVal *upvals[1]; /* list of upvalues */
} LClosure;
typedef union Closure {
CClosure c;
LClosure l;
} Closure;
#define getproto(o) (clLvalue(o)->p)
/* }================================================================== */
/*
** {==================================================================
** Tables
** ===================================================================
*/
#define LUA_VTABLE makevariant(LUA_TTABLE, 0)
#define ttistable(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VTABLE))
#define hvalue(o) check_exp(ttistable(o), gco2t(val_(o).gc))
#define sethvalue(L,obj,x) \
{ TValue *io = (obj); Table *x_ = (x); \
val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_VTABLE)); \
checkliveness(L,io); }
#define sethvalue2s(L,o,h) sethvalue(L,s2v(o),h)
/*
** Nodes for Hash tables: A pack of two TValue's (key-value pairs)
** plus a 'next' field to link colliding entries. The distribution
** of the key's fields ('key_tt' and 'key_val') not forming a proper
** 'TValue' allows for a smaller size for 'Node' both in 4-byte
** and 8-byte alignments.
*/
typedef union Node {
struct NodeKey {
TValuefields; /* fields for value */
lu_byte key_tt; /* key type */
int next; /* for chaining */
Value key_val; /* key value */
} u;
TValue i_val; /* direct access to node's value as a proper 'TValue' */
} Node;
/* copy a value into a key */
#define setnodekey(L,node,obj) \
{ Node *n_=(node); const TValue *io_=(obj); \
n_->u.key_val = io_->value_; n_->u.key_tt = io_->tt_; \
checkliveness(L,io_); }
/* copy a value from a key */
#define getnodekey(L,obj,node) \
{ TValue *io_=(obj); const Node *n_=(node); \
io_->value_ = n_->u.key_val; io_->tt_ = n_->u.key_tt; \
checkliveness(L,io_); }
/*
** About 'alimit': if 'isrealasize(t)' is true, then 'alimit' is the
** real size of 'array'. Otherwise, the real size of 'array' is the
** smallest power of two not smaller than 'alimit' (or zero iff 'alimit'
** is zero); 'alimit' is then used as a hint for #t.
*/
#define BITRAS (1 << 7)
#define isrealasize(t) (!((t)->flags & BITRAS))
#define setrealasize(t) ((t)->flags &= cast_byte(~BITRAS))
#define setnorealasize(t) ((t)->flags |= BITRAS)
typedef struct Table {
CommonHeader;
lu_byte flags; /* 1<<p means tagmethod(p) is not present */
lu_byte lsizenode; /* log2 of size of 'node' array */
unsigned int alimit; /* "limit" of 'array' array */
TValue *array; /* array part */
Node *node;
Node *lastfree; /* any free position is before this position */
struct Table *metatable;
GCObject *gclist;
} Table;
/*
** Macros to manipulate keys inserted in nodes
*/
#define keytt(node) ((node)->u.key_tt)
#define keyval(node) ((node)->u.key_val)
#define keyisnil(node) (keytt(node) == LUA_TNIL)
#define keyisinteger(node) (keytt(node) == LUA_VNUMINT)
#define keyival(node) (keyval(node).i)
#define keyisshrstr(node) (keytt(node) == ctb(LUA_VSHRSTR))
#define keystrval(node) (gco2ts(keyval(node).gc))
#define setnilkey(node) (keytt(node) = LUA_TNIL)
#define keyiscollectable(n) (keytt(n) & BIT_ISCOLLECTABLE)
#define gckey(n) (keyval(n).gc)
#define gckeyN(n) (keyiscollectable(n) ? gckey(n) : NULL)
/*
** Dead keys in tables have the tag DEADKEY but keep their original
** gcvalue. This distinguishes them from regular keys but allows them to
** be found when searched in a special way. ('next' needs that to find
** keys removed from a table during a traversal.)
*/
#define setdeadkey(node) (keytt(node) = LUA_TDEADKEY)
#define keyisdead(node) (keytt(node) == LUA_TDEADKEY)
/* }================================================================== */
/*
** 'module' operation for hashing (size is always a power of 2)
*/
#define lmod(s,size) \
(check_exp((size&(size-1))==0, (cast_int((s) & ((size)-1)))))
#define twoto(x) (1<<(x))
#define sizenode(t) (twoto((t)->lsizenode))
/* size of buffer for 'luaO_utf8esc' function */
#define UTF8BUFFSZ 8
LUAI_FUNC int luaO_utf8esc (char *buff, unsigned long x);
LUAI_FUNC int luaO_ceillog2 (unsigned int x);
LUAI_FUNC int luaO_rawarith (lua_State *L, int op, const TValue *p1,
const TValue *p2, TValue *res);
LUAI_FUNC void luaO_arith (lua_State *L, int op, const TValue *p1,
const TValue *p2, StkId res);
LUAI_FUNC size_t luaO_str2num (const char *s, TValue *o);
LUAI_FUNC int luaO_hexavalue (int c);
LUAI_FUNC void luaO_tostring (lua_State *L, TValue *obj);
LUAI_FUNC const char *luaO_pushvfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt,
va_list argp);
LUAI_FUNC const char *luaO_pushfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...);
LUAI_FUNC void luaO_chunkid (char *out, const char *source, size_t srclen);
#endif

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/*
** $Id: lopcodes.c $
** Opcodes for Lua virtual machine
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#define lopcodes_c
#define LUA_CORE
#include "lprefix.h"
#include "lopcodes.h"
/* ORDER OP */
LUAI_DDEF const lu_byte luaP_opmodes[NUM_OPCODES] = {
/* MM OT IT T A mode opcode */
opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_MOVE */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iAsBx) /* OP_LOADI */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iAsBx) /* OP_LOADF */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABx) /* OP_LOADK */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABx) /* OP_LOADKX */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_LOADFALSE */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_LFALSESKIP */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_LOADTRUE */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_LOADNIL */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_GETUPVAL */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_SETUPVAL */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_GETTABUP */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_GETTABLE */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_GETI */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_GETFIELD */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_SETTABUP */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_SETTABLE */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_SETI */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_SETFIELD */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_NEWTABLE */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_SELF */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_ADDI */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_ADDK */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_SUBK */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_MULK */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_MODK */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_POWK */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_DIVK */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_IDIVK */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_BANDK */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_BORK */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_BXORK */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_SHRI */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_SHLI */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_ADD */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_SUB */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_MUL */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_MOD */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_POW */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_DIV */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_IDIV */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_BAND */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_BOR */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_BXOR */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_SHL */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_SHR */
,opmode(1, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_MMBIN */
,opmode(1, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_MMBINI*/
,opmode(1, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_MMBINK*/
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_UNM */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_BNOT */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_NOT */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_LEN */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_CONCAT */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_CLOSE */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_TBC */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, isJ) /* OP_JMP */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_EQ */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_LT */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_LE */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_EQK */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_EQI */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_LTI */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_LEI */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_GTI */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_GEI */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_TEST */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 1, iABC) /* OP_TESTSET */
,opmode(0, 1, 1, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_CALL */
,opmode(0, 1, 1, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_TAILCALL */
,opmode(0, 0, 1, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_RETURN */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_RETURN0 */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_RETURN1 */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABx) /* OP_FORLOOP */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABx) /* OP_FORPREP */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABx) /* OP_TFORPREP */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_TFORCALL */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABx) /* OP_TFORLOOP */
,opmode(0, 0, 1, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_SETLIST */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABx) /* OP_CLOSURE */
,opmode(0, 1, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_VARARG */
,opmode(0, 0, 1, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_VARARGPREP */
,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iAx) /* OP_EXTRAARG */
};

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/*
** $Id: lopcodes.h $
** Opcodes for Lua virtual machine
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#ifndef lopcodes_h
#define lopcodes_h
#include "llimits.h"
/*===========================================================================
We assume that instructions are unsigned 32-bit integers.
All instructions have an opcode in the first 7 bits.
Instructions can have the following formats:
3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
iABC C(8) | B(8) |k| A(8) | Op(7) |
