Fixed some diagnostics warnings

Moved examples to tofix because fixing them is besides the point right
now.
This commit is contained in:
Dawid Sobczak 2023-09-19 11:42:10 +01:00
parent 52164c82e3
commit 858fe11666
166 changed files with 68 additions and 264 deletions

View file

@ -0,0 +1,678 @@
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Lua 5.4 Reference Manual - contents</TITLE>
<LINK REL="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="lua.css">
<LINK REL="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="index.css">
<META HTTP-EQUIV="content-type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/"><IMG SRC="logo.gif" ALT="Lua"></A>
Lua 5.4 Reference Manual
</H1>
<P>
The reference manual is the official definition of the Lua language.
<BR>
For a complete introduction to Lua programming, see the book
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/pil/">Programming in Lua</A>.
<DIV CLASS="menubar">
<A HREF="manual.html">start</A>
&middot;
<A HREF="#contents">contents</A>
&middot;
<A HREF="#index">index</A>
&middot;
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/manual/">other versions</A>
</DIV>
<P>
<SMALL>
Copyright &copy; 2020&ndash;2023 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
Freely available under the terms of the
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/license.html">Lua license</A>.
</SMALL>
<H2><A NAME="contents">Contents</A></H2>
<UL CLASS="contents menubar">
<LI><A HREF="manual.html">1 &ndash; Introduction</A>
<P>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2">2 &ndash; Basic Concepts</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.1">2.1 &ndash; Values and Types</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.2">2.2 &ndash; Environments and the Global Environment</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.3">2.3 &ndash; Error Handling</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.4">2.4 &ndash; Metatables and Metamethods</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.5">2.5 &ndash; Garbage Collection</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.5.1">2.5.1 &ndash; Incremental Garbage Collection</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.5.2">2.5.2 &ndash; Generational Garbage Collection</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.5.3">2.5.3 &ndash; Garbage-Collection Metamethods</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.5.4">2.5.4 &ndash; Weak Tables</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.6">2.6 &ndash; Coroutines</A>
</UL>
<P>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3">3 &ndash; The Language</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.1">3.1 &ndash; Lexical Conventions</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.2">3.2 &ndash; Variables</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3">3.3 &ndash; Statements</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.1">3.3.1 &ndash; Blocks</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.2">3.3.2 &ndash; Chunks</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.3">3.3.3 &ndash; Assignment</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.4">3.3.4 &ndash; Control Structures</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.5">3.3.5 &ndash; For Statement</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.6">3.3.6 &ndash; Function Calls as Statements</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.7">3.3.7 &ndash; Local Declarations</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.8">3.3.8 &ndash; To-be-closed Variables</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4">3.4 &ndash; Expressions</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.1">3.4.1 &ndash; Arithmetic Operators</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.2">3.4.2 &ndash; Bitwise Operators</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.3">3.4.3 &ndash; Coercions and Conversions</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.4">3.4.4 &ndash; Relational Operators</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.5">3.4.5 &ndash; Logical Operators</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.6">3.4.6 &ndash; Concatenation</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.7">3.4.7 &ndash; The Length Operator</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.8">3.4.8 &ndash; Precedence</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.9">3.4.9 &ndash; Table Constructors</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.10">3.4.10 &ndash; Function Calls</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.11">3.4.11 &ndash; Function Definitions</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.12">3.4.12 &ndash; Lists of expressions, multiple results, and adjustment<A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.5">3.5 &ndash; Visibility Rules</A>
</UL>
<P>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4">4 &ndash; The Application Program Interface</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.1">4.1 &ndash; The Stack</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.1.1">4.1.1 &ndash; Stack Size</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.1.2">4.1.2 &ndash; Valid and Acceptable Indices</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.1.3">4.1.3 &ndash; Pointers to strings</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.2">4.2 &ndash; C Closures</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.3">4.3 &ndash; Registry</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.4">4.4 &ndash; Error Handling in C</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.4.1">4.4.1 &ndash; Status Codes</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.5">4.5 &ndash; Handling Yields in C</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.6">4.6 &ndash; Functions and Types</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.7">4.7 &ndash; The Debug Interface</A>
</UL>
<P>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#5">5 &ndash; The Auxiliary Library</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#5.1">5.1 &ndash; Functions and Types</A>
</UL>
<P>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6">6 &ndash; The Standard Libraries</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.1">6.1 &ndash; Basic Functions</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.2">6.2 &ndash; Coroutine Manipulation</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.3">6.3 &ndash; Modules</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.4">6.4 &ndash; String Manipulation</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.4.1">6.4.1 &ndash; Patterns</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.4.2">6.4.2 &ndash; Format Strings for Pack and Unpack</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.5">6.5 &ndash; UTF-8 Support</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.6">6.6 &ndash; Table Manipulation</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.7">6.7 &ndash; Mathematical Functions</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.8">6.8 &ndash; Input and Output Facilities</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.9">6.9 &ndash; Operating System Facilities</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.10">6.10 &ndash; The Debug Library</A>
</UL>
<P>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#7">7 &ndash; Lua Standalone</A>
<P>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#8">8 &ndash; Incompatibilities with the Previous Version</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#8.1">8.1 &ndash; Incompatibilities in the Language</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#8.2">8.2 &ndash; Incompatibilities in the Libraries</A>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#8.3">8.3 &ndash; Incompatibilities in the API</A>
</UL>
<P>
<LI><A HREF="manual.html#9">9 &ndash; The Complete Syntax of Lua</A>
</UL>
<H2><A NAME="index">Index</A></H2>
<TABLE CLASS="menubar" WIDTH="100%">
<TR>
<TD>