iABx Bx(17) | A(8) | Op(7) |
iAsBx sBx (signed)(17) | A(8) | Op(7) |
iAx Ax(25) | Op(7) |
isJ sJ (signed)(25) | Op(7) |
A signed argument is represented in excess K: the represented value is
the written unsigned value minus K, where K is half the maximum for the
corresponding unsigned argument.
===========================================================================*/
enum OpMode {iABC, iABx, iAsBx, iAx, isJ}; /* basic instruction formats */
/*
** size and position of opcode arguments.
*/
#define SIZE_C 8
#define SIZE_B 8
#define SIZE_Bx (SIZE_C + SIZE_B + 1)
#define SIZE_A 8
#define SIZE_Ax (SIZE_Bx + SIZE_A)
#define SIZE_sJ (SIZE_Bx + SIZE_A)
#define SIZE_OP 7
#define POS_OP 0
#define POS_A (POS_OP + SIZE_OP)
#define POS_k (POS_A + SIZE_A)
#define POS_B (POS_k + 1)
#define POS_C (POS_B + SIZE_B)
#define POS_Bx POS_k
#define POS_Ax POS_A
#define POS_sJ POS_A
/*
** limits for opcode arguments.
** we use (signed) 'int' to manipulate most arguments,
** so they must fit in ints.
*/
/* Check whether type 'int' has at least 'b' bits ('b' < 32) */
#define L_INTHASBITS(b) ((UINT_MAX >> ((b) - 1)) >= 1)
#if L_INTHASBITS(SIZE_Bx)
#define MAXARG_Bx ((1<<SIZE_Bx)-1)
#else
#define MAXARG_Bx MAX_INT
#endif
#define OFFSET_sBx (MAXARG_Bx>>1) /* 'sBx' is signed */
#if L_INTHASBITS(SIZE_Ax)
#define MAXARG_Ax ((1<<SIZE_Ax)-1)
#else
#define MAXARG_Ax MAX_INT
#endif
#if L_INTHASBITS(SIZE_sJ)
#define MAXARG_sJ ((1 << SIZE_sJ) - 1)
#else
#define MAXARG_sJ MAX_INT
#endif
#define OFFSET_sJ (MAXARG_sJ >> 1)
#define MAXARG_A ((1<<SIZE_A)-1)
#define MAXARG_B ((1<<SIZE_B)-1)
#define MAXARG_C ((1<<SIZE_C)-1)
#define OFFSET_sC (MAXARG_C >> 1)
#define int2sC(i) ((i) + OFFSET_sC)
#define sC2int(i) ((i) - OFFSET_sC)
/* creates a mask with 'n' 1 bits at position 'p' */
#define MASK1(n,p) ((~((~(Instruction)0)<<(n)))<<(p))
/* creates a mask with 'n' 0 bits at position 'p' */
#define MASK0(n,p) (~MASK1(n,p))
/*
** the following macros help to manipulate instructions
*/
#define GET_OPCODE(i) (cast(OpCode, ((i)>>POS_OP) & MASK1(SIZE_OP,0)))
#define SET_OPCODE(i,o) ((i) = (((i)&MASK0(SIZE_OP,POS_OP)) | \
((cast(Instruction, o)<<POS_OP)&MASK1(SIZE_OP,POS_OP))))
#define checkopm(i,m) (getOpMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) == m)
#define getarg(i,pos,size) (cast_int(((i)>>(pos)) & MASK1(size,0)))
#define setarg(i,v,pos,size) ((i) = (((i)&MASK0(size,pos)) | \
((cast(Instruction, v)<<pos)&MASK1(size,pos))))
#define GETARG_A(i) getarg(i, POS_A, SIZE_A)
#define SETARG_A(i,v) setarg(i, v, POS_A, SIZE_A)
#define GETARG_B(i) check_exp(checkopm(i, iABC), getarg(i, POS_B, SIZE_B))
#define GETARG_sB(i) sC2int(GETARG_B(i))
#define SETARG_B(i,v) setarg(i, v, POS_B, SIZE_B)
#define GETARG_C(i) check_exp(checkopm(i, iABC), getarg(i, POS_C, SIZE_C))
#define GETARG_sC(i) sC2int(GETARG_C(i))
#define SETARG_C(i,v) setarg(i, v, POS_C, SIZE_C)
#define TESTARG_k(i) check_exp(checkopm(i, iABC), (cast_int(((i) & (1u << POS_k)))))
#define GETARG_k(i) check_exp(checkopm(i, iABC), getarg(i, POS_k, 1))
#define SETARG_k(i,v) setarg(i, v, POS_k, 1)
#define GETARG_Bx(i) check_exp(checkopm(i, iABx), getarg(i, POS_Bx, SIZE_Bx))
#define SETARG_Bx(i,v) setarg(i, v, POS_Bx, SIZE_Bx)
#define GETARG_Ax(i) check_exp(checkopm(i, iAx), getarg(i, POS_Ax, SIZE_Ax))
#define SETARG_Ax(i,v) setarg(i, v, POS_Ax, SIZE_Ax)
#define GETARG_sBx(i) \
check_exp(checkopm(i, iAsBx), getarg(i, POS_Bx, SIZE_Bx) - OFFSET_sBx)
#define SETARG_sBx(i,b) SETARG_Bx((i),cast_uint((b)+OFFSET_sBx))
#define GETARG_sJ(i) \
check_exp(checkopm(i, isJ), getarg(i, POS_sJ, SIZE_sJ) - OFFSET_sJ)
#define SETARG_sJ(i,j) \
setarg(i, cast_uint((j)+OFFSET_sJ), POS_sJ, SIZE_sJ)
#define CREATE_ABCk(o,a,b,c,k) ((cast(Instruction, o)<<POS_OP) \
| (cast(Instruction, a)<<POS_A) \
| (cast(Instruction, b)<<POS_B) \
| (cast(Instruction, c)<<POS_C) \
| (cast(Instruction, k)<<POS_k))
#define CREATE_ABx(o,a,bc) ((cast(Instruction, o)<<POS_OP) \
| (cast(Instruction, a)<<POS_A) \
| (cast(Instruction, bc)<<POS_Bx))
#define CREATE_Ax(o,a) ((cast(Instruction, o)<<POS_OP) \
| (cast(Instruction, a)<<POS_Ax))
#define CREATE_sJ(o,j,k) ((cast(Instruction, o) << POS_OP) \
| (cast(Instruction, j) << POS_sJ) \
| (cast(Instruction, k) << POS_k))
#if !defined(MAXINDEXRK) /* (for debugging only) */
#define MAXINDEXRK MAXARG_B
#endif
/*
** invalid register that fits in 8 bits
*/
#define NO_REG MAXARG_A
/*
** R[x] - register
** K[x] - constant (in constant table)
** RK(x) == if k(i) then K[x] else R[x]
*/
/*
** Grep "ORDER OP" if you change these enums. Opcodes marked with a (*)
** has extra descriptions in the notes after the enumeration.
*/
typedef enum {
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------
name args description
------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
OP_MOVE,/* A B R[A] := R[B] */
OP_LOADI,/* A sBx R[A] := sBx */
OP_LOADF,/* A sBx R[A] := (lua_Number)sBx */
OP_LOADK,/* A Bx R[A] := K[Bx] */
OP_LOADKX,/* A R[A] := K[extra arg] */
OP_LOADFALSE,/* A R[A] := false */
OP_LFALSESKIP,/*A R[A] := false; pc++ (*) */
OP_LOADTRUE,/* A R[A] := true */
OP_LOADNIL,/* A B R[A], R[A+1], ..., R[A+B] := nil */
OP_GETUPVAL,/* A B R[A] := UpValue[B] */
OP_SETUPVAL,/* A B UpValue[B] := R[A] */
OP_GETTABUP,/* A B C R[A] := UpValue[B][K[C]:string] */
OP_GETTABLE,/* A B C R[A] := R[B][R[C]] */
OP_GETI,/* A B C R[A] := R[B][C] */
OP_GETFIELD,/* A B C R[A] := R[B][K[C]:string] */
OP_SETTABUP,/* A B C UpValue[A][K[B]:string] := RK(C) */
OP_SETTABLE,/* A B C R[A][R[B]] := RK(C) */
OP_SETI,/* A B C R[A][B] := RK(C) */
OP_SETFIELD,/* A B C R[A][K[B]:string] := RK(C) */
OP_NEWTABLE,/* A B C k R[A] := {} */
OP_SELF,/* A B C R[A+1] := R[B]; R[A] := R[B][RK(C):string] */
OP_ADDI,/* A B sC R[A] := R[B] + sC */
OP_ADDK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] + K[C]:number */
OP_SUBK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] - K[C]:number */
OP_MULK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] * K[C]:number */
OP_MODK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] % K[C]:number */
OP_POWK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] ^ K[C]:number */
OP_DIVK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] / K[C]:number */
OP_IDIVK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] // K[C]:number */
OP_BANDK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] & K[C]:integer */
OP_BORK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] | K[C]:integer */
OP_BXORK,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] ~ K[C]:integer */
OP_SHRI,/* A B sC R[A] := R[B] >> sC */
OP_SHLI,/* A B sC R[A] := sC << R[B] */
OP_ADD,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] + R[C] */
OP_SUB,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] - R[C] */
OP_MUL,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] * R[C] */
OP_MOD,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] % R[C] */
OP_POW,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] ^ R[C] */
OP_DIV,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] / R[C] */
OP_IDIV,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] // R[C] */
OP_BAND,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] & R[C] */
OP_BOR,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] | R[C] */
OP_BXOR,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] ~ R[C] */
OP_SHL,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] << R[C] */
OP_SHR,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] >> R[C] */
OP_MMBIN,/* A B C call C metamethod over R[A] and R[B] (*) */
OP_MMBINI,/* A sB C k call C metamethod over R[A] and sB */
OP_MMBINK,/* A B C k call C metamethod over R[A] and K[B] */
OP_UNM,/* A B R[A] := -R[B] */
OP_BNOT,/* A B R[A] := ~R[B] */
OP_NOT,/* A B R[A] := not R[B] */
OP_LEN,/* A B R[A] := #R[B] (length operator) */
OP_CONCAT,/* A B R[A] := R[A].. ... ..R[A + B - 1] */
OP_CLOSE,/* A close all upvalues >= R[A] */
OP_TBC,/* A mark variable A "to be closed" */
OP_JMP,/* sJ pc += sJ */
OP_EQ,/* A B k if ((R[A] == R[B]) ~= k) then pc++ */
OP_LT,/* A B k if ((R[A] < R[B]) ~= k) then pc++ */
OP_LE,/* A B k if ((R[A] <= R[B]) ~= k) then pc++ */
OP_EQK,/* A B k if ((R[A] == K[B]) ~= k) then pc++ */
OP_EQI,/* A sB k if ((R[A] == sB) ~= k) then pc++ */
OP_LTI,/* A sB k if ((R[A] < sB) ~= k) then pc++ */
OP_LEI,/* A sB k if ((R[A] <= sB) ~= k) then pc++ */
OP_GTI,/* A sB k if ((R[A] > sB) ~= k) then pc++ */
OP_GEI,/* A sB k if ((R[A] >= sB) ~= k) then pc++ */
OP_TEST,/* A k if (not R[A] == k) then pc++ */
OP_TESTSET,/* A B k if (not R[B] == k) then pc++ else R[A] := R[B] (*) */
OP_CALL,/* A B C R[A], ... ,R[A+C-2] := R[A](R[A+1], ... ,R[A+B-1]) */
OP_TAILCALL,/* A B C k return R[A](R[A+1], ... ,R[A+B-1]) */
OP_RETURN,/* A B C k return R[A], ... ,R[A+B-2] (see note) */
OP_RETURN0,/* return */
OP_RETURN1,/* A return R[A] */
OP_FORLOOP,/* A Bx update counters; if loop continues then pc-=Bx; */
OP_FORPREP,/* A Bx <check values and prepare counters>;
if not to run then pc+=Bx+1; */
OP_TFORPREP,/* A Bx create upvalue for R[A + 3]; pc+=Bx */
OP_TFORCALL,/* A C R[A+4], ... ,R[A+3+C] := R[A](R[A+1], R[A+2]); */
OP_TFORLOOP,/* A Bx if R[A+2] ~= nil then { R[A]=R[A+2]; pc -= Bx } */
OP_SETLIST,/* A B C k R[A][C+i] := R[A+i], 1 <= i <= B */
OP_CLOSURE,/* A Bx R[A] := closure(KPROTO[Bx]) */
OP_VARARG,/* A C R[A], R[A+1], ..., R[A+C-2] = vararg */
OP_VARARGPREP,/*A (adjust vararg parameters) */
OP_EXTRAARG/* Ax extra (larger) argument for previous opcode */
} OpCode;
#define NUM_OPCODES ((int)(OP_EXTRAARG) + 1)
/*===========================================================================
Notes:
(*) Opcode OP_LFALSESKIP is used to convert a condition to a boolean
value, in a code equivalent to (not cond ? false : true). (It
produces false and skips the next instruction producing true.)
(*) Opcodes OP_MMBIN and variants follow each arithmetic and
bitwise opcode. If the operation succeeds, it skips this next
opcode. Otherwise, this opcode calls the corresponding metamethod.
(*) Opcode OP_TESTSET is used in short-circuit expressions that need
both to jump and to produce a value, such as (a = b or c).
(*) In OP_CALL, if (B == 0) then B = top - A. If (C == 0), then
'top' is set to last_result+1, so next open instruction (OP_CALL,
OP_RETURN*, OP_SETLIST) may use 'top'.
(*) In OP_VARARG, if (C == 0) then use actual number of varargs and
set top (like in OP_CALL with C == 0).
(*) In OP_RETURN, if (B == 0) then return up to 'top'.
(*) In OP_LOADKX and OP_NEWTABLE, the next instruction is always
OP_EXTRAARG.
(*) In OP_SETLIST, if (B == 0) then real B = 'top'; if k, then
real C = EXTRAARG _ C (the bits of EXTRAARG concatenated with the
bits of C).
(*) In OP_NEWTABLE, B is log2 of the hash size (which is always a
power of 2) plus 1, or zero for size zero. If not k, the array size
is C. Otherwise, the array size is EXTRAARG _ C.
(*) For comparisons, k specifies what condition the test should accept
(true or false).