<H3><A NAME="functions">Lua functions</A></H3>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.1">basic</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-_G">_G</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-_VERSION">_VERSION</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-assert">assert</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-collectgarbage">collectgarbage</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-dofile">dofile</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-error">error</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-getmetatable">getmetatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-ipairs">ipairs</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-load">load</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-loadfile">loadfile</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-next">next</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-pairs">pairs</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-pcall">pcall</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-print">print</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-rawequal">rawequal</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-rawget">rawget</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-rawlen">rawlen</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-rawset">rawset</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-require">require</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-select">select</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-setmetatable">setmetatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-tonumber">tonumber</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-tostring">tostring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-type">type</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-warn">warn</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-xpcall">xpcall</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.2">coroutine</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.close">coroutine.close</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.create">coroutine.create</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.isyieldable">coroutine.isyieldable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.resume">coroutine.resume</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.running">coroutine.running</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.status">coroutine.status</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.wrap">coroutine.wrap</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.yield">coroutine.yield</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.10">debug</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.debug">debug.debug</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.gethook">debug.gethook</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.getinfo">debug.getinfo</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.getlocal">debug.getlocal</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.getmetatable">debug.getmetatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.getregistry">debug.getregistry</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.getupvalue">debug.getupvalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.getuservalue">debug.getuservalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.sethook">debug.sethook</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.setlocal">debug.setlocal</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.setmetatable">debug.setmetatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.setupvalue">debug.setupvalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.setuservalue">debug.setuservalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.traceback">debug.traceback</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.upvalueid">debug.upvalueid</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.upvaluejoin">debug.upvaluejoin</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.8">io</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.close">io.close</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.flush">io.flush</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.input">io.input</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.lines">io.lines</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.open">io.open</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.output">io.output</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.popen">io.popen</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.read">io.read</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.stderr">io.stderr</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.stdin">io.stdin</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.stdout">io.stdout</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.tmpfile">io.tmpfile</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.type">io.type</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.write">io.write</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:close">file:close</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:flush">file:flush</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:lines">file:lines</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:read">file:read</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:seek">file:seek</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:setvbuf">file:setvbuf</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:write">file:write</A><BR>
</TD>
<TD>
<H3>&nbsp;</H3>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.7">math</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.abs">math.abs</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.acos">math.acos</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.asin">math.asin</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.atan">math.atan</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.ceil">math.ceil</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.cos">math.cos</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.deg">math.deg</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.exp">math.exp</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.floor">math.floor</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.fmod">math.fmod</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.huge">math.huge</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.log">math.log</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.max">math.max</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.maxinteger">math.maxinteger</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.min">math.min</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.mininteger">math.mininteger</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.modf">math.modf</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.pi">math.pi</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.rad">math.rad</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.random">math.random</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.randomseed">math.randomseed</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.sin">math.sin</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.sqrt">math.sqrt</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.tan">math.tan</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.tointeger">math.tointeger</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.type">math.type</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.ult">math.ult</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.9">os</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.clock">os.clock</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.date">os.date</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.difftime">os.difftime</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.execute">os.execute</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.exit">os.exit</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.getenv">os.getenv</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.remove">os.remove</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.rename">os.rename</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.setlocale">os.setlocale</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.time">os.time</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.tmpname">os.tmpname</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.3">package</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.config">package.config</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.cpath">package.cpath</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.loaded">package.loaded</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.loadlib">package.loadlib</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.path">package.path</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.preload">package.preload</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.searchers">package.searchers</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.searchpath">package.searchpath</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.4">string</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.byte">string.byte</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.char">string.char</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.dump">string.dump</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.find">string.find</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.format">string.format</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.gmatch">string.gmatch</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.gsub">string.gsub</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.len">string.len</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.lower">string.lower</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.match">string.match</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