(*) In OP_MMBINI/OP_MMBINK, k means the arguments were flipped
(the constant is the first operand).
(*) All 'skips' (pc++) assume that next instruction is a jump.
(*) In instructions OP_RETURN/OP_TAILCALL, 'k' specifies that the
function builds upvalues, which may need to be closed. C > 0 means
the function is vararg, so that its 'func' must be corrected before
returning; in this case, (C - 1) is its number of fixed parameters.
(*) In comparisons with an immediate operand, C signals whether the
original operand was a float. (It must be corrected in case of
metamethods.)
===========================================================================*/
/*
** masks for instruction properties. The format is:
** bits 0-2: op mode
** bit 3: instruction set register A
** bit 4: operator is a test (next instruction must be a jump)
** bit 5: instruction uses 'L->top' set by previous instruction (when B == 0)
** bit 6: instruction sets 'L->top' for next instruction (when C == 0)
** bit 7: instruction is an MM instruction (call a metamethod)
*/
LUAI_DDEC(const lu_byte luaP_opmodes[NUM_OPCODES];)
#define getOpMode(m) (cast(enum OpMode, luaP_opmodes[m] & 7))
#define testAMode(m) (luaP_opmodes[m] & (1 << 3))
#define testTMode(m) (luaP_opmodes[m] & (1 << 4))
#define testITMode(m) (luaP_opmodes[m] & (1 << 5))
#define testOTMode(m) (luaP_opmodes[m] & (1 << 6))
#define testMMMode(m) (luaP_opmodes[m] & (1 << 7))
/* "out top" (set top for next instruction) */
#define isOT(i) \
((testOTMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) && GETARG_C(i) == 0) || \
GET_OPCODE(i) == OP_TAILCALL)
/* "in top" (uses top from previous instruction) */
#define isIT(i) (testITMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) && GETARG_B(i) == 0)
#define opmode(mm,ot,it,t,a,m) \
(((mm) << 7) | ((ot) << 6) | ((it) << 5) | ((t) << 4) | ((a) << 3) | (m))
/* number of list items to accumulate before a SETLIST instruction */
#define LFIELDS_PER_FLUSH 50
#endif

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/*
** $Id: lopnames.h $
** Opcode names
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#if !defined(lopnames_h)
#define lopnames_h
#include <stddef.h>
/* ORDER OP */
static const char *const opnames[] = {
"MOVE",
"LOADI",
"LOADF",
"LOADK",
"LOADKX",
"LOADFALSE",
"LFALSESKIP",
"LOADTRUE",
"LOADNIL",
"GETUPVAL",
"SETUPVAL",
"GETTABUP",
"GETTABLE",
"GETI",
"GETFIELD",
"SETTABUP",
"SETTABLE",
"SETI",
"SETFIELD",
"NEWTABLE",
"SELF",
"ADDI",
"ADDK",
"SUBK",
"MULK",
"MODK",
"POWK",
"DIVK",
"IDIVK",
"BANDK",
"BORK",
"BXORK",
"SHRI",
"SHLI",
"ADD",
"SUB",
"MUL",
"MOD",
"POW",
"DIV",
"IDIV",
"BAND",
"BOR",
"BXOR",
"SHL",
"SHR",
"MMBIN",
"MMBINI",
"MMBINK",
"UNM",
"BNOT",
"NOT",
"LEN",
"CONCAT",
"CLOSE",
"TBC",
"JMP",
"EQ",
"LT",
"LE",
"EQK",
"EQI",
"LTI",
"LEI",
"GTI",
"GEI",
"TEST",
"TESTSET",
"CALL",
"TAILCALL",
"RETURN",
"RETURN0",
"RETURN1",
"FORLOOP",
"FORPREP",
"TFORPREP",
"TFORCALL",
"TFORLOOP",
"SETLIST",
"CLOSURE",
"VARARG",
"VARARGPREP",
"EXTRAARG",
NULL
};
#endif

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/*
** $Id: loslib.c $
** Standard Operating System library
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#define loslib_c
#define LUA_LIB
#include "lprefix.h"
#include <errno.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include "lua.h"
#include "lauxlib.h"
#include "lualib.h"
/*
** {==================================================================
** List of valid conversion specifiers for the 'strftime' function;
** options are grouped by length; group of length 2 start with '||'.
** ===================================================================
*/
#if !defined(LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS) /* { */
#if defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS)
#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS "aAbBcdHIjmMpSUwWxXyYzZ%" \
"||" "#c#x#d#H#I#j#m#M#S#U#w#W#y#Y" /* two-char options */
#elif defined(LUA_USE_C89) /* ANSI C 89 (only 1-char options) */
#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS "aAbBcdHIjmMpSUwWxXyYZ%"
#else /* C99 specification */
#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS "aAbBcCdDeFgGhHIjmMnprRStTuUVwWxXyYzZ%" \
"||" "EcECExEXEyEY" "OdOeOHOIOmOMOSOuOUOVOwOWOy" /* two-char options */
#endif
#endif /* } */
/* }================================================================== */
/*
** {==================================================================
** Configuration for time-related stuff
** ===================================================================
*/
/*
** type to represent time_t in Lua
*/
#if !defined(LUA_NUMTIME) /* { */
#define l_timet lua_Integer
#define l_pushtime(L,t) lua_pushinteger(L,(lua_Integer)(t))
#define l_gettime(L,arg) luaL_checkinteger(L, arg)
#else /* }{ */
#define l_timet lua_Number
#define l_pushtime(L,t) lua_pushnumber(L,(lua_Number)(t))
#define l_gettime(L,arg) luaL_checknumber(L, arg)
#endif /* } */
#if !defined(l_gmtime) /* { */
/*
** By default, Lua uses gmtime/localtime, except when POSIX is available,
** where it uses gmtime_r/localtime_r
*/
#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) /* { */
#define l_gmtime(t,r) gmtime_r(t,r)
#define l_localtime(t,r) localtime_r(t,r)
#else /* }{ */
/* ISO C definitions */
#define l_gmtime(t,r) ((void)(r)->tm_sec, gmtime(t))
#define l_localtime(t,r) ((void)(r)->tm_sec, localtime(t))
#endif /* } */
#endif /* } */
/* }================================================================== */
/*
** {==================================================================
** Configuration for 'tmpnam':
** By default, Lua uses tmpnam except when POSIX is available, where
** it uses mkstemp.
** ===================================================================
*/
#if !defined(lua_tmpnam) /* { */
#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) /* { */
#include <unistd.h>
#define LUA_TMPNAMBUFSIZE 32
#if !defined(LUA_TMPNAMTEMPLATE)
#define LUA_TMPNAMTEMPLATE "/tmp/lua_XXXXXX"
#endif
#define lua_tmpnam(b,e) { \
strcpy(b, LUA_TMPNAMTEMPLATE); \
e = mkstemp(b); \
if (e != -1) close(e); \
e = (e == -1); }
#else /* }{ */
/* ISO C definitions */
#define LUA_TMPNAMBUFSIZE L_tmpnam
#define lua_tmpnam(b,e) { e = (tmpnam(b) == NULL); }
#endif /* } */
#endif /* } */
/* }================================================================== */
#if !defined(l_system)
#if defined(LUA_USE_IOS)
/* Despite claiming to be ISO C, iOS does not implement 'system'. */
#define l_system(cmd) ((cmd) == NULL ? 0 : -1)
#else
#define l_system(cmd) system(cmd) /* default definition */
#endif
#endif
static int os_execute (lua_State *L) {
const char *cmd = luaL_optstring(L, 1, NULL);
int stat;
errno = 0;
stat = l_system(cmd);
if (cmd != NULL)
return luaL_execresult(L, stat);
else {
lua_pushboolean(L, stat); /* true if there is a shell */
return 1;
}
}
static int os_remove (lua_State *L) {
const char *filename = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
return luaL_fileresult(L, remove(filename) == 0, filename);
}
static int os_rename (lua_State *L) {
const char *fromname = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
const char *toname = luaL_checkstring(L, 2);
return luaL_fileresult(L, rename(fromname, toname) == 0, NULL);
}
static int os_tmpname (lua_State *L) {
char buff[LUA_TMPNAMBUFSIZE];
int err;
lua_tmpnam(buff, err);
if (l_unlikely(err))
return luaL_error(L, "unable to generate a unique filename");
lua_pushstring(L, buff);
return 1;
}
static int os_getenv (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushstring(L, getenv(luaL_checkstring(L, 1))); /* if NULL push nil */
return 1;
}
static int os_clock (lua_State *L) {
lua_pushnumber(L, ((lua_Number)clock())/(lua_Number)CLOCKS_PER_SEC);
return 1;
}
/*
** {======================================================
** Time/Date operations
** { year=%Y, month=%m, day=%d, hour=%H, min=%M, sec=%S,
** wday=%w+1, yday=%j, isdst=? }
** =======================================================
*/
/*
** About the overflow check: an overflow cannot occur when time
** is represented by a lua_Integer, because either lua_Integer is
** large enough to represent all int fields or it is not large enough
** to represent a time that cause a field to overflow. However, if
** times are represented as doubles and lua_Integer is int, then the
** time 0x1.e1853b0d184f6p+55 would cause an overflow when adding 1900
** to compute the year.
*/
static void setfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int value, int delta) {
#if (defined(LUA_NUMTIME) && LUA_MAXINTEGER <= INT_MAX)
if (l_unlikely(value > LUA_MAXINTEGER - delta))
luaL_error(L, "field '%s' is out-of-bound", key);
#endif
lua_pushinteger(L, (lua_Integer)value + delta);
lua_setfield(L, -2, key);
}
static void setboolfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int value) {
if (value < 0) /* undefined? */
return; /* does not set field */
lua_pushboolean(L, value);
lua_setfield(L, -2, key);
}
/*
** Set all fields from structure 'tm' in the table on top of the stack
*/
static void setallfields (lua_State *L, struct tm *stm) {
setfield(L, "year", stm->tm_year, 1900);
setfield(L, "month", stm->tm_mon, 1);
setfield(L, "day", stm->tm_mday, 0);
setfield(L, "hour", stm->tm_hour, 0);
setfield(L, "min", stm->tm_min, 0);
setfield(L, "sec", stm->tm_sec, 0);
setfield(L, "yday", stm->tm_yday, 1);
setfield(L, "wday", stm->tm_wday, 1);
setboolfield(L, "isdst", stm->tm_isdst);
}
static int getboolfield (lua_State *L, const char *key) {
int res;
res = (lua_getfield(L, -1, key) == LUA_TNIL) ? -1 : lua_toboolean(L, -1);
lua_pop(L, 1);
return res;
}
static int getfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int d, int delta) {
int isnum;
int t = lua_getfield(L, -1, key); /* get field and its type */
lua_Integer res = lua_tointegerx(L, -1, &isnum);
if (!isnum) { /* field is not an integer? */
if (l_unlikely(t != LUA_TNIL)) /* some other value? */
return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' is not an integer", key);
else if (l_unlikely(d < 0)) /* absent field; no default? */
return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' missing in date table", key);
res = d;
}
else {
if (!(res >= 0 ? res - delta <= INT_MAX : INT_MIN + delta <= res))