.pack">string.pack</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.packsize">string.packsize</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.rep">string.rep</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.reverse">string.reverse</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.sub">string.sub</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.unpack">string.unpack</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.upper">string.upper</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.6">table</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.concat">table.concat</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.insert">table.insert</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.move">table.move</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.pack">table.pack</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.remove">table.remove</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.sort">table.sort</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.unpack">table.unpack</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#6.5">utf8</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-utf8.char">utf8.char</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-utf8.charpattern">utf8.charpattern</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-utf8.codepoint">utf8.codepoint</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-utf8.codes">utf8.codes</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-utf8.len">utf8.len</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-utf8.offset">utf8.offset</A><BR>
<H3><A NAME="metamethods">metamethods</A></H3>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__add</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__band</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__bnot</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__bor</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__bxor</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__call</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#3.3.8">__close</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__concat</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__div</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__eq</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.5.3">__gc</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__idiv</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__index</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__le</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__len</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__lt</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-getmetatable">__metatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__mod</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.5.4">__mode</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__mul</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_newmetatable">__name</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__newindex</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-pairs">__pairs</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__pow</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__shl</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__shr</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__sub</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-tostring">__tostring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#2.4">__unm</A><BR>
<H3><A NAME="env">environment<BR>variables</A></H3>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_CPATH">LUA_CPATH</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_CPATH_5_4">LUA_CPATH_5_4</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_INIT">LUA_INIT</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_INIT_5_4">LUA_INIT_5_4</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_PATH">LUA_PATH</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_PATH_5_4">LUA_PATH_5_4</A><BR>
</TD>
<TD>
<H3><A NAME="api">C API</A></H3>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Alloc">lua_Alloc</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_CFunction">lua_CFunction</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Debug">lua_Debug</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Hook">lua_Hook</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Integer">lua_Integer</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_KContext">lua_KContext</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_KFunction">lua_KFunction</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Number">lua_Number</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Reader">lua_Reader</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_State">lua_State</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Unsigned">lua_Unsigned</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_WarnFunction">lua_WarnFunction</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Writer">lua_Writer</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_absindex">lua_absindex</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_arith">lua_arith</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_atpanic">lua_atpanic</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_call">lua_call</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_callk">lua_callk</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_checkstack">lua_checkstack</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_close">lua_close</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_closeslot">lua_closeslot</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_compare">lua_compare</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_concat">lua_concat</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_copy">lua_copy</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_createtable">lua_createtable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_dump">lua_dump</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_error">lua_error</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_gc">lua_gc</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getallocf">lua_getallocf</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getextraspace">lua_getextraspace</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getfield">lua_getfield</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getglobal">lua_getglobal</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_gethook">lua_gethook</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_gethookcount">lua_gethookcount</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_gethookmask">lua_gethookmask</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_geti">lua_geti</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getinfo">lua_getinfo</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getiuservalue">lua_getiuservalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getlocal">lua_getlocal</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getmetatable">lua_getmetatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getstack">lua_getstack</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_gettable">lua_gettable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_gettop">lua_gettop</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getupvalue">lua_getupvalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_insert">lua_insert</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isboolean">lua_isboolean</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_iscfunction">lua_iscfunction</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isfunction">lua_isfunction</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isinteger">lua_isinteger</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_islightuserdata">lua_islightuserdata</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isnil">lua_isnil</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isnone">lua_isnone</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isnoneornil">lua_isnoneornil</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isnumber">lua_isnumber</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isstring">lua_isstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_istable">lua_istable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isthread">lua_isthread</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isuserdata">lua_isuserdata</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isyieldable">lua_isyieldable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_len">lua_len</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_load">lua_load</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_newstate">lua_newstate</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_newtable">lua_newtable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_newthread">lua_newthread</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_newuserdatauv">lua_newuserdatauv</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_next">lua_next</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_numbertointeger">lua_numbertointeger</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pcall">lua_pcall</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pcallk">lua_pcallk</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pop">lua_pop</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushboolean">lua_pushboolean</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushcclosure">lua_pushcclosure</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushcfunction">lua_pushcfunction</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushfstring">lua_pushfstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushglobaltable">lua_pushglobaltable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushinteger">lua_pushinteger</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushlightuserdata">lua_pushlightuserdata</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushliteral">lua_pushliteral</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushlstring">lua_pushlstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushnil">lua_pushnil</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushnumber">lua_pushnumber</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushstring">lua_pushstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushthread">lua_pushthread</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushvalue">lua_pushvalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushvfstring">lua_pushvfstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawequal">lua_rawequal</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawget">lua_rawget</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawgeti">lua_rawgeti</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawgetp">lua_rawgetp</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawlen">lua_rawlen</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawset">lua_rawset</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawseti">lua_rawseti</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawsetp">lua_rawsetp</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_register">lua_register</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_remove">lua_remove</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_replace">lua_replace</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_resetthread">lua_resetthread</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_resume">lua_resume</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rotate">lua_rotate</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setallocf">lua_setallocf</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setfield">lua_setfield</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setglobal">lua_setglobal</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_sethook">lua_sethook</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_seti">lua_seti</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setiuservalue">lua_setiuservalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setlocal">lua_setlocal</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setmetatable">lua_setmetatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_settable">lua_settable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_settop">lua_settop</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setupvalue">lua_setupvalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setwarnf">lua_setwarnf</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_status">lua_status</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_stringtonumber">lua_stringtonumber</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_toboolean">lua_toboolean</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tocfunction">lua_tocfunction</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_toclose">lua_toclose</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tointeger">lua_tointeger</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tointegerx">lua_tointegerx</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tolstring">lua_tolstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tonumber">lua_tonumber</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tonumberx">lua_tonumberx</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_topointer">lua_topointer</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tostring">lua_tostring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tothread">lua_tothread</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_touserdata">lua_touserdata</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_type">lua_type</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_typename">lua_typename</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_upvalueid">lua_upvalueid</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_upvalueindex">lua_upvalueindex</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_upvaluejoin">lua_upvaluejoin</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_version">lua_version</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_warning">lua_warning</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_xmove">lua_xmove</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_yield">lua_yield</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#lua_yieldk">lua_yieldk</A><BR>
</TD>
<TD>
<H3><A NAME="auxlib">auxiliary library</A></H3>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_Buffer">luaL_Buffer</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_Reg">luaL_Reg</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_Stream">luaL_Stream</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_addchar">luaL_addchar</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_addgsub">luaL_addgsub</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_addlstring">luaL_addlstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_addsize">luaL_addsize</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_addstring">luaL_addstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_addvalue">luaL_addvalue</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_argcheck">luaL_argcheck</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_argerror">luaL_argerror</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_argexpected">luaL_argexpected</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_buffaddr">luaL_buffaddr</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_buffinit">luaL_buffinit</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_buffinitsize">luaL_buffinitsize</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_bufflen">luaL_bufflen</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_buffsub">luaL_buffsub</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_callmeta">luaL_callmeta</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkany">luaL_checkany</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkinteger">luaL_checkinteger</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checklstring">luaL_checklstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checknumber">luaL_checknumber</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkoption">luaL_checkoption</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkstack">luaL_checkstack</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkstring">luaL_checkstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checktype">luaL_checktype</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkudata">luaL_checkudata</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkversion">luaL_checkversion</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_dofile">luaL_dofile</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_dostring">luaL_dostring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_error">luaL_error</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_execresult">luaL_execresult</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_fileresult">luaL_fileresult</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_getmetafield">luaL_getmetafield</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_getmetatable">luaL_getmetatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_getsubtable">luaL_getsubtable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_gsub">luaL_gsub</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_len">luaL_len</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_loadbuffer">luaL_loadbuffer</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_loadbufferx">luaL_loadbufferx</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_loadfile">luaL_loadfile</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_loadfilex">luaL_loadfilex</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_loadstring">luaL_loadstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_newlib">luaL_newlib</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_newlibtable">luaL_newlibtable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_newmetatable">luaL_newmetatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_newstate">luaL_newstate</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_openlibs">luaL_openlibs</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_opt">luaL_opt</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_optinteger">luaL_optinteger</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_optlstring">luaL_optlstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_optnumber">luaL_optnumber</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_optstring">luaL_optstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_prepbuffer">luaL_prepbuffer</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_prepbuffsize">luaL_prepbuffsize</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_pushfail">luaL_pushfail</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_pushresult">luaL_pushresult</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_pushresultsize">luaL_pushresultsize</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_ref">luaL_ref</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_requiref">luaL_requiref</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_setfuncs">luaL_setfuncs</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_setmetatable">luaL_setmetatable</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_testudata">luaL_testudata</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_tolstring">luaL_tolstring</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_traceback">luaL_traceback</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_typeerror">luaL_typeerror</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_typename">luaL_typename</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_unref">luaL_unref</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_where">luaL_where</A><BR>
<H3><A NAME="library">standard library</A></H3>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_base">luaopen_base</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_coroutine">luaopen_coroutine</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_debug">luaopen_debug</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_io">luaopen_io</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_math">luaopen_math</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_os">luaopen_os</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_package">luaopen_package</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_string">luaopen_string</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_table">luaopen_table</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_utf8">luaopen_utf8</A><BR>
<H3><A NAME="constants">constants</A></H3>
<P>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_ERRERR">LUA_ERRERR</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_ERRFILE">LUA_ERRFILE</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_ERRMEM">LUA_ERRMEM</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_ERRRUN">LUA_ERRRUN</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_ERRSYNTAX">LUA_ERRSYNTAX</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_HOOKCALL">LUA_HOOKCALL</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_HOOKCOUNT">LUA_HOOKCOUNT</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_HOOKLINE">LUA_HOOKLINE</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_HOOKRET">LUA_HOOKRET</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_HOOKTAILCALL">LUA_HOOKTAILCALL</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_LOADED_TABLE">LUA_LOADED_TABLE</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MASKCALL">LUA_MASKCALL</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MASKCOUNT">LUA_MASKCOUNT</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MASKLINE">LUA_MASKLINE</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MASKRET">LUA_MASKRET</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MAXINTEGER">LUA_MAXINTEGER</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MININTEGER">LUA_MININTEGER</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MINSTACK">LUA_MINSTACK</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MULTRET">LUA_MULTRET</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_NOREF">LUA_NOREF</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OK">LUA_OK</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPADD">LUA_OPADD</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPBAND">LUA_OPBAND</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPBNOT">LUA_OPBNOT</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPBOR">LUA_OPBOR</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPBXOR">LUA_OPBXOR</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPDIV">LUA_OPDIV</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPEQ">LUA_OPEQ</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPIDIV">LUA_OPIDIV</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPLE">LUA_OPLE</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPLT">LUA_OPLT</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPMOD">LUA_OPMOD</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPMUL">LUA_OPMUL</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPPOW">LUA_OPPOW</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPSHL">LUA_OPSHL</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPSHR">LUA_OPSHR</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPSUB">LUA_OPSUB</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPUNM">LUA_OPUNM</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE">LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_REFNIL">LUA_REFNIL</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_REGISTRYINDEX">LUA_REGISTRYINDEX</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS">LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD">LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TBOOLEAN">LUA_TBOOLEAN</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TFUNCTION">LUA_TFUNCTION</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA">LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TNIL">LUA_TNIL</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TNONE">LUA_TNONE</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TNUMBER">LUA_TNUMBER</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TSTRING">LUA_TSTRING</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TTABLE">LUA_TTABLE</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TTHREAD">LUA_TTHREAD</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TUSERDATA">LUA_TUSERDATA</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_USE_APICHECK">LUA_USE_APICHECK</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_YIELD">LUA_YIELD</A><BR>
<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUAL_BUFFERSIZE">LUAL_BUFFERSIZE</A><BR>
</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<P CLASS="footer">
Last update:
Sat Apr 1 17:57:05 UTC 2023
</P>
<!--
Last change: revised for Lua 5.4.5
-->
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.\" $Id: lua.man,v 1.14 2022/09/23 09:06:36 lhf Exp $
.TH LUA 1 "$Date: 2022/09/23 09:06:36 $"
.SH NAME
lua \- Lua interpreter
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B lua
[
.I options
]
[
.I script
[
.I args
]
]
.SH DESCRIPTION
.B lua
is the standalone Lua interpreter.
It loads and executes Lua programs,
either in textual source form or
in precompiled binary form.
(Precompiled binaries are output by
.BR luac ,
the Lua compiler.)
.B lua
can be used as a batch interpreter and also interactively.
.LP
After handling the
.IR options ,
the Lua program in file
.I script
is loaded and executed.
The
.I args
are available to
.I script
as strings in a global table named
.B arg
and also as arguments to its main function.
When called without arguments,
.B lua
behaves as
.B "lua \-v \-i"
if the standard input is a terminal,
and as
.B "lua \-"
otherwise.
.LP
In interactive mode,
.B lua
prompts the user,
reads lines from the standard input,
and executes them as they are read.
If the line contains an expression,
then the line is evaluated and the result is printed.
If a line does not contain a complete statement,
then a secondary prompt is displayed and
lines are read until a complete statement is formed or
a syntax error is found.
.LP
Before handling command line options and scripts,
.B lua
checks the contents of the environment variables
.B LUA_INIT_5_4
and
.BR LUA_INIT ,
in that order.
If the contents are of the form
.RI '@ filename ',
then
.I filename
is executed.
Otherwise, the contents are assumed to be a Lua statement and is executed.
When
.B LUA_INIT_5_4
is defined,
.B LUA_INIT
is ignored.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
.BI \-e " stat"
execute statement
.IR stat .
.TP
.B \-i
enter interactive mode after executing
.IR script .
.TP
.BI \-l " mod"
require library
.I mod
into global
.IR mod .
.TP
.BI \-l " g=mod"
require library
.I mod
into global
.IR g .
.TP
.B \-v
show version information.
.TP
.B \-E
ignore environment variables.
.TP
.B \-W
turn warnings on.
.TP
.B \-\-
stop handling options.
.TP
.B \-
stop handling options and execute the standard input as a file.
.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
The following environment variables affect the execution of
.BR lua .
When defined,
the version-specific variants take priority
and the version-neutral variants are ignored.
.TP
.B LUA_INIT, LUA_INIT_5_4
Code to be executed before command line options and scripts.
.TP
.B LUA_PATH, LUA_PATH_5_4
Initial value of package.cpath,
the path used by require to search for Lua loaders.
.TP
.B LUA_CPATH, LUA_CPATH_5_4
Initial value of package.cpath,
the path used by require to search for C loaders.
.SH EXIT STATUS
If a script calls os.exit,
then
.B lua
exits with the given exit status.
Otherwise,
.B lua
exits
with EXIT_SUCCESS (0 on POSIX systems) if there were no errors
and
with EXIT_FAILURE (1 on POSIX systems) if there were errors.
Errors raised in interactive mode do not cause exits.
.SH DIAGNOSTICS
Error messages should be self explanatory.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR luac (1)
.br
The documentation at lua.org,
especially section 7 of the reference manual.
.SH AUTHORS
R. Ierusalimschy,
L. H. de Figueiredo,
W. Celes
.\" EOF

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.\" $Id: luac.man,v 1.29 2011/11/16 13:53:40 lhf Exp $
.TH LUAC 1 "$Date: 2011/11/16 13:53:40 $"
.SH NAME
luac \- Lua compiler
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B luac
[
.I options
] [
.I filenames
]
.SH DESCRIPTION
.B luac
is the Lua compiler.
It translates programs written in the Lua programming language
into binary files containing precompiled chunks
that can be later loaded and executed.
.LP
The main advantages of precompiling chunks are:
faster loading,
protecting source code from accidental user changes,
and
off-line syntax checking.
Precompiling does not imply faster execution
because in Lua chunks are always compiled into bytecodes before being executed.
.B luac
simply allows those bytecodes to be saved in a file for later execution.
Precompiled chunks are not necessarily smaller than the corresponding source.
The main goal in precompiling is faster loading.
.LP
In the command line,
you can mix
text files containing Lua source and
binary files containing precompiled chunks.
.B luac
produces a single output file containing the combined bytecodes
for all files given.
Executing the combined file is equivalent to executing the given files.
By default,
the output file is named
.BR luac.out ,
but you can change this with the
.B \-o
option.
.LP
Precompiled chunks are
.I not
portable across different architectures.
Moreover,
the internal format of precompiled chunks
is likely to change when a new version of Lua is released.
Make sure you save the source files of all Lua programs that you precompile.
.LP
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
.B \-l
produce a listing of the compiled bytecode for Lua's virtual machine.
Listing bytecodes is useful to learn about Lua's virtual machine.
If no files are given, then
.B luac
loads
.B luac.out
and lists its contents.
Use
.B \-l \-l
for a full listing.
.TP
.BI \-o " file"
output to
.IR file ,
instead of the default
.BR luac.out .
(You can use
.B "'\-'"
for standard output,
but not on platforms that open standard output in text mode.)
The output file may be one of the given files because
all files are loaded before the output file is written.
Be careful not to overwrite precious files.
.TP
.B \-p
load files but do not generate any output file.
Used mainly for syntax checking and for testing precompiled chunks:
corrupted files will probably generate errors when loaded.
If no files are given, then
.B luac
loads
.B luac.out
and tests its contents.
No messages are displayed if the file loads without errors.
.TP
.B \-s
strip debug information before writing the output file.
This saves some space in very large chunks,
but if errors occur when running a stripped chunk,
then the error messages may not contain the full information they usually do.
In particular,
line numbers and names of local variables are lost.
.TP
.B \-v
show version information.
.TP
.B \-\-
stop handling options.
.TP
.B \-
stop handling options and process standard input.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR lua (1)
.br
The documentation at lua.org.
.SH DIAGNOSTICS
Error messages should be self explanatory.
.SH AUTHORS
R. Ierusalimschy,
L. H. de Figueiredo,
W. Celes
.\" EOF

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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Lua 5.4 readme</TITLE>
<LINK REL="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="lua.css">
<META HTTP-EQUIV="content-type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<STYLE TYPE="text/css">
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tt, kbd, code {
font-size: 12pt ;
}
</STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/"><IMG SRC="logo.gif" ALT="Lua"></A>
Welcome to Lua 5.4
</H1>
<DIV CLASS="menubar">
<A HREF="#about">about</A>
&middot;
<A HREF="#install">installation</A>
&middot;
<A HREF="#changes">changes</A>
&middot;
<A HREF="#license">license</A>
&middot;
<A HREF="contents.html">reference manual</A>
</DIV>
<H2><A NAME="about">About Lua</A></H2>
<P>
Lua is a powerful, efficient, lightweight, embeddable scripting language
developed by a
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/authors.html">team</A>
at
<A HREF="http://www.puc-rio.br/">PUC-Rio</A>,
the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil.
Lua is
<A HREF="#license">free software</A>
used in
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/uses.html">many products and projects</A>
around the world.
<P>
Lua's
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/">official web site</A>
provides complete information
about Lua,
including
an
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/about.html">executive summary</A>
and
updated
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/docs.html">documentation</A>,
especially the
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/manual/5.4/">reference manual</A>,
which may differ slightly from the
<A HREF="contents.html">local copy</A>
distributed in this package.
<H2><A NAME="install">Installing Lua</A></H2>
<P>
Lua is distributed in
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/ftp/">source</A>
form.
You need to build it before using it.
Building Lua should be straightforward
because
Lua is implemented in pure ANSI C and compiles unmodified in all known
platforms that have an ANSI C compiler.
Lua also compiles unmodified as C++.
The instructions given below for building Lua are for Unix-like platforms,
such as Linux and Mac OS X.
See also
<A HREF="#other">instructions for other systems</A>
and
<A HREF="#customization">customization options</A>.
<P>
If you don't have the time or the inclination to compile Lua yourself,
get a binary from
<A HREF="http://lua-users.org/wiki/LuaBinaries">LuaBinaries</A>.
<H3>Building Lua</H3>
<P>
In most common Unix-like platforms, simply do "<KBD>make</KBD>".
Here are the details.
<OL>
<LI>
Open a terminal window and move to
the top-level directory, which is named <TT>lua-5.4.6</TT>.
The <TT>Makefile</TT> there controls both the build process and the installation process.
<P>
<LI>
Do "<KBD>make</KBD>". The <TT>Makefile</TT> will guess your platform and build Lua for it.
<P>
<LI>
If the guess failed, do "<KBD>make help</KBD>" and see if your platform is listed.
The platforms currently supported are:
<P>
<P CLASS="display">
guess aix bsd c89 freebsd generic ios linux linux-readline macosx mingw posix solaris
</P>
<P>
If your platform is listed, just do "<KBD>make xxx</KBD>", where xxx
is your platform name.
<P>
If your platform is not listed, try the closest one or posix, generic,
c89, in this order.
<P>
<LI>
The compilation takes only a few moments
and produces three files in the <TT>src</TT> directory:
lua (the interpreter),
luac (the compiler),
and liblua.a (the library).
<P>
<LI>
To check that Lua has been built correctly, do "<KBD>make test</KBD>"
after building Lua. This will run the interpreter and print its version.
</OL>
<P>
If you're running Linux, try "<KBD>make linux-readline</KBD>" to build the interactive Lua interpreter with handy line-editing and history capabilities.
If you get compilation errors,
make sure you have installed the <TT>readline</TT> development package
(which is probably named <TT>libreadline-dev</TT> or <TT>readline-devel</TT>).
If you get link errors after that,
then try "<KBD>make linux-readline MYLIBS=-ltermcap</KBD>".
<H3>Installing Lua</H3>
<P>
Once you have built Lua, you may want to install it in an official
place in your system. In this case, do "<KBD>make install</KBD>". The official
place and the way to install files are defined in the <TT>Makefile</TT>. You'll
probably need the right permissions to install files, and so may need to do "<KBD>sudo make install</KBD>".
<P>
To build and install Lua in one step, do "<KBD>make all install</KBD>",
or "<KBD>make xxx install</KBD>",
where xxx is your platform name.
<P>
To install Lua locally after building it, do "<KBD>make local</KBD>".
This will create a directory <TT>install</TT> with subdirectories
<TT>bin</TT>, <TT>include</TT>, <TT>lib</TT>, <TT>man</TT>, <TT>share</TT>,
and install Lua as listed below.
To install Lua locally, but in some other directory, do
"<KBD>make install INSTALL_TOP=xxx</KBD>", where xxx is your chosen directory.
The installation starts in the <TT>src</TT> and <TT>doc</TT> directories,
so take care if <TT>INSTALL_TOP</TT> is not an absolute path.
<DL CLASS="display">
<DT>
bin:
<DD>
lua luac
<DT>
include:
<DD>
lua.h luaconf.h lualib.h lauxlib.h lua.hpp
<DT>
lib:
<DD>
liblua.a
<DT>
man/man1:
<DD>
lua.1 luac.1
</DL>
<P>
These are the only directories you need for development.
If you only want to run Lua programs,
you only need the files in <TT>bin</TT> and <TT>man</TT>.
The files in <TT>include</TT> and <TT>lib</TT> are needed for
embedding Lua in C or C++ programs.
<H3><A NAME="customization">Customization</A></H3>
<P>
Three kinds of things can be customized by editing a file:
<UL>
<LI> Where and how to install Lua &mdash; edit <TT>Makefile</TT>.
<LI> How to build Lua &mdash; edit <TT>src/Makefile</TT>.
<LI> Lua features &mdash; edit <TT>src/luaconf.h</TT>.
</UL>
<P>
You don't actually need to edit the Makefiles because you may set the
relevant variables in the command line when invoking make.
Nevertheless, it's probably best to edit and save the Makefiles to
record the changes you've made.
<P>
On the other hand, if you need to customize some Lua features, you'll need
to edit <TT>src/luaconf.h</TT> before building and installing Lua.
The edited file will be the one installed, and
it will be used by any Lua clients that you build, to ensure consistency.
Further customization is available to experts by editing the Lua sources.
<H3><A NAME="other">Building Lua on other systems</A></H3>
<P>
If you're not using the usual Unix tools, then the instructions for
building Lua depend on the compiler you use. You'll need to create
projects (or whatever your compiler uses) for building the library,
the interpreter, and the compiler, as follows:
<DL CLASS="display">
<DT>
library:
<DD>
lapi.c lcode.c lctype.c ldebug.c ldo.c ldump.c lfunc.c lgc.c llex.c lmem.c lobject.c lopcodes.c lparser.c lstate.c lstring.c ltable.c ltm.c lundump.c lvm.c lzio.c
lauxlib.c lbaselib.c lcorolib.c ldblib.c liolib.c lmathlib.c loadlib.c loslib.c lstrlib.c ltablib.c lutf8lib.c linit.c
<DT>
interpreter:
<DD>
library, lua.c
<DT>
compiler:
<DD>
library, luac.c
</DL>
<P>
To use Lua as a library in your own programs, you'll need to know how to
create and use libraries with your compiler. Moreover, to dynamically load
C libraries for Lua, you'll need to know how to create dynamic libraries
and you'll need to make sure that the Lua API functions are accessible to
those dynamic libraries &mdash; but <EM>don't</EM> link the Lua library
into each dynamic library. For Unix, we recommend that the Lua library
be linked statically into the host program and its symbols exported for
dynamic linking; <TT>src/Makefile</TT> does this for the Lua interpreter.
For Windows, we recommend that the Lua library be a DLL.
In all cases, the compiler luac should be linked statically.
<P>
As mentioned above, you may edit <TT>src/luaconf.h</TT> to customize
some features before building Lua.
<H2><A NAME="changes">Changes since Lua 5.3</A></H2>
<P>
Here are the main changes introduced in Lua 5.4.
The
<A HREF="contents.html">reference manual</A>
lists the
<A HREF="manual.html#8">incompatibilities</A> that had to be introduced.
<H3>Main changes</H3>
<UL>
<LI> new generational mode for garbage collection
<LI> to-be-closed variables
<LI> const variables
<LI> userdata can have multiple user values
<LI> new implementation for math.random
<LI> warning system
<LI> debug information about function arguments and returns
<LI> new semantics for the integer 'for' loop
<LI> optional 'init' argument to 'string.gmatch'
<LI> new functions 'lua_resetthread' and 'coroutine.close'
<LI> string-to-number coercions moved to the string library
<LI> allocation function allowed to fail when shrinking a memory block
<LI> new format '%p' in 'string.format'
<LI> utf8 library accepts codepoints up to 2^31
</UL>
<H2><A NAME="license">License</A></H2>
<P>
<A HREF="http://www.opensource.org/docs/definition.php">
<IMG SRC="osi-certified-72x60.png" ALIGN="right" ALT="[osi certified]" STYLE="padding-left: 30px ;">
</A>
Lua is free software distributed under the terms of the
<A HREF="http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.html">MIT license</A>
reproduced below;
it may be used for any purpose, including commercial purposes,
at absolutely no cost without having to ask us.
The only requirement is that if you do use Lua,
then you should give us credit by including the appropriate copyright notice somewhere in your product or its documentation.
For details, see
<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/license.html">this</A>.
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="padding-bottom: 0em">
Copyright &copy; 1994&ndash;2023 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
<P>
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
<P>
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
<P>
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>
<P CLASS="footer">
Last update:
Tue May 2 20:08:55 UTC 2023
</P>
<!--
Last change: revised for Lua 5.4.6
-->
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</HTML>