return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' is out-of-bound", key);
res -= delta;
}
lua_pop(L, 1);
return (int)res;
}
static const char *checkoption (lua_State *L, const char *conv,
ptrdiff_t convlen, char *buff) {
const char *option = LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS;
int oplen = 1; /* length of options being checked */
for (; *option != '\0' && oplen <= convlen; option += oplen) {
if (*option == '|') /* next block? */
oplen++; /* will check options with next length (+1) */
else if (memcmp(conv, option, oplen) == 0) { /* match? */
memcpy(buff, conv, oplen); /* copy valid option to buffer */
buff[oplen] = '\0';
return conv + oplen; /* return next item */
}
}
luaL_argerror(L, 1,
lua_pushfstring(L, "invalid conversion specifier '%%%s'", conv));
return conv; /* to avoid warnings */
}
static time_t l_checktime (lua_State *L, int arg) {
l_timet t = l_gettime(L, arg);
luaL_argcheck(L, (time_t)t == t, arg, "time out-of-bounds");
return (time_t)t;
}
/* maximum size for an individual 'strftime' item */
#define SIZETIMEFMT 250
static int os_date (lua_State *L) {
size_t slen;
const char *s = luaL_optlstring(L, 1, "%c", &slen);
time_t t = luaL_opt(L, l_checktime, 2, time(NULL));
const char *se = s + slen; /* 's' end */
struct tm tmr, *stm;
if (*s == '!') { /* UTC? */
stm = l_gmtime(&t, &tmr);
s++; /* skip '!' */
}
else
stm = l_localtime(&t, &tmr);
if (stm == NULL) /* invalid date? */
return luaL_error(L,
"date result cannot be represented in this installation");
if (strcmp(s, "*t") == 0) {
lua_createtable(L, 0, 9); /* 9 = number of fields */
setallfields(L, stm);
}
else {
char cc[4]; /* buffer for individual conversion specifiers */
luaL_Buffer b;
cc[0] = '%';
luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
while (s < se) {
if (*s != '%') /* not a conversion specifier? */
luaL_addchar(&b, *s++);
else {
size_t reslen;
char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, SIZETIMEFMT);
s++; /* skip '%' */
s = checkoption(L, s, se - s, cc + 1); /* copy specifier to 'cc' */
reslen = strftime(buff, SIZETIMEFMT, cc, stm);
luaL_addsize(&b, reslen);
}
}
luaL_pushresult(&b);
}
return 1;
}
static int os_time (lua_State *L) {
time_t t;
if (lua_isnoneornil(L, 1)) /* called without args? */
t = time(NULL); /* get current time */
else {
struct tm ts;
luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);
lua_settop(L, 1); /* make sure table is at the top */
ts.tm_year = getfield(L, "year", -1, 1900);
ts.tm_mon = getfield(L, "month", -1, 1);
ts.tm_mday = getfield(L, "day", -1, 0);
ts.tm_hour = getfield(L, "hour", 12, 0);
ts.tm_min = getfield(L, "min", 0, 0);
ts.tm_sec = getfield(L, "sec", 0, 0);
ts.tm_isdst = getboolfield(L, "isdst");
t = mktime(&ts);
setallfields(L, &ts); /* update fields with normalized values */
}
if (t != (time_t)(l_timet)t || t == (time_t)(-1))
return luaL_error(L,
"time result cannot be represented in this installation");
l_pushtime(L, t);
return 1;
}
static int os_difftime (lua_State *L) {
time_t t1 = l_checktime(L, 1);
time_t t2 = l_checktime(L, 2);
lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)difftime(t1, t2));
return 1;
}
/* }====================================================== */
static int os_setlocale (lua_State *L) {
static const int cat[] = {LC_ALL, LC_COLLATE, LC_CTYPE, LC_MONETARY,
LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME};
static const char *const catnames[] = {"all", "collate", "ctype", "monetary",
"numeric", "time", NULL};
const char *l = luaL_optstring(L, 1, NULL);
int op = luaL_checkoption(L, 2, "all", catnames);
lua_pushstring(L, setlocale(cat[op], l));
return 1;
}
static int os_exit (lua_State *L) {
int status;
if (lua_isboolean(L, 1))
status = (lua_toboolean(L, 1) ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
else
status = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 1, EXIT_SUCCESS);
if (lua_toboolean(L, 2))
lua_close(L);
if (L) exit(status); /* 'if' to avoid warnings for unreachable 'return' */
return 0;
}
static const luaL_Reg syslib[] = {
{"clock", os_clock},
{"date", os_date},
{"difftime", os_difftime},
{"execute", os_execute},
{"exit", os_exit},
{"getenv", os_getenv},
{"remove", os_remove},
{"rename", os_rename},
{"setlocale", os_setlocale},
{"time", os_time},
{"tmpname", os_tmpname},
{NULL, NULL}
};
/* }====================================================== */
LUAMOD_API int luaopen_os (lua_State *L) {
luaL_newlib(L, syslib);
return 1;
}

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06/lua-5.4.6/src/lparser.c Normal file
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06/lua-5.4.6/src/lparser.h Normal file
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/*
** $Id: lparser.h $
** Lua Parser
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#ifndef lparser_h
#define lparser_h
#include "llimits.h"
#include "lobject.h"
#include "lzio.h"
/*
** Expression and variable descriptor.
** Code generation for variables and expressions can be delayed to allow
** optimizations; An 'expdesc' structure describes a potentially-delayed
** variable/expression. It has a description of its "main" value plus a
** list of conditional jumps that can also produce its value (generated
** by short-circuit operators 'and'/'or').
*/
/* kinds of variables/expressions */
typedef enum {
VVOID, /* when 'expdesc' describes the last expression of a list,
this kind means an empty list (so, no expression) */
VNIL, /* constant nil */
VTRUE, /* constant true */
VFALSE, /* constant false */
VK, /* constant in 'k'; info = index of constant in 'k' */
VKFLT, /* floating constant; nval = numerical float value */
VKINT, /* integer constant; ival = numerical integer value */
VKSTR, /* string constant; strval = TString address;
(string is fixed by the lexer) */
VNONRELOC, /* expression has its value in a fixed register;
info = result register */
VLOCAL, /* local variable; var.ridx = register index;
var.vidx = relative index in 'actvar.arr' */
VUPVAL, /* upvalue variable; info = index of upvalue in 'upvalues' */
VCONST, /* compile-time <const> variable;
info = absolute index in 'actvar.arr' */
VINDEXED, /* indexed variable;
ind.t = table register;
ind.idx = key's R index */
VINDEXUP, /* indexed upvalue;
ind.t = table upvalue;
ind.idx = key's K index */
VINDEXI, /* indexed variable with constant integer;
ind.t = table register;
ind.idx = key's value */
VINDEXSTR, /* indexed variable with literal string;
ind.t = table register;
ind.idx = key's K index */
VJMP, /* expression is a test/comparison;
info = pc of corresponding jump instruction */
VRELOC, /* expression can put result in any register;
info = instruction pc */
VCALL, /* expression is a function call; info = instruction pc */
VVARARG /* vararg expression; info = instruction pc */
} expkind;
#define vkisvar(k) (VLOCAL <= (k) && (k) <= VINDEXSTR)
#define vkisindexed(k) (VINDEXED <= (k) && (k) <= VINDEXSTR)
typedef struct expdesc {
expkind k;
union {
lua_Integer ival; /* for VKINT */
lua_Number nval; /* for VKFLT */
TString *strval; /* for VKSTR */
int info; /* for generic use */
struct { /* for indexed variables */
short idx; /* index (R or "long" K) */
lu_byte t; /* table (register or upvalue) */
} ind;
struct { /* for local variables */
lu_byte ridx; /* register holding the variable */
unsigned short vidx; /* compiler index (in 'actvar.arr') */
} var;
} u;
int t; /* patch list of 'exit when true' */
int f; /* patch list of 'exit when false' */
} expdesc;
/* kinds of variables */
#define VDKREG 0 /* regular */
#define RDKCONST 1 /* constant */
#define RDKTOCLOSE 2 /* to-be-closed */
#define RDKCTC 3 /* compile-time constant */
/* description of an active local variable */
typedef union Vardesc {
struct {
TValuefields; /* constant value (if it is a compile-time constant) */
lu_byte kind;
lu_byte ridx; /* register holding the variable */
short pidx; /* index of the variable in the Proto's 'locvars' array */
TString *name; /* variable name */
} vd;
TValue k; /* constant value (if any) */
} Vardesc;
/* description of pending goto statements and label statements */
typedef struct Labeldesc {
TString *name; /* label identifier */
int pc; /* position in code */
int line; /* line where it appeared */
lu_byte nactvar; /* number of active variables in that position */
lu_byte close; /* goto that escapes upvalues */
} Labeldesc;
/* list of labels or gotos */
typedef struct Labellist {
Labeldesc *arr; /* array */
int n; /* number of entries in use */
int size; /* array size */
} Labellist;
/* dynamic structures used by the parser */
typedef struct Dyndata {
struct { /* list of all active local variables */
Vardesc *arr;
int n;
int size;
} actvar;
Labellist gt; /* list of pending gotos */
Labellist label; /* list of active labels */
} Dyndata;
/* control of blocks */
struct BlockCnt; /* defined in lparser.c */
/* state needed to generate code for a given function */
typedef struct FuncState {
Proto *f; /* current function header */
struct FuncState *prev; /* enclosing function */
struct LexState *ls; /* lexical state */
struct BlockCnt *bl; /* chain of current blocks */
int pc; /* next position to code (equivalent to 'ncode') */
int lasttarget; /* 'label' of last 'jump label' */
int previousline; /* last line that was saved in 'lineinfo' */
int nk; /* number of elements in 'k' */
int np; /* number of elements in 'p' */
int nabslineinfo; /* number of elements in 'abslineinfo' */
int firstlocal; /* index of first local var (in Dyndata array) */
int firstlabel; /* index of first label (in 'dyd->label->arr') */
short ndebugvars; /* number of elements in 'f->locvars' */
lu_byte nactvar; /* number of active local variables */
lu_byte nups; /* number of upvalues */
lu_byte freereg; /* first free register */
lu_byte iwthabs; /* instructions issued since last absolute line info */
lu_byte needclose; /* function needs to close upvalues when returning */
} FuncState;
LUAI_FUNC int luaY_nvarstack (FuncState *fs);
LUAI_FUNC LClosure *luaY_parser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, Mbuffer *buff,
Dyndata *dyd, const char *name, int firstchar);
#endif

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/*
** $Id: lprefix.h $
** Definitions for Lua code that must come before any other header file
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/
#ifndef lprefix_h
#define lprefix_h
/*
** Allows POSIX/XSI stuff
*/
#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89) /* { */
#if !defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE)
#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600
#elif _XOPEN_SOURCE == 0
#undef _XOPEN_SOURCE /* use -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=0 to undefine it */
#endif
/*
** Allows manipulation of large files in gcc and some other compilers
*/
#if !defined(LUA_32BITS) && !defined(_FILE_OFFSET_BITS)
#define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
#define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
#endif
#endif /* } */
/*
** Windows stuff
*/
#if defined(_WIN32) /* { */
#if !defined(_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS)
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS /* avoid warnings about ISO C functions */
#endif
#endif /* } */
#endif